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Among 19th-century painters, JosE de Madrazo y Agudo belonged with the school of Jacques-Louis David and Mariano Fortuny with French romantic and historical painters. The foremost architect working in the neoclassical style was Juan de Villanueva. At the turn of the century the architect Antonio GaudI designed a number of startling and enormously original structures in Barcelona, including the Expiatory Church of the Holy Family.
The foremost of modern painters, Pablo Picasso, though born a Spaniard, is permanently associated with the school of Paris, as are the cubist Juan Gris, the surrealists Joan MirO and Salvador DalI, and the sculptor Julio GonzAlez. Nonetheless, each has in his style something that is distinctively Spanish in origin. In the 1950s there was an outburst of abstract expressionism in Spain represented in the works of Antonio Tapies and Luis SAez, among many others. Eduardo Chillida is a major modern Spanish sculptor, as are Francisco BarOn, JosE Luis SAnchez y Gabino, and Martin Chirino. Notable contemporary painters include Luis Ficto JosE FrancEs, and Rafael Canogar.
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