Black Belt
, term applied to several areas of Miss. and Ala.,
the heart of the Old South, which are characterized by black soil and
excellent cotton-growing conditions. The Black Belt area was
historically important as the nation's main cotton producer in the
mid-1800s. Soil depletion, erosion, the boll weevil, and economic
conditions combined to eliminate the region's lead as a cotton
producer (W Texas and Calif. are now major producers). Livestock,
poultry; peanuts and soybeans have become important crops in area.
Capital city or county seat is shown by the symbol
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