References for species: Bromus hordeaceus

1. Ahmed, Elgaily Osman. 1983. Fire ecology of Stipa pulchra in California annual grassland. Davis, CA: University of California, Davis. 64 p. Ph.D. dissertation. [28343]

2. Amme, David; Pitschel, Barbara M. 1990. Restoration and management of California's grassland habitats. In: Hughes, H. Glenn; Bonnicksen, Thomas M., eds. Restoration `89: the new management challange: Proceedings, 1st annual meeting of the Society for Ecological Restoration; 1989 January 16-20; Oakland, CA. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Arboretum, Society for Ecological Restoration: 532-542. [14721]

3. Armstrong, K. C. 1981. The evolution of Bromus inermis and related species of Bromus sect. Pnigma. Botanische Jahrbucher Syst. 102(1-4): 427-443. [2933]

4. Ashby, William C.; Hellmers, Henry. 1955. Temperature requirements for germination in relation to wild-land seeding. Journal of Range Management. 8: 80-83. [25198]

5. Baker, H. G. 1986. Patterns of plant invasion in North America. In: Mooney, Harold A.; Drake, James A., eds. Ecology of biological invasions of North America and Hawaii. Ecological Studies 58. New York: Springer-Verlag: 44-57. [17511]

6. Barry, W. James. 1972. The Central Valley prairie. Vol 1. Sacramento, CA: State of California, Department of Parks and Recreation. 82 p. [28344]

7. Bartolome, James W. 1979. Germination and seedling establishment in California annual grasslands. Journal of Ecology. 67: 272-281. [28345]

8. Bartolome, James W. 1981. Stipa pulchra, a survivor from the pristine prairie. Fremontia. 9(1): 3-6. [28346]

9. Bartolome, James W. 1987. California annual grassland and oak savannah. Rangelands. 9(3): 122-125. [2861]

10. Bartolome, James W. 1989. Local temporal and spatial structure. In: Huenneke, L. F.; Mooney, H., eds. Grassland structure and function: California annual grassland. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 73-80. [28348]

11. Bartolome, James W.; Klukkert, Steven E,; Barry, W. James. 1986. Opal phytoliths as evidence for displacement of native California grassland. Madrono. 33(3): 217-222. [28349]

12. Bartolome, James W.; Stroud, Michael C.; Heady, Harold F. 1980. Influence of natural mulch on forage production on differing California annual range sites. Journal of Range Management. 33(1): 4-8. [28347]

13. Bean, Lowell John; Lawton, Harry W. 1973. Some explanations for the rise of cultural complexity in native California with comments on proto-agricultural and agricultural. In: Lewis, Henry T., author; Bean, Lowell John, ed. Patterns of Indian burning in California: Ecology and ethnohistory. Ramona, CA: Ballena Press: v-x1vii. [28350]

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15. Beyers, Jan L.; Conard, Susan G.; Wakeman, Carla D. 1994. Impacts of an introduced grass, seeded for erosion control, on postfire community composition & species diversity in s. California chaparral. In: Proceedings, 12th conference on fire and forest meteorology; 1993 October 26-28; Jekyll Island, GA. Bethesda, MD: Society of American Foresters: 594-601. [26330]

16. Biswell, H. H. 1956. Ecology of California grasslands. Journal of Forestry. 9: 19-24. [11182]

17. Biswell, H. H.; Graham, Charles A. 1956. Plant counts and seed production on California annual-type ranges. Journal of Range Management. 9: 116-118. [28352]

18. Bodurtha, Timothy S.; Peek, James P.; Lauer, Jerry L. 1989. Mule deer habitat use related to succession in a bunchgrass community. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53(2): 314-319. [6677]

19. Clark, Ronilee A.; Halvorson, William L.; Sawdo, Andell A.; Danielsen, Karen C. 1990. Plant communities of Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park. Tech. Rep. No. 42. Davis, CA: University of California at Davis, Institute of Ecology, Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit. 93 p. [18245]

20. Clements, Frederic E. 1934. The relict method in dynamic ecology. Journal of Ecology. 22: 39-68. [11632]

21. Cooper, W. S. 1922. The broad-sclerophyll vegetation of California. Publ. No. 319. Washington, DC: The Carnegie Institution of Washington. 145 p. [6716]

22. Cronquist, Arthur; Holmgren, Arthur H.; Holmgren, Noel H.; Reveal, James L. 1972. Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Vol. 1. New York: Hafner Publishing Company, Inc. 270 p. [717]

23. DaSilva, Paul G.; Bartolome, James W. 1984. Interaction between a shrub, Baccharis pilularis subsp. consanguinea (Asteraceae), and an ann. grass, Bromus mollis (Poaceae), in coastal CA. Madrono. 31(2): 93-101. [3198]

24. Daubenmire, Rexford F. 1975. Plant succession on abandoned fields, and fire influences, in a steppe area in southeastern Washington. Northwest Science. 49(1): 36-48. [745]

25. Bartolome, James W. 1987. California annual grassland and oak savannah. Rangelands. 9(3): 122-125. [2861]

26. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806]

27. Ewing, Anne L.; Menke, John W. 1983. Reproductive potential of Bromus mollis and Avena barbata under drought conditions. Madrono. 30(3): 159-167. [3522]

28. Ewing, Anne L.; Menke, John W. 1983. Response of soft chess (Bromus mollis) and slender oat (Avena barbata) to simulated drought cycles. Journal of Range Management. 36(4): 415-418. [3797]

29. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]

30. Finnerty, D. W.; Klingman, Dayton L. 1962. Life cycles and control studies of some weed bromegrasses. Weeds. 10: 40-47. [921]

31. Flood, R. G. 1986. Germination of soft brome (Bromus hordeaceus). Plant Protection Quarterly. 1(4): 144-147. [22589]

32. Fulbright, Timothy E.; Redente, Edward F.; Hargis, Norman E. 1982. Growing Colorado plants from seed: a state of the art: Volume II: Grasses and grasslike plants. FWS/OBS-82/29. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 113 p. [3709]

33. Garcia, Doris; Lathrop, Earl D. 1984. Ecological studies on the vegetation of an upland grassland (Stipa pulchra) range site in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, San Diego County, California. Crossosoma. Claremont, CA: Southern California Botanists, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden. 10(7): 5-12. [28353]

34. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998]

35. Gleason, Henry A.; Cronquist, Arthur. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. 910 p. [20329]

36. Glenn-Lewin, David C.; Johnson, Louise A.; Jurik, Thomas W.; [and others]. 1990. Fire in central North American grasslands: vegetative reproduction, seed germination, and seedling establishment. In: Collins, Scott L.; Wallace, Linda L., eds. Fire in North American tallgrass prairies. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press: 28-45. [14194]

37. Gogan, Peter J. P.; Barrett, Reginald H. 1995. Elk and deer diets in a coastal prairie-scrub mosaic, California. Journal of Range Management. 48(4): 327-335. [25705]

38. Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 1392 p. [1603]

39. Green, Douglas M.; Kauffman, J. Boone. 1995. Succession and livestock grazing in a northeastern Oregon riparian ecosystem. Journal of Range Management. 48(4): 307-313. [25925]

40. Hansen, Robert Bruce. 1986. The effect of fire and fire frequency on grassland species composition in California's Tulare Basin. Fresno, CA: California State University, Fresno. 133 p. Thesis. [27963]

41. Halvorson, William L.; Clark, Ronilee A. 1989. Vegetation and floristics of Pinnacles National Monument. Tech. Rep. No. 34. Davis, CA: University of California at Davis, Institute of Ecology, Cooperative National Park Resources Study Unit. 113 p. [11883]

42. Harrington, H. D. 1964. Manual of the plants of Colorado. 2d ed. Chicago: The Swallow Press Inc. 666 p. [6851]

43. Heady, Harold F. 1961. Continuous vs. specialized grazing systems: a review and application to the California annual type. Journal of Range Management. 14: 182-193. [28354]

44. Heady, Harold F. 1973. Burning and the grasslands in California. In: Komarek, Edwin V., Sr., technical coordinator. Proceedings, annual Tall timbers fire ecology conference; 1972 June 8-9; Lubbock, TX. Number 12. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 97-107. [8463]

45. Heady, Harold F. 1977. Valley grassland. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley and Sons: 491-514. [7215]

46. Heady, H. F.; Bartolome, J. W.; Pitt, M. D.; [and others]. 1992. California prairie. In: Coupland, R. T., ed. Natural grasslands: Introduction and western hemisphere. Ecosystems of the World 8A. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers B. V: 313-335. [23831]

47. Heady, Harold F.; Foin, Theodore C.; Hektner, Mary M.; [and others]. 1977. Coastal prairie and northern coastal scrub. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley and Sons: 733-760. [7211]

48. Hervey, Donald F. 1949. Reaction of a California annual-plant community to fire. Journal of Range Management. 2: 116-121. [1140]

49. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p. [21992]

50. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 730 p. [1168]

51. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur; Ownbey, Marion. 1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 1: Vascular cryptograms, gymnosperms, and monocotyledons. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 914 p. [1169]

52. Hoover, Robert Francis. 1935. Character and distribution of the primitive vegetation of the San Joaquin Valley. Berkeley, CA:University of California, Berkeley. 78 p. M.A. thesis. [28553]

53. Hull, A. C., Jr. 1973. Germination of range plant seeds after long periods of uncontrolled storage. Journal of Range Management. 26(3): 198-200. [18728]

54. Hulten, Eric. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1008 p. [13403]

55. Jain, S. K. 1982. Variation and adaptive role of seed dormancy in some annual grassland species. Botanical Gazette. 143 (1): 101-106. [28554]

56. Kartesz, John T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Volume II--thesaurus. 2nd ed. Portland, OR: Timber Press. 816 p. [23878]

57. Kay, Burgess L. 1987. Modifications of seedbeds with natural and artificial mulches. In: Frasier, Gary W.; Evans, Raymond A., eds. Proceedings of symposium: "Seed and seedbed ecology of rangeland plants"; 1987 April 21-23; Tucson, AZ. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: 221-224. [3851]

58. Kay, Burgess L.; Love, R. Morton; Slayback, Robert D. 1981. Discussion: revegetation with native grasses. I. A disappointing history. Fremontia. 9(3): 11-14. [28356]

59. Keeley, Jon E. 1981. Reproductive cycles and fire regimes. In: Mooney, H. A.; Bonnicksen, T. M.; Christensen, N. L.; [and others], technical coordinators. Fire regimes and ecosystem properties: Proceedings of the conference; 1978 December 11-15; Honolulu, HI. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-26. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 231-277. [4395]

60. Keeley, Jon E. 1990. The California valley grassland. In: Schoenherr, Allan A., ed. Endangered plant communities of southern California: Proceedings of the 15th annual symposium; 1989 October 28; Fullerton, CA. Special Publication No. 3. Claremont, CA: Southern California Botanists: 2-23. [21317]

61. Keeley, Jon E.; Keeley, Sterling C. 1984. Postfire recovery of California coastal sage scrub. The American Midland Naturalist. 111(1): 105-117. [5587]

62. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. United States [Potential natural vegetation of the conterminous United States]. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 1:3,168,000; colored. [3455]

63. Lambinion, J. 1981. Proposition de rejet des noms Aegilops ovata L., Bromus hordeaceus L., Carex muricata L., Crataegus X media Bechst., Crataegus oxyacantha L., Dipsacus fullonum L., Eurphorbia verrucosa L., Medicago polymorpha L., Phleum exartum Hochst. ex Grisb., Potamogeton pusillus L., Salix X smithiana Willd., Spergularia media (L.) C. Presl (=Arenaria media L.) et Vulpia membranacea (L.) Dum. (=Stipa membranacea (L.) Taxon. 30(1): 362. [28355]

64. Langstrotii, Robert Peter. 1991. Fire and grazing ecology of Stipa pulchra grassland: a field study at Jepson Prairie, California. Davis, CA: University of California. 75 p. Thesis. [27349]

65. Lathrop, Earl; Martin, Bradford. 1982. Fire ecology of deergrass (Muhlenbergia rigens) in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park, California. Crossosoma. Claremont, CA: Southern California Botantists, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden. 8(5): 1-10; December. [28357]

66. Laude, Horton M. 1957. Growth of the annual grass plant in response to herbage removal. Journal of Range Management. 10(1): 37-39. [28358]

67. Martens, Ellen; Palmquist, Debra; Young, James A. 1994. Temperature profiles for germination of cheatgrass versus native perennial bunchgrasses. In: Monsen, Stephen B.; Kitchen, Stanley G., compilers. Proceedings--ecology and management of annual rangelands; 1992 May 18-22; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-313. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 238-243. [24289]

68. McBride, Joe; Heady, Harold F. 1968. Invasion of grassland by Baccaris pilularis DC. Journal of Range Management. 21: 106-108. [28359]

69. McClaran, Mitchel P. 1981. Propagating native perennial grasses. Fremontia. 9(1): 21-23. [28360]

70. McKell, Cyrus M.; Wilson, Alma M.; Kay, B. L. 1962. Effective burning of rangelands infested with medusahead. Weeds. 10(2): 125-131. [1617]

71. McNaughton, S. J. 1968. Structure and function in California grasslands. Ecology. 49: 962-972. [28361]

72. National Academy of Sciences. 1971. Atlas of nutritional data on United States and Canadian feeds. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. 772 p. [1731]

73. Parker, Kenneth William. 1929. Growth of Stipa pulchra and Bromus hordeaceus as influenced by herbage removal. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley. 31 p. M.S. thesis. [28362]

74. Parsons, David J.; Stohlgren, Thomas J. 1989. Effects of varying fire regimes on annual grasslands in the southern Sierra Nevada of California. Madrono. 36(3): 154-168. [9244]

75. Radford, Albert E.; Ahles, Harry E.; Bell, C. Ritchie. 1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press. 1183 p. [7606]

76. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843]

77. Riegel, Gregg M.; Smith, Bradley G.; Franklin, Jerry F. 1992. Foothill oak woodlands of the interior valleys of southwestern Oregon. Northwest Science. 66(2): 66-76. [18470]

78. Robinson, Richard Hayes. 1971. An analysis of ecological factors limiting the distribution of a group of Stipa pulchra associations. Korean Journal of Botany. 14(3): 61-80. [28363]

79. Sampson, Arthur W. 1944. Plant succession on burned chaparral lands in northern California. Bull. 65. Berkeley, CA: University of California, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station. 144 p. [2050]

80. Sampson, Arthur W.; Chase, Agnes; Hedrick, Donald W. 1951. California grasslands and range forage grasses. Bull. 724. Berkeley, CA: University of California College of Agriculture, California Agricultural Experiment Station. 125 p. [2052]

81. Sapsis, David B. 1990. Ecological effects of spring and fall prescribed burning on basin big sagebrush/Idaho fescue--bluebunch wheatgrass communities. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University. 105 p. Thesis. [16579]

82. Seymour, Frank Conkling. 1982. The flora of New England. 2d ed. Phytologia Memoirs 5. Plainfield, NJ: Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke. 611 p. [7604]

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86. Tappeiner, John C., II; McDonald, Philip M.; Roy, Douglass F. 1990. Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehd. tanoak. In: Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H., technical coordinators. Silvics of North America. Volume 2. Hardwoods. Agric. Handb. 654. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 417-425. [13969]

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