Introductory
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



ABBREVIATION : 
POTNEW

SYNONYMS : 
NO-ENTRY


SCS PLANT CODE : 
   PONE7


COMMON NAMES : 
   Newberry cinquefoil
   Newberry's cinquefoil
   cinquefoil


TAXONOMY : 
The currently accepted scientific name of Newberry cinquefoil is
Potentilla newberryi A. Gray [[6].


LIFE FORM : 
Forb

FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS : 
No special status

OTHER STATUS : 
NO-ENTRY


COMPILED BY AND DATE : 
D. Tirmenstein, December 1987


LAST REVISED BY AND DATE : 
NO-ENTRY


AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION : 
Tirmenstein, D. A. 1987. Potentilla newberryi. In: Remainder of Citation

DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Newberry cinquefoil occurs from south-central Washington to northeastern
California [6].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES29  Sagebrush


STATES : 
     CA  OR  WA


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
NO-ENTRY


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    5  Columbia Plateau
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K024  Juniper steppe woodland
   K055  Sagebrush steppe


SAF COVER TYPES : 
   238  Western juniper


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Newberry cinquefoil has not been used as a climax indicator in habitat
type or community type classification schemes within its range.

VALUE AND USE
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



WOOD PRODUCTS VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE : 
Cinquefoils (Potentilla spp.) are, in general, fairly high in tannic
acid and are not considered to be highly palatable to many wildlife
species [18].  Some cinquefoils are browsed when other more desirable
species are unavailable.  In some southeastern Oregon sagebrush
communities, mule deer prefer Newberry cinquefoil to silver sagebrush
(Artemisia cana) [10], and browse it in the winter, spring, and fall
[9].  The early growth of this cinquefoil is reported to be more
nutritious than the older silver sagebrush browse [10].


PALATABILITY : 
NO-ENTRY


NUTRITIONAL VALUE : 
General nutritional values for the genus Potentilla are as follows [14]:

          Cinquefoil, aerial part, fresh, immature

     Dry matter - %           100.0
     Ash - %                    8.1
     Crude fiber - %           11.3
     Ether extract - %          3.9
     N-free extract - %        54.6
     Protein (Nx6.25) - %      22.1
       Cattle-dig. protein - % 16.7
       Goats-dig. protein - %  17.2
       Horses-dig. protein - % 16.3
       Sheep -dig. protein - % 17.6


COVER VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


VALUE FOR REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SITES : 
NO-ENTRY


OTHER USES AND VALUES : 
NO-ENTRY


MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
In southeastern Oregon, Newberry cinquefoil increased in response to
unusually long periods of flooding at certain sites in silver sagebrush
communities.  Silver sagebrush, by contrast, declined at these sites
[10].

BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS : 
Newberry cinquefoil is a relatively short-lived, low and spreading
perennial or biennial herb [6,13].  The plant is usually prostrate,
although occasionally ascending to erect, and has a grayish villous
appearance [6,15].  Newberry cinquefoil is simple or branched, and has
slender stems spreading outward from 0.3 to 1.6 feet (1-5 dm) in length
[6,13,15].  It seldom grows more than 1 feet (3 dm) in height [6].

This cinquefoil is generally quite leafy.  Leaflets are crowded and
often grow in groups of 7 to 15 (or more) [6].  These leaflets are
divided into a number of oblong, elliptic, linear, or spatulate segments
[6,13].

Flowers of Newberry cinquefoil are usually freely branched and tend to
be numerous [6,15].  Petals range in color from a pale yellow or cream
to white [6,15].  The small fragrant flowers (0.20 to 0.23 inch [5-6 mm]
in length) are often hidden by foliage.  Seeds are borne in small
achenes which are reticulate and brown in color at maturity [6].

Newberry cinquefoil grows from a taproot and has a nonrhizomatous crown
[6].


RAUNKIAER LIFE FORM : 
   Chamaephyte


REGENERATION PROCESSES : 
Little documentation exists on the reproductive strategies of Newberry
cinquefoil.  Most species within the Potentilla genus produce an
abundance of small seed with good viability [18].  A number of
cinquefoils also reproduce vegetatively through rhizomes, adventitious
rooting, or other means.  Newberry cinquefoil, however, is not
rhizomatous [6], and vegetative reproduction in this species has not
been documented.

Flowers of Newberry cinquefoil are generally produced in abundance p15].
Flowers are reported to be very fragrant and insect pollination is
probably likely.  Seeds are probably dispersed by wind.  Germination
requirements and seedling growth characteristics have not been
determined for this species.


SITE CHARACTERISTICS : 
Newberry cinquefoil typically grows near dry lakes, vernal ponds,
lakeshores, and water holes [6].  Its site preferences suggest an
affinity for at least intermittently moist sites.  Newberry cinquefoil
also grows on sagebrush scrub in juniper woodlands [13] and on low
alkaline plains east of the Cascades [15].  In California its
elevational range is from 4,500 to 6,500 feet (1,373-1,983 m) [13].


SUCCESSIONAL STATUS : 
The successional status of Newberry cinquefoil has not been documented.
On some rather specific sites, a number of cinquefoils have been
described as climax dominants [2,12], but on many other types of sites,
these plants are more often thought of as early to mid-seral species
[3,17].


SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT : 
Flowering occurs from April through July throughout its range [6].  In
northern California, Newberry cinquefoil flowers from May to July [13].

FIRE ECOLOGY
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



FIRE ECOLOGY OR ADAPTATIONS : 
Very little information exists on the potential adaptations of Newberry
cinquefoil to fire.  Response of individual species of cinquefoil
apparently differ, and it is difficult to make general conclusions
concerning the ways in which this highly variable genus responds to
fire.  Fire is probably rare or nonexistent at many of the more mesic
sites occupied by Newberry cinquefoil.  However, at some of the more
xeric sagebrush and juniper woodland sites, fire probably occurs at
least occasionally.


POSTFIRE REGENERATION STRATEGY : 
   Secondary colonizer - off-site seed

FIRE EFFECTS
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT : 
Little has been reported on the effects of fire on Newberry cinquefoil,
and it is not known if this species is typically killed by fire.


DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT : 
NO-ENTRY


PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE : 
Little is known about the way in which Newberry cinquefoil responds to
fire.  Vegetative regeneration has not been reported for this species.
Newberry cinquefoil grows from a nonrhizomatous crown [6], and
resprouting after fire is probably unlikely.  Cinquefoils typically
produce an abundance of small wind-dispersed seed [18], and
reestablishment through seed is probable.  Recovery time is unknown.


DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE : 
NO-ENTRY


FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
NO-ENTRY

REFERENCES
SPECIES: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil 



REFERENCES : 

 .  Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals,
       reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's
       associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO:
       U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. 
       [434]

 .  Daubenmire, R. F. 1943. Vegetational zonation in the Rocky Mountains.
       Botanical Review. 9(6): 326-393.  [737]

 .  Elkington, T. T.; Woodell, S. R. J. 1963. Potentilla fruticosa L.
       (Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb.). Journal of Ecology. 51: 769-781. 
       [858]

 .  Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and
       Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p.  [905]

 .  Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others].
       1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range
       ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p.  [998]

 .  Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1961. Vascular plants of the
       Pacific Northwest. Part 3: Saxifragaceae to Ericaceae. Seattle, WA:
       University of Washington Press. 614 p.  [1167]

 .  Holmgren, Arthur H.; Reveal, James L. 1966. Checklist of the vascular
       plants of the Intermountain Region. Res. Pap. INT-32. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 160 p.  [1184]

 .  Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation
       of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York:
       American Geographical Society. 77 p.  [1384]

 .  Kufeld, Roland C.; Wallmo, O. C.; Feddema, Charles. 1973. Foods of the
       Rocky Mountain mule deer. Res. Pap. RM-111. Fort Collins, CO: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 31 p.  [1387]

.  Leckenby, Donavin A.; Sheehy, Dennis P.; Nellis, Carl H.; [and others].
       1982. Wildlife habitats in managed rangelands--the Great Basin of
       southeastern Oregon: mule deer. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-139. Portland, OR:
       U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest
       and Range Experiment Station. 40 p.  [1432]

.  Lyon, L. Jack; Stickney, Peter F. 1976. Early vegetal succession
       following large northern Rocky Mountain wildfires. In: Proceedings, Tall
       Timbers fire ecology conference and Intermountain Fire Research Council
       fire and land management symposium; 1974 October 8-10; Missoula, MT. No.
       14. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 355-373.  [1496]

.  Mueggler, W. F.; Stewart, W. L. 1980. Grassland and shrubland habitat
       types of western Montana. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-66. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 154 p.  [1717]

.  Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA:
       University of California Press. 1905 p.  [6155]

.  National Academy of Sciences. 1971. Atlas of nutritional data on United
       States and Canadian feeds. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
       772 p.  [1731]

.  Peck, Morton E. 1941. A manual of the higher plants of Oregon. Portland,
       OR: Binfords & Mort. 800 p.  [12444]

.  Smith, Dixie R. 1960. Description and response to elk use of two mesic
       grassland and shrub communities in the Jackson Hole region of Wyoming.
       Northwest Science. 34(1): 25-36.  [2166]

.  Smith, Dixie R. 1960. Description and response to elk use of two mesic
       grassland and shrub communities in the Jackson Hole region of Wyoming.
       Northwest Science. 34(1): 25-36.  [2166]

.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1937. Range plant
       handbook. Washington, DC. 532 p.  [2387]

.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982.
       National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names.
       SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p.  [11573]

.  Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern
       Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire
       Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 7 p.  [20090]

Related categories for Species: Potentilla newberryi | Newberry Cinquefoil