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LEon Charles Albert Calmette[lAON´ shArl Alber´ kAlmet´] Pronunciation Key, 1863–1933, French physician and bacteriologist. He was founder and director of the Pasteur institutes at Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City) and at Lille. From 1917 he was affiliated with the Pasteur Institute in Paris. He discovered a serum for snake bite, studied bubonic plague at Oporto, and with Alphonse GuErin introduced BCG, a tuberculosis vaccine. He wrote Recherches expErimentales sur la tuberculose (1907–14), Tuberculose chez l'homme et chez les animaux (1920; tr. 1923), and La Vaccination prEventive … par le BCG (1927).
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