| | |
 |
|
| 
| ||
 |
|
|
|
 |
|
Wildlife, Animals, and Plants |
|
|||
|
DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:Bottlebrush squirreltail is found from British Columbia to Saskatchewan, south throughout the western and central United States and into Mexico [200]. The PLANTS database provides a distributional map for bottlebrush squirreltail. Elymus elymoides ssp. brevifolius occurs in the San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges, Modoc Plateau, and Mojave Desert of California to Oregon, the Great Plains and south to northern Mexico. Elymus elymoides ssp. californicus is found in the Klamath Range, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, east Sierra Nevada of California to Washington, Montana and Utah. Elymus elymoides ssp. elymoides is found in the Transverse Ranges, San Jacinto Mountains, and Great Basin floristic Province from California to Washington, Wyoming and Colorado. Elymus elymoides ssp. hordeoides occurs in Klamath Range from California to Washington and Nevada.
ECOSYSTEMS [80]:FRES20 Douglas-fir FRES21 Ponderosa pine FRES23 Fir-spruce FRES26 Lodgepole pine FRES28 Western hardwoods FRES29 Sagebrush FRES30 Desert shrub FRES32 Texas savanna FRES33 Southwestern shrubsteppe FRES34 Chaparral-mountain shrub FRES35 Pinyon-juniper FRES36 Mountain grasslands FRES38 Plains grasslands FRES40 Desert grasslands FRES44 Alpine
STATES:
BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS [22]:3 Southern Pacific Border 4 Sierra Mountains 5 Columbia Plateau 6 Upper Basin and Range 7 Lower Basin and Range 8 Northern Rocky Mountains 9 Middle Rocky Mountains 10 Wyoming Basin 11 Southern Rocky Mountains 12 Colorado Plateau 13 Rocky Mountain Piedmont 14 Great Plains 15 Black Hills Uplift
KUCHLER [121] PLANT ASSOCIATIONS:K005 Mixed conifer forest K007 Red fir forest K008 Lodgepole pine-subalpine forest K010 Ponderosa shrub forest K011 Western ponderosa forest K012 Douglas-fir forest K016 Eastern ponderosa forest K017 Black Hills pine forest K018 Pine-Douglas-fir forest K019 Arizona pine forest K020 Spruce-fir-Douglas-fir forest K021 Southwestern spruce-fir forest K022 Great Basin pine forest K023 Juniper-pinyon woodland K024 Juniper steppe woodland K026 Oregon oakwoods K030 California oakwoods K031 Oak-juniper woodland K032 Transition between K031 and K037 K037 Mountain-mahogany-oak scrub K038 Great Basin sagebrush K039 Blackbrush K040 Saltbush-greasewood K041 Creosotebush K046 Desert: vegetation largely lacking K050 Fescue-wheatgrass K052 Alpine meadows and barren K053 Grama-galleta steppe K054 Grama-tobosa prairie K055 Sagebrush steppe K056 Wheatgrass-needlegrass shrubsteppe K057 Galleta-threeawn shrubsteppe K059 Trans-Pecos shrub savanna K060 Mesquite savanna K064 Grama-needlegrass-wheatgrass K065 Grama-buffalo grass K066 Wheatgrass-needlegrass K085 Mesquite-buffalo grass K086 Juniper-oak savanna
SAF COVER TYPES [71]:66 Ashe juniper-redberry (Pinchot) juniper 68 Mesquite 207 Red fir 209 Bristlecone pine 210 Interior Douglas-fir 217 Aspen 218 Lodgepole pine 220 Rocky Mountain juniper 229 Pacific Douglas-fir 237 Interior ponderosa pine 238 Western juniper 239 Pinyon-juniper 241 Western live oak 242 Mesquite 243 Sierra Nevada mixed conifer 244 Pacific ponderosa pine-Douglas-fir 246 California black oak 250 Blue oak-foothills pine 256 California mixed subalpine
SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES [176]:101 Bluebunch wheatgrass 102 Idaho fescue 104 Antelope bitterbrush-bluebunch wheatgrass 105 Antelope bitterbrush-Idaho fescue 106 Bluegrass scabland 107 Western juniper/big sagebrush/bluebunch wheatgrass 108 Alpine Idaho fescue 109 Ponderosa pine shrubland 110 Ponderosa pine-grassland 201 Blue oak woodland 207 Scrub oak mixed chaparral 210 Bitterbrush 211 Creosotebush scrub 212 Blackbush 301 Bluebunch wheatgrass-blue grama 310 Needle-and-thread-blue grama 314 Big sagebrush-bluebunch wheatgrass 315 Big sagebrush-Idaho fescue 318 Bitterbrush-Idaho fescue 320 Black sagebrush-bluebunch wheatgrass 321 Black sagebrush-Idaho fescue 322 Curlleaf mountain-mahogany-bluebunch wheatgrass 401 Basin big sagebrush 403 Wyoming big sagebrush 405 Black sagebrush 406 Low sagebrush 407 Stiff sagebrush 408 Other sagebrush types 409 Tall forb 410 Alpine rangeland 412 Juniper-pinyon woodland 413 Gambel oak 414 Salt desert shrub 415 Curlleaf mountain-mahogany 416 True mountain-mahogany 417 Littleleaf mountain-mahogany 501 Saltbush-greasewood 502 Grama-galleta 503 Arizona chaparral 504 Juniper-pinyon pine woodland 509 Transition between oak-juniper woodland and mahogany-oak association 607 Wheatgrass-needlegrass 611 Blue grama-buffalo grass 612 Sagebrush-grass 614 Crested wheatgrass 615 Wheatgrass-saltgrass-grama 704 Blue grama-western wheatgrass 712 Galleta-alkali sacaton 713 Grama-muhly-threeawn 714 Grama-bluestem 715 Grama-buffalo grass 718 Mesquite-grama 727 Mesquite-buffalo grass 735 Sideoats grama-sumac-juniper
HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES:Bottlebrush squirreltail is a common component of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.)/grass communities of the Intermountain shrubsteppe [109,212]. Within rangelands of Utah, Nevada, southern Idaho, and western Wyoming, bottlebrush squirreltail commonly grows under and adjacent to shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia), black greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus), and green rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus) [161]. Bottlebrush squirreltail is a common component of pinyon-juniper (Pinus spp.-Juniperus spp.) communities of the Great Basin. It occurs mostly within the mountain ranges of Nevada and Utah, and to a lesser extent in California and Idaho [191]. Arizona: Bottlebrush squirreltail occurs in northern desert shrub communities [137] and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests [39,137]. Within aspen (Populus tremuloides)-bunchgrass communities of northern Arizona, bottlebrush squirreltail commonly occurs with Arizona fescue (Festuca arizonica), mountain muhly (Muhlenbergia montana), western yarrow (Achillea millefolium), lupine (Lupinus spp.), fleabane (Erigeron spp.) and American vetch (Vicia americana) [86]. Bottlebrush squirreltail is occasionally found in openings and under shrub canopies within shrub live oak (Quercus turbinella)-mixed shrub communities [173]. California: Bottlebrush squirreltail is native to California's central valley and is commonly associated with purple tussock grass (Nassella pulchra), nodding tussock grass (N. cernua), smallflower tussockgrass (N. lepida), and shooting star (Dodecatheon spp.) [14]. It is a minor component of blue oak (Quercus douglasii) [28,126] and interior live oak (Q. wislizenii) habitats [126]. Within sagebrush scrub of the White Mountains, prairie Junegrass (Koeleria macrantha), muhly (Muhlenbergia spp.) and timberline bluegrass (Poa glauca spp. rupicola) are common associates [130]. Within alluvial fans of desert shrub communities, bottlebrush squirreltail is commonly associated with Indian ricegrass (Achnatherum hymenoides) and desert needlegrass (A. speciosum). Shrub associates of bottlebrush squirreltail include California jointfir (Ephedra californica), goldenfleece (Ericameria arborescens), white burrobrush (Hymenoclea salsola), and purple sage (Salvia dorrii) [135]. Bottlebrush squirreltail occasionally occurs in alpine flora of the Sierra Nevada eastern slope [40]. It is also an occasional understory species of California red fir (Abies magnifica) forests in the Sierra Nevada [155]. Colorado: Bottlebrush squirreltail is a member of north-central Colorado's short-grass prairie [45,57,175]. Within the short-grass prairie, bottlebrush squirreltail is commonly associated with western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), purple threeawn (Aristida purpurea), sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides), and needle-and-thread grass (Hesperostipa comata) [57]. It occurs in blue grama ranges of Colorado along with sun sedge (Carex heliophila), sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus), and purple threeawn [139]. Within Colorado pinyon-Utah juniper (Pinus edulis-Juniperus osteosperma) habitats of Colorado, bottlebrush squirreltail is associated with Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), Utah serviceberry (Amelanchier utahensis), true mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus), fendlerbush (Fendlera rupicola), banana yucca (Yucca baccata), and antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata). Grass associates include cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), Indian ricegrass, mutton grass (Poa fendleriana), and brome grasses (Bromus spp.) [67]. Bottlebrush squirreltail is an occasional associate of Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata) [162]. Idaho: Bottlebrush squirreltail is a dominant species in shadscale communities of south-central Idaho [174], along with Indian ricegrass [189]. Montana: Bottlebrush squirreltail generally occurs as scattered plants on rangelands [150]. In the eastern plains of Montana, bottlebrush squirreltail is a dominant species of saline rangelands in association with alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides), western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus), inland saltgrass (Distichlis stricta), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda), and basin wildrye (Leymus cinereus). Shrub associates include black greasewood and Nuttall's saltbush (Atriplex nuttallii). Nevada: Bottlebrush squirreltail occurs in gray low sagebrush (Artemisia arbuscula ssp. arbuscula) and big sagebrush (A. tridentata) communities. Principal grass associates include cheatgrass [24], Sandberg bluegrass [24,25], bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), and Thurber needlegrass (Achnatherum thurberianum). Common shrub associates include green rabbitbrush and gray horsebrush (Tetradymia canescens). Forb associates include bird's-beak (Cordylanthus ramosus), mourning milkvetch (Astragalus atratus), woollypod milkvetch (Astragalus purshii), desert yellow fleabane (Erigeron linearis), lava aster (Lonactis alpina), Heerman's buckwheat (Eriogonum heermanii), tail cup lupine (Lupinus caudatus) and phlox (Phlox longifolia) [25]. In northeastern Nevada bottlebrush squirreltail is commonly found with black sagebrush (Artemisia nova) [107,219], shadscale, Nevada ephedra (Ephedra nevadensis), Sandberg bluegrass and Indian ricegrass [107]. Bottlebrush squirreltail also occurs in shadscale communities [24,145]. Common shrub associates include green molly (Kochia americana), winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata), budsage (Artemisia spinescens) and spiny hopsage (Grayia spinosa ) [145]. Common grass associates are cheatgrass, Indian ricegrass [24] and galleta (Pleuraphis jamesii) [145]. Several common forb associates are salt lover (Halogeton glomeratus), Adonis blazingstar (Mentzelia multiflora) and gooseberryleaf globemallow (Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia). Bottlebrush squirreltail is also common to juniper (Juniperus spp.) and greasewood communities [24]. Bottlebrush squirreltail is found in Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) rangelands of Nevada [23]. Oregon: Eastern Oregon grass associates of bottlebrush squirreltail include bluebunch wheatgrass, prairie Junegrass [31], Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis), Thurber needlegrass [31,59], Sandberg bluegrass and cheatgrass. Common forbs include Hood's phlox (Phlox hoodii) and maiden blue eyed Mary (Collinsia parviflora) [59]. Bottlebrush squirreltail occurs in lodgepole pine stands in the Cascades of Oregon [61], along with western needlegrass (Achnatherum occidentale) and Ross' sedge (Carex rossii) [65]. Texas: In western Texas bottlebrush squirreltail occurs in Pinchot juniper (Juniperus pinchotii) rangelands with sideoats grama, buffalo grass, slim tridens (Tridens muticus), awnless bushsunflower (Simsia calva) and plains fleabane (Erigeron modestus) [143]. Utah: Bottlebrush squirreltail is common in salt-desert shrub ranges along with the shrubs shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia), mat saltbush (A. corrugata), fourwing saltbush (A. canescens), valley saltbush (A. cunneata), greasewood, winterfat, spiny hopsage, budsage, black sagebrush and green rabbitbrush. Common grasses include Indian ricegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, galleta, alkali sacaton, sand dropseed, and blue grama. Bottlebrush squirreltail is also found in pinyon-juniper woodlands [29], ponderosa pine savannas [148] along with dry Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and mixed conifer habitats [29]. Wyoming: Bottlebrush squirreltail commonly occurs in big sagebrush steppe along with aspen, big sagebrush, mountain snowberry (Symphoricarpos oreophilus), Utah serviceberry, rose (Rosa spp.), Scouler's willow (Salix scouleriana), and Oregon-grape (Mahonia repens). Common forb associates include rosy pussytoes (Antennaria microphylla), arrowleaf buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum), pineywoods geranium (Geranium caespitosum) and northern bedstraw (Galium boreale). Graminoid associates include needle-and-thread grass, Columbia needlegrass (Achnatherum nelsonii), and elk sedge (Carex geyeri) [36]. Classifications describing plant communities in which bottlebrush squirreltail is a dominant species are as follows: Idaho [97] California [218] Colorado [119] New Mexico [94,146] Nevada [24,25,107,125,192,221] Oregon [59,101,197] Utah [151,203] Wyoming [186]
Related categories for SPECIES: Elymus elymoides | Bottlebrush Squirreltail |
 |
 | |
| |
| |
| Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. | |
| |
|
About Us | Contact Us | Terms of Use | Privacy | Links Directory |
| 1Up Info All Rights reserved. Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution. |
