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AndrE Antoine[ANdrA´ ANtwAn´] Pronunciation Key, 1858–1943, French theatrical director, manager, and critic. In opposition to the teachings of the Paris Conservatory, he formed (1887) his own company, the ThEAtre Libre. There he presented, by private subscriptions, foremost works of the naturalistic school. He emphasized an intimate style of acting and a realistic use of space and tried to eliminate grand posturing. Financial failure forced him to relinquish the theater (1894). In 1897 he founded the ThEAtre Antoine, where he continued the tradition of his ThEAtre Libre for 10 years. He was director (1906–14) of the OdEon in Paris and after World War I became a respected drama critic.
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