References for species: Eriophorum vaginatum

1. Ahti, T. 1959. Studies on the caribou lichen stands of Newfoundland. Annals of the Botanical Society. Vanamo. 30(4): 1-44. [18901]

2. Bliss, L. C. 1988. Arctic tundra and polar desert biome. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Billings, William Dwight, eds. North American terrestrial vegetation. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press: 1-32. [13877]

3. Bliss, L. C.; Wein, R. W. 1972. Plant community responses to disturbances in the western Canadian Arctic. Canadian Journal of Botany. 50: 1097-1109. [14877]

4. Calmes, Mary A. 1976. Vegetation pattern of bottomland bogs in the Fairbanks area, Alaska. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska. 104 p. Thesis. [14785]

5. Chapin, F. S., III; McGraw, J. B.; Shaver, G. R. 1989. Competition causes regular spacing of alder in Alaskan shrub tundra. Oecologia. 79: 412-416. [8736]

6. Chapin, F. Stuart, III; Slack, Mari. 1979. Effect of defoliation upon root growth, phosphate absorption and respiration in nutrient-limited tundra graminoids. Oecologia. 42: 67-79. [21029]

7. Chapin, F. S., III; Shaver, G. R.; Kedrowski, R. A. 1986. Environmental controls over carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus fractions in Eriophorum vaginatum in Alaskan tussock tundra. Journal of Ecology. 4: 167-195. [21028]

8. Chester, Ann L.; Shaver, G. R. 1982. Reproductive effort in cotton grass tussock tundra. Holarctic Ecology. 5: 200-206. [21043]

9. Dyrness, C. T.; Grigal, D. F. 1979. Vegetation-soil relationships along a spruce forest transect in interior Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany. 57: 2644-2656. [12488]

10. Ebersole, James J. 1987. Short-term vegetation recovery at an Alaskan arctic coastal plain site. Arctic and Alpine Research. 19(4): 442-450. [9476]

11. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]

12. Famous, Norman C.; Spencer, M. 1989. Revegetation patterns in mined peatlands in central and eastern North America studied. Restoration and Management Notes. 7(2): 95-96. [10171]

13. Fetcher, Ned; Beatty, Thomas F.; Mullinax, Ben; Winkler, Daniel S. 1984. Changes in arctic tussock tundra thirteen years after fire. Ecology. 65(4): 1332-1333. [7234]

14. Fetcher, Ned; Shaver, Gaius R. 1982. Growth and tillering patterns within tussocks of Eriophorum vaginatum. Holarctic Ecology. 5: 180-186. [21042]

15. Fetcher, Ned; Shaver, G. R. 1983. Life histories of tillers of Eriophorum vaginatum in relation to tundra disturbance. Journal of Ecology. 71: 131-147. [17741]

16. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998]

17. Gartner, Barbara L.; Chapin, F. Stuart, III; Shaver, Gaius R. 1983. Demographic patterns of seedling establishment and growth of native graminoids in an Alaskan tundra disturbance. Journal of Applied Ecology. 20: 965-980. [18037]

18. Gartner, B. L.; Chapin, F. S., III; Shaver, G. R. 1986. Reproduction of Eriophorum vaginatum by seed in Alaskan tussock tundra. Journal of Ecology. 74: 1-18. [21027]

19. Gleason, Henry A.; Cronquist, Arthur. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. 910 p. [20329]

20. Grant, S. A.; Torvell, L.; Smith, H. K.; [and others]. 1987. Comparative studies of diet selection by sheep and cattle: blanket bog and heather moor. Journal of Ecology. 75: 947-960. [21037]

21. Hanson, Herbert C. 1953. Vegetation types in northwestern Alaska and comparisons with communities in other arctic regions. Ecology. 34(1): 111-140. [9781]

22. Hobbs, R. J. 1984. Length of burning rotation and community composition in high-level Calluna-Eriophorum bog in northern England. Vegetatio. 57: 129-136. [19864]

23. Hobbs, R. J.; Gimingham, C. H. 1980. Some effects of fire and grazing on heath vegetation. Bulletin D' Ecologie. 11(3): 709-715. [19855]

24. Hopkins, D. M.; Sigafoos, R. S. 1950. Frost action and vegetation patterns on Seward Peninsula, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 974-C: 51-101. [20983]

25. Hulten, Eric. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1008 p. [13403]

26. Keatinge, T. H. 1975. Plant community dynamics in wet heathland. Journal of Ecology. 63: 163-172. [21122]

27. Kelso, Sylvia. 1989. Vascular flora and phytogeography of Cape Prince of Wales, Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany. 67: 3248-3259. [9906]

28. Klein, David. 1979. Wildfire, lichens and caribou. In: Hoefs, M.; Russell, D., eds. Wildlife and wildfire: Proceedings of workshop; 1979 November 27-28; Whitehorse, YT. Whitehorse, YT: Yukon Wildlife Branch: 37-65. [14074]

29. Klein, David R. 1982. Fire, lichens, and caribou. Journal of Range Management. 35(3): 390-395. [10898]

30. Koch, George W.; Bloom, Arnold J.; Chapin, F. Stuart, III. 1991. Ammonium and nitrate as nitrogen sources in two Eriophorum species. Oecologia. 88: 570-573. [21030]

31. Kroehler, C. J.; Linkins, A. E. 1991. The absorption of inorganic phosphate from P-labeled inositol hexaphosphate by Eriophorum vaginatum. Oecologia. 85: 424-428. [21026]

32. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384]

33. Kudish, Michael. 1992. Adirondack upland flora: an ecological perspective. Saranac, NY: The Chauncy Press. 320 p. [19377]

34. Kummerow, Jochen; Mills, James N.; Ellis, Barbara A.; Kummerow, Andre. 1988. Growth dynamics of cotton-grass (Eriophorum vaginatum). Canadian Journal of Botany. 66: 253-256. [21033]

35. Mark, A. F.; Chapin, F. S., III. 1989. Seasonal control over allocation to reproduction in a tussock-forming and a rhizomatous species of Eriophorum in central Alaska. Oecologia. 78: 27-34. [21031]

36. Mark, A. F.; Fetcher, Ned; Shaver, G. R.; Chapin, F. S., III. 1985. Estimated ages of mature tussocks of Eriophorum vaginatum along a latitudinal gradient in central Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research. 17(1): 1-5. [21025]

37. McGraw, J. B.; Shaver, G. R. 1982. Seedling density and seedling survival in Alaskan cotton grass tussock tundra. Holarctic Ecology. 5: 212-217. [21041]

38. McGraw, J. B.; Vavrek, M. C.; Bennington, C. C. 1991. Ecological genetic variation in seed banks. I. Establishment of a time transect. Journal of Ecology. 79(3): 617-625. [20205]

39. Moorhead, Daryl L.; Kroehler, Carolyn J.; Linkins, A. E.; Reynolds, James F. 1993. Extracellular acid phosphatase activities in Eriophorum vaginatum tussocks: a modeling synthesis. Arctic and Alpine Research. 25(1): 50-55. [21194]

40. Moss, E. H. 1959. Flora of Alberta. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 546 p. [8948]

41. Murray, Carole; Miller, Philip C. 1982. Phenological observations of major plant growth forms and species in montane and Eriophorum vaginatum tussock tundra in central Alaska. Holarctic Ecology. 5: 109-116. [21044]

42. Norum, Rodney A. 1983. Wind adjustment factors for predicting fire behavior in three fuel types in Alaska. Res. Pap. PNW-309. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 5 p. [14618]

43. Pulliainen, Erkki; Tunkkari, Paavo S. 1991. Responses by the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus, and the willow grouse Lagopus lagopus, to the green matter available in early spring. Holarctic Ecology. 14: 156-160. [21038]

44. Racine, Charles H. 1979. The 1977 tundra fires in the Seward Peninsula, Alaska: effects and initial revegetation. BLM-Alaska Technical Report 4. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Alaska State Office. 51 p. [8330]

45. Racine, Charles H.; Johnson, Lawrence A.; Viereck, Leslie A. 1987. Patterns of vegetation recovery after tundra fires in northwestern Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic and Alpine Research. 19(4): 461-469. [6114]

46. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843]

47. Roland, A. E.; Smith, E. C. 1969. The flora of Nova Scotia. Halifax, NS: Nova Scotia Museum. 746 p. [13158]

48. Scotter, George W. 1972. Chemical composition of forage plants from the Reindeer Preserve, Northwest Territories. Arctic. 25(1): 21-27. [16563]

49. Seymour, Frank Conkling. 1982. The flora of New England. 2d ed. Phytologia Memoirs 5. Plainfield, NJ: Harold N. Moldenke and Alma L. Moldenke. 611 p. [7604]

50. Stanek, W.; Alexander, K.; Simmons, C. S. 1981. Reconnaissance of vegetation and soils along the Dempster Highway, Yukon Territory: I. Vegetation types. BC-X-217. Victoria, BC: Environment Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forest Research Centre. 32 p. [16526]

51. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 10 p. [20090]

52. Sylvester, T. W.; Wein, Ross W. 1981. Fuel characteristics of arctic plant species and simulated plant community flammability by Rothermel's model. Canadian Journal of Botany. 59: 898-907. [17685]

53. Tallis, J. H. 1964. Studies on southern Pennine peats. I. The general pollen record. Journal of Ecology. 52: 323-331. [21133]

54. Tieszen, Larry L.; Archer, Steve. 1979. Physiological responses of plants in tundra grazing systems. In: Johnson, D. A., ed. Special management needs of alpine ecosystems. Range Science Series No. 5. Denver, CO: The Society for Range Management: 22-42. [21124]

55. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982. National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names. SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p. [11573]

56. Salonen, Veikko; Penttinen, Antti; Sarkka, Aila. 1992. Plant colonization of a bare peat surface: population changes and spatial patterns. [Journal name unknown]. ?: 113-118. [21040]

57. Viereck, L. A.; Dyrness, C. T.; Batten, A. R.; Wenzlick, K. J. 1992. The Alaska vegetation classification. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-286. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 278 p. [2431]

58. Viereck, L. A.; Dyrness, C. T.; Batten, A. R.; Wenzlick, K. J. 1992. The Alaska vegetation classification. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-286. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 278 p. [2431]

59. Vogl, Richard J. 1964. The effects of fire on a muskeg in northern Wisconsin. Journal of Wildlife Management. 28(2): 317-329. [12170]

60. Vogl, Richard J. 1967. Controlled burning for wildlife in Wisconsin. In: Proceedings, 6th annual Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference; 1967 March 6-7; Tallahassee, FL. No. 6. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 47-96. [18726]

61. Wein, R. W. 1974. Recovery of vegetation in arctic regions after burning. Rep. 74-6. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Task Force on Northern Oil Development. 41 p. [13001]

62. Wein, Ross W.; Bliss, L. C. 1973. Changes in Arctic Eriophorum tussock communities following fire. Ecology. 54(4): 845-852. [9827]

63. Wein, Ross W.; Bliss, L. C. 1974. Primary production in arctic cottongrass tussock tundra communities. Arctic and Alpine Research. 6(3): 261-274. [21035]

64. Wein, Ross W.; MacLean, D. A. 1973. Cotton grass (Eriophorum vaginatum) germination requirements and colonizing potential in the Arctic. Canadian Journal of Botany. 51: 2509-2513. [21036]

65. Archer, S.; Tieszen, L. L. 1983. Effects of simulated grazing on foliage and root production and biomass allocation in an arctic tundra sedge (Eriophorum vaginatum). Oecologia. 58(1): 92-102. [21125]

66. Racine, Charles H. 1981. Tundra fire effects on soils and three plant communities along a hill-slope gradient in the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Arctic. 34(1): 71-84. [7233]

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