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Papal States, Italian History
Related Category: Italian History
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Actual control by the papacy of its territories began in the 16th cent., when Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI, conquered the petty states of the Romagna and Marche; after his fall (1503) most of them passed directly under papal rule. In the early 16th cent., Pope Julius II consolidated papal power by abolishing local autonomies and by participating effectively in the Italian Wars. The last principalities to lose their autonomy to the popes were Ferrara (1598) and Urbino (1631). The duchy of Castro was added in 1649. Parma and Piacenza were alienated (1545) through the nepotism of Pope Paul III.
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Topics
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• Adrian I, pope
• Gil Alvarez Carrillo de Albornoz
• Avignon
• Cesare Borgia
• Charlemagne
• Constantine, Donation of
• Counter Reformation
• Franco-Prussian War
• Giuseppe Garibaldi
• Saint Gregory VII
• Henry V, Holy Roman emperor and German king
• Innocent III
• Italian Wars
• Italy
• Julius II
• Lateran Treaty
• Lombards
• Matilda, countess of Tuscany
• Napoleon I
• Napoleon III
• papacy
• Parma, city, Italy
• Paul III
• Pepin the Short
• Pius VI
• Pius VII
• Pius IX
• Ravenna, city, Italy
• Risorgimento
• Romagna
• Roman Catholic Church
• Rome, city, Italy
• Schism, Great
• Stephen II
• Saint Sylvester I
• Vatican
• Victor Emmanuel II
• Saint Zacharias
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