Old Kingdom (or Old Empire) |
| Dynasty |
Years |
Famous Rulers |
| I |
31102884 B.C. |
Menes |
| II |
28842780 B.C. |
| III |
27802680 B.C. |
Snefru |
| IV |
26802565 B.C. |
Khufu (Cheops), Khafre, Menkaure. Age of the great pyramids. |
| V |
25652420 B.C. |
| VI |
24202258 B.C. |
Pepi I, Pepi II |
First Intermediate Period |
| VII, VIII |
22582225 B.C. |
An obscure period. |
| IX, X |
22252134 B.C. |
Capital at Heracleopolis. |
| XI |
2134c.2000 B.C. |
Capital at Thebes. |
Middle Kingdom (or Middle Empire) |
| XII |
20001786 B.C. |
Amenemhet I, Sesostris I, Amenemhet II, Sesostris II, Sesostris III, Amenemhet III, Amenemhet IV |
Second Intermediate Period |
| XIIIXVII |
17861570 B.C. |
The Hyksos. An obscure period. |
New Kingdom (or New Empire) |
| XVIII |
1570c.1342 B.C. |
Amenhotep I, Thutmose I, Thutmose II with Hatshepshut, Thutmose III, Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV, Amenhotep III, Amenhotep IV (Ikhnaton), Tutankhamen |
| XIX |
c.13421200 B.C. |
Horemheb, Ramses I, Seti I, Ramses II, Merneptah, Seti II |
| XX |
12001085 B.C. |
Ramses III with Tiy. New Kingdom declines. |
| XXI |
1085945 B.C. |
Tanite dynasty (capital at Tanis). |
| XXII |
945745 B.C. |
Sheshonk I. Libyan dynasty (capital at Bubastis). |
| XXIII |
745718 B.C. |
Nubian dynasty with invasion of Piankhi (capital at Bubastis). |
| XXIV |
718712 B.C. |
SaIte dynasty (capital at SaIs). |
| XXV |
712663 B.C. |
Taharka. Assyrian invasions begin foreign domination. |
| XXVI |
663525 B.C. |
Psamtik, Necho, Apries, Amasis II (capital at SaIs). |
| XXVII |
525405 B.C. |
The Achaemenids of Persia in control. Cambyses II to Darius II. Egypt revolts. |
| XXVIIIXXX |
405332 B.C. |
Nekhtnebf I, Nekhtnebf II. Last native dynasties, ending with conquest by Alexander the Great. Capital at SaIs, then at Mendes, then at Sebennytos. |
