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REFERENCES

SPECIES: Lolium multiflorum | Italian Ryegrass
REFERENCES : 1. Ashby, William C.; Hellmers, Henry. 1955. Temperature requirements for germination in relations to wild-land seeding. Journal of Range Management. 8: 80-83. [25198] 2. Barro, Susan C.; Conard, Susan G. 1987. Use of ryegrass seeding as an emergency revegetation measure in chaparral ecosystems. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-102. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 12 p. [4257] 3. Bentley, Jay R. 1967. Conversion of chaparral areas to grassland: techniques used in California. Agric. Handb. 328. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 35 p. [195] 4. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434] 5. Beyers, Jan L.; Wakeman, Carla; Conard, Susan G. 1993. Effects of seeding chaparral burns with annual ryegrass on herbaceous plant cover and species diversity. In: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America (Supplement). 74(2): 163. [Abstract]. [22948] 6. Biswell, H. H. 1956. Ecology of California grasslands. Journal of Forestry. 9: 19-24. [11182] 7. Biswell, Harold H. 1974. Effects of fire on chaparral. In: Kozlowski, T. T.; Ahlgren, C. E., eds. Fire and ecosystems. New York: Academic Press: 321-364. [14547] 8. Charmet, G.; Balfourier, F. 1994. Isozyme variation and species relationships in the Lolium L. (ryegrasses, Graminaceae). Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 87(6): 641-649. [25202] 9. Conard, S. G.; Regelbrugge, J. C.; Wills, R. D. 1991. Preliminary effects of ryegrass seeding on postfire establishment of natural vegetation in two California ecosystems. In: Andrews, Patricia L.; Potts, Donald F., eds. Proceedings, 11th annual conference on fire and forest meteorology; 1991 April 16-19; Missoula, MT. SAF Publication 91-04. Bethesda, MD: Society of American Foresters: 314-321. [16180] 10. Conrad, C. Eugene. 1979. Emergency postfire seeding using annual grass. CHAPS Newsletter. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Forestry, Chaparral Research and Development Program. March: 5-8. [17096] 11. DeBano, Leonard F.; Conrad, C. Eugene. 1974. Effect of a wetting agent and nitrogen fertilizer on establishment of ryegrass and mustard on a burned watershed. Journal of Range Management. 27(1): 57-60. [5679] 12. Densmore, Roseann V.; Dalle-Molle, Lois; Holmes, Katherine E. 1990. Restoration of alpine and subalpine plant communities in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, U.S.A. In: Hughes, H. Glenn; Bonnicksen, Thomas M., eds. Restoration `89: the new management challange: Proceedings, 1st annual meeting of the Society for Ecological Restoration; 1989 January 16-20; Oakland, CA. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Arboretum, Society for Ecological Restoration: 509-519. [14720] 13. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806] 14. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905] 15. Facelli, Jose M.; D'Angela, Evelina; Leon, Rolando J. C. 1987. Diversity changes during pioneer stages in a subhumid pampean grassland succession. American Midland Naturalist. 117(1): 17-25. [25195] 16. Fiedler, Peggy Lee; Leidy, Robert A. 1987. Plant communities of Ring Mountain Preserve, Marin County, California. Madrono. 34(3): 173-192. [4068] 17. Frakes, Rod V. 1973. The ryegrasses. In: Heath, M. E.; Metcalfe, D. S.; Barnes, R. F., eds. Forages, the science of grassland management. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press: 307-313. [19533] 18. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998] 19. Gautier, Clayton R. 1983. Sedimentation in burned chaparral watersheds: is emergency revegetation justified?. Water Resources Bulletin. 19(5): 793-802. [4633] 20. Gleason, Henry A.; Cronquist, Arthur. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. 910 p. [20329] 21. Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 1392 p. [1603] 22. Green, Lisle R. 1977. Fuelbreaks and other fuel modifications for wildland fire control. Agric. Handb. 499. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 79 p. [10511] 23. Griffin, James R. 1982. Pine seedlings, native ground cover, and Lolium multiflorum on the Marble-Cone burn, Santa Lucia Range, California. Madrono. 29(3): 177-188. [4935] 24. Gulmon, S. L. 1979. Competition and coexistence: three annual grass species. American Midland Naturalist. 101(2): 403-416. [22415] 25. Hafenrichter, A. L.; Schwendiman, John L.; Harris, Harold L.; [and others]. 1968. Grasses and legumes for soil conservation in the Pacific Northwest and Great Basin states. Agric. Handb. 339. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 69 p. [18604] 26. Halpern, Charles B.; Frenzen, Peter M.; Means, Joseph E.; Franklin, Jerry F. 1990. Plant succession in areas of scorched and blown-down forest after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington. Journal of Vegetation Science. 1: 181-194. [13191] 27. Hassan, Gul; Mueller-Warrant, George W.; Griffith, Stephen M. 1992. Fenoxaprop tolerance among Italian ryegrass cultivars is due in part to differences in ACCase. In: Lym, Rodney G., ed. Proceedings, Western Society of Weed Science; 1992 March 10-12; Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 45. [Place of publication unknown]. Western Society of Weed Science: 123-127. [20620] 28. Heady, Harold F. 1977. Valley grassland. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley and Sons: 491-514. [7215] 29. Hellmers, Henry; Ashby, William C. 1958. Growth of native and exotic plants under controlled temperatures and in the San Gabriel Mountains California. Ecology. 39(3): 416-428. [19679] 30. Hervey, Donald F. 1949. Reaction of a California annual-plant community to fire. Journal of Range Management. 2: 116-121. [1140] 31. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p. [21992] 32. Hides, D. H.; Kute, C. A.; Marshall, A. H. 1993. Seed development and seed yield potential of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) populations. Grass and Forage Science. 48(2): 181-188. [25204] 33. Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Manual of the grasses of the United States. Misc. Publ. No. 200. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Administration. 1051 p. [2nd edition revised by Agnes Chase in two volumes. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.]. [1165] 34. Hobbs, R. J.; Mooney, H. A. 1986. Community changes following shrub invasion of grassland. Oecologia. 70: 508-513. [4909] 35. Hulten, Eric. 1968. Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1008 p. [13403] 36. Isselstein, J. 1993. Influence of slight shading, sward density and nitrogen fertilization on yield and nutritive value of Lolium multiflorum Lam. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 170(5): 341-347. [25210] 37. Jansen, Henricus C. 1987. The effect of blue oak removal on herbaceous production on a foothill site in the northern Sierra Nevada. In: Plumb, Timothy R.; Pillsbury, Norman H., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on multiple-use management of California's hardwood resources; 1986 November 12-14; San Luis Obispo, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-100. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 343-350. [5385] 38. Johnson, Mark K.; Schultz, Stephen R. 1992. Technical Note: An evaluation of 4 clovers and Italian ryegrass for white-tailed deer. Journal of Range Management. 45(6): 593-594. [18444] 39. Kannenberg, L. W.; Allard, R. W. 1967. Population studies in predominantly self-pollinated species. VIII. Genetic variability in the Festuca microstachys complex. Evolution. 21: 227-240. [6217] 40. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384] 41. Loos, B. P. 1993. Morphological variation in Lolium (Poaceae) as a measure of species relationships. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 188(1-2): 87-99. [25201] 42. Maranon, T.; Bartolome, J. W. 1993. Reciprocal transplants of herbaceous communities between Quercus agrifolia woodland and adjacent grassland. Journal of Ecology. 81(4): 673-682. [25207] 43. McBride, Joe R. 1974. Plant succession in the Berkeley Hills, California. Madrono. 22(7): 317-380. [18874] 44. Muller, Cornelius H.; Hanawalt, Ronald B.; McPherson, James K. 1968. Allelopathic control of herb growth in the fire cycle of California chaparral. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 95(3): 225-231. [4973] 45. Nadkarni, Nalini M.; Odion, Dennis C. 1986. Effects of seeding an exotic grass Lolium multiflorum on native seedling regeneration following fire in a chaparral community. In: DeVries, Johannes J., ed. Proceedings of the chaparral ecosystems research conference; 1985 May 16-17; Santa Barbara, CA. Report No. 2. Davis, CA: University of California, California Water Resources Center: 115-121. [4831] 46. Odum, Eugene P.; Pomeroy, Steven E.; Dickinson, J. C., III; Hutcheson, Kermit. 1974. The effects of late winter litter burn on the composition, productivity and diversity of a 4-year old fallow-field in Georgia. In: Proceedings, annual Tall Timbers fire ecology conference; 1973 March 22-23; Tallahassee, FL. No. 13. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 399-419. [17413] 47. Papanastiasis, Vasilios. 1976. Factors involved in the decline of annual ryegrass seeded on burned brushlands in California. Journal of Range Management. 29(3): 244-247. [25199] 48. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843] 49. Rechcigl, J. E. 1992. Response of ryegrass to limestone and phosphorus. Journal of Production Agriculture. 5(4): 602-607. [25197] 50. Roberts, H. A. 1981. Seed banks in soils. Applied Biology. 5: 1-55. [2002] 51. Schafer, D. E.; Chilcote, D. O. 1970. Factors influencing persistence & depletion in buried seed populations. II. The effects of soil temperature and moisture. Crop Science. 10: 342-345. [25196] 52. Schultz, A. M.; Biswell, H. H. 1952. Competition between grasses reseeded on burned brushlands in California. Journal of Range Management. 5: 338-345. [16545] 53. Smoliak, S.; Penney, D.; Harper, A. M.; Horricks, J. S. 1981. Alberta forage manual. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Agriculture, Print Media Branch. 87 p. [19538] 54. Stanger, Charles E.; Appleby, Arnold P. 1989. Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) accessions tolerant to dicolfop. Weed Science. 37: 350-352. [25208] 55. Steynberg, R. E.; Nel, P. C.; Rethman, N. F. G. 1994. Soil water use and rooting depth of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in a small plot experiment. South African Journal of Plant and Soil. 11(2): 80-83. [25209] 56. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 7 p. [20090] 57. Taskey, R. D.; Curtis, C. L.; Stone, J. 1989. Wildfire, ryegrass seeding, and watershed rehabilitation. In: Berg, Neil H., technical coordinator. Proceedings of the symposium on fire and watershed management; 1988 October 26-28; Sacramento, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-109. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 115-124. [8989] 58. Terrell, Edward E. 1966. Taxonomic implications of genetics in ryegrasses (Lolium). Botanical Review. 32: 138-164. [25203] 59. Terrell, Edward E. 1968. A taxonomic revision of the genus Lolium. Technical Bulletin 1392. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 60 p. [25200] 60. Thompson, K.; Grime, J. P. 1979. Seasonal variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats. Journal of Ecology. 67: 893-921. [90] 61. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1994. Plants of the U.S.--alphabetical listing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 954 p. [23104] 62. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Survey. [n.d.]. NP Flora [Data base]. Davis, CA: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Survey. [23119] 63. Vogel, Willis G. 1981. A guide for revegetating coal minesoils in the eastern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-68. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 190 p. [15575] 64. Welsh, Stanley L.; Atwood, N. Duane; Goodrich, Sherel; Higgins, Larry C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p. [2944] 65. Westman, W. E.; O'Leary, J. F.; Malanson, G. P. 1981. The effects of fire intensity, aspect and substrate on post-fire growth of Californian coastal sage scrub. In: Margaris, N. S.; Mooney, H. A., eds. Components of productivity of Mediterranean climate regions--basic and applied aspects. The Hague, Netherlands: Dr W. Junk Pulishers: 151-179. [13593] 66. Wheeler, W. A.; Hill, D. D. 1957. Western grasses. In: Grassland seeds. Princeton, NJ: D. Van Norstrand: 525-529. [19537] 67. Zedler, Paul H.; Gautier, Clayton R.; McMaster, Gregory S. 1983. Vegetation change in response to extreme events: the effect of a short interval between fires in California chaparral and coastal scrub. Ecology. 64(4): 809-818. [4612] 68. National Academy of Sciences. 1971. Atlas of nutritional data on United States and Canadian feeds. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. 772 p. [1731] 69. Keeley, Jon E. 1977. Fire-dependent reproductive strategies in Arctostaphylos and Ceanothus. In: Mooney, Harold A.; Conrad, C. Eugene, technical coordinators. Symposium on the environmental consequences of fire and fuel management in Mediterranean ecosystems: Proceedings; 1977 August 1-5; Palo Alto, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-3. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 391-396. [4868] 70. Kartesz, John T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Volume II--thesaurus. 2nd ed. Portland, OR: Timber Press. 816 p. [23878]

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