DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Rudbeckia hirta | Black-Eyed Susan 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Black-eyed Susan is found throughout most of North America, particularly
east of the Rocky Mountains [45,51].  It has been sporadically introduced
into the Pacific Northwest [35].  Black-eyed Susan has also been
introduced in Europe as an ornamental and can now be found growing wild
in seminatural stands [57].

Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta occurs from Pennsylvania to Georgia and
sparingly north to Maine and west to Illinois [26].  Rudbeckia hirta
var. angustifolia is in the South [28].  Rudbeckia hirta var. brittonii
is found in the southeastern United States [48,55].  Rudbeckia hirta
var. floridana is found in central Florida [61].  Rudbeckia hirta var.
pulcherrima is widespread, especially in disturbed habitats [26].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES12  Longleaf - slash pine
   FRES13  Loblolly - shortleaf pine
   FRES14  Oak - pine
   FRES15  Oak - hickory
   FRES17  Elm - ash - cottonwood
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES19  Aspen - birch
   FRES20  Douglas-fir
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES23  Fir - spruce
   FRES30  Desert shrub
   FRES35  Pinyon - juniper
   FRES37  Mountain meadows
   FRES38  Plains grasslands
   FRES39  Prairie
   FRES41  Wet grasslands


STATES : 
     AL  AR  CA  CO  CT  FL  GA  IL  IN  IA
     KS  KY  LA  ME  MD  MA  MI  MN  MS  MO
     MT  NE  NH  NJ  NM  NY  NC  ND  OH  OK
     PA  SC  SD  TN  TX  VT  VA  WA  WV  WI
     WY  AB  BC  MB  NB  NF  NS  ON  PQ  SK
     MEXICO


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ACAD  ANTI  APIS  BAND  BICY  BITH
     BLRI  BUFF  CATO  CHCH  COLO  CUGA
     CUVA  DEWA  EFMO  FIIS  FLFO  FODO
     GATE  GWCA  GWMP  GRSA  GRSM  HOBE
     HOSP  INDU  ISRO  JECA  MACA  MANA
     MORU  NATR  NERI  NOCA  OBRI  OZNA
     PAIS  PIRO  PIPE  RICH  ROCR  ROMO
     SARA  SCBL  SEQU  SHEN  SHIL  SLBE
     VAFO  WICR  WICA  YOSE


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    2  Cascade Mountains
    3  Southern Pacific Border
    5  Columbia Plateau
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains
   10  Wyoming Basin
   13  Rocky Mountain Piedmont
   14  Great Plains
   15  Black Hills Uplift
   16  Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K005  Mixed conifer forest
   K007  Red fir forest
   K012  Douglas-fir forest
   K015  Western spruce - fir forest
   K017  Black Hills pine forest
   K018  Pine - Douglas-fir forest
   K023  Juniper - pinyon woodland
   K040  Saltbush - greasewood
   K066  Wheatgrass - needlegrass
   K072  Sea oats prairie
   K073  Northern cordgrass prairie
   K074  Bluestem prairie
   K081  Oak savanna
   K082  Mosaic of K074 and K100
   K083  Cedar glades
   K084  Cross Timbers
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K096  Northeastern spruce - fir forest
   K098  Northern floodplain forest
   K099  Maple - basswood forest
   K100  Oak - hickory forest
   K102  Beech - maple forest
   K104  Appalachian oak forest
   K106  Northern hardwoods
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K110  Northeastern oak - pine forest
   K111  Oak - hickory - pine forest
   K112  Southern mixed forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
     1  Jack pine
    14  Northern pin oak
    15  Red pine
    16  Aspen
    19  Gray birch - red maple
    20  White pine - northern red oak - red maple
    26  Sugar maple - basswood
    31  Red spruce - sugar maple - beech
    32  Red spruce
    33  Red spruce - balsam fir
    37  Northern white-cedar
    40  Post oak - blackjack oak
    42  Bur oak
    45  Pitch pine
    46  Eastern redcedar
    52  White oak - black oak - northern red oak
    53  White oak
    55  Northern red oak
    60  Beech - sugar maple
    62  Silver maple - American elm
    70  Longleaf pine
    71  Longleaf pine - scrub oak
    76  Shortleaf pine - oak
    78  Virginia pine - oak
    80  Loblolly pine - shortleaf pine
    83  Longleaf pine - slash pine
    84  Slash pine
   107  White spruce
   110  Black oak
   207  Red fir
   210  Interior Douglas-fir
   220  Rocky Mountain juniper
   237  Interior ponderosa pine
   239  Pinyon - juniper
   251  White spruce - aspen


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
In southwest Michigan black-eyed Susan occurs in wet prairie in
association with goldenrods (Solidago spp.), sedges (Carex spp.), Indian
grass (Sorghastrum nutans), marsh fern (Thelypteris palustris),
queen-of-the-prairie (Filipendula rubra), purple meadowrue (Thalictrum
dasycarpum), prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata), and cowbane
(Oxypolis pectinata) [40].

Associates of black-eyed Susan in tallgrass prairie in central Illinois
include leadplant (Amorpha canescens), sawtooth sunflower (Helianthus
grosseserratus), stiff sunflower (Helianthus rigidus), rattlesnake
master (Eryngium yuccifolium), New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus),
and flowering spurge (Euphorbia corollata) [38].

Associates of black-eyed Susan in remnant upland tallgrass prairie in
west-central Missouri include eastern red-cedar (Juniperus virginiana),
dewberry (Rubus flagellaris), chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), buck
brush (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus), leadplant (Amorpha canescens), and
wild snowball (Ceanothus americanus) [37].

Associates of black-eyed Susan in montane meadow grasslands within the
Rocky Mountain, Sierran, and Madrean montane conifer forests include
bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum), California false-hellebore (Veratrum
californicum), monkey flower (Mimulus nasutum), mountain brome (Bromus
marginatus), and iris (Iris missouriensis) [10].

Associates of black-eyed Susan in Sequoia National Park, California, on
sites adjacent to a giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) grove
include California wood fern (Dryopteris arguta), beaked hazel (Corylus
cornuta), American trailplant (Adenocaulon bicolor), incense-cedar
(Libocedrus decurrens), bush chinquapin (Chrysolepis sempervirens),
Richardson geranium (Geranium richardsonii), California buckeye
(Aesculus californica), white hedgenettle (Stachys albens), white fir
(Abies concolor), sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), Sierra gooseberry
(Ribes roezlii), and western cowbane (Oxypolis occidentalis) [3].

Related categories for Species: Rudbeckia hirta | Black-Eyed Susan