• GENERAL DISTRIBUTION
• ECOSYSTEMS
• STATES
• BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS
• KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS
• SAF COVER TYPES
• SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES
• HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES

GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:

ECOSYSTEMS [45]:

STATES:

BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS [6]:

KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS [86]:

SAF COVER TYPES [37]:

SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES [119]:

HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES:

Conditions and trends on ponderosa pine ranges in Colorado [23]
The prairie, meadow, and marsh vegetation of Nelson County, North Dakota [32]
The many faces of South Dakota rangelands: description and classification [47]
Wind Cave National Park grassland ecology [49]
Ecologic observations on Pinus ponderosa laws.  (Pinaceae) at its eastern most extension in South Dakota [65]
The climate, soils, and soil-plant relationships of an area in southwestern Saskatchewan [68]
Alberta's prairie vegetation: past and present use [104]
Production ecology of grassland plant communities in western North Dakota [109]
Vegetation, soil, and cattle responses to grazing on Northern Great Plains range [110]
Climax vegetation of Montana: Based on soils and climate [114]
Woodlands in northwestern Nebraska [132]

North and South Dakota:
Green needlegrass is a codominant of western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), prairie Junegrass (Koeleria macrantha), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii var. gerardii), little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium), and needle-and-thread (Hesperostipa comata) [9,19,21,36,46,47,48,72,88,91,99,101,109,116,121,123,128,136,142,143,144,147,149].  Green needlegrass is associated with sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula) [19,48,91,116,123], Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) [19,72,149,], Sandberg bluegrass (P. secunda) [91], porcupine grass (Hesperostipa spartea) [47,116], Baker's wheatgrass (Elymus bakeri) [116], buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) [46,91,116,142,144], prairie sandreed (Calamovilfa longifolia) [21,47], plains muhly (Muhlenbergia cuspidata) [21,47,123], sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus) [142,143,144], threadleaf sedge (Carex filifolia) [9,21,88,123,142,143,144], needleleaf sedge (C. duriuscula) [21,88,91,123], Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus) [142,143,144], smooth brome (B. inermis) [19], and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) [4]. 

Shrubs that green needlegrass is associated with include fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida) [143] and western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) [19,109,149].  Green needlegrass occurs in the understory of interior pondersosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum) [65].  Scarlet globemallow (Sphaeralcea coccinea) [19,47], plains prickly-pear (Opuntia polyacantha) [143], and western yarrow (Achillea millefolium), Flodman's thistle (Cirsium flodmanii), Canadian anemone (Anemone canadensis) [19] are also found with green needlegrass.

Montana:
Green needlegrass is a component of juniper-wheatgrass (Juniperus spp.-Agropyron spp.) and juniper-sandreed (Juniperus spp.-Calamovilfa spp.) communities [96].  It is found in the understory of Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum), interior ponderosa pine [93,114], limber pine (Pinus flexilis), and chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) [114].

Green needlegrass is a codominant of western wheatgrass, needle-and-thread grass, bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), and blue grama [1,29,30,35,38,60,67,82,90,93,94,107,110,114,131,146].  Grasses associated with green needlegrass include porcupine grass [114], Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis) [94,103,114], Baker's wheatgrass [103], prairie Junegrass [1,29,30,114,131], Sandberg bluegrass [67,93,131], plains reedgrass (Calamagrostis montanensis) [131], prairie sandreed [11,114], needleleaf sedge [1,67,131], sand dropseed [67], big bluestem [146], little bluestem [30,114,146], Kentucky bluegrass, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) [94], tumblegrass (Schedonnardus paniculatus) [67], alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides) [67,114], plains muhly [114], purple threeawn (Aristida purpurea) [67], and threadleaf sedge [60,67]. 

Shrubs that green needlegrass is commonly found with include Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) [12,38,67,82,93,103,114], plains silver sagebrush (A. cana ssp. cana) [12,67,80,90,103,114], mountain silver sagebrush (A. c. ssp. viscidula) [12,67,82,90,103,114], fringed sagebrush [82,131], Saskatoon serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) [114], western snowberry [67,93], black greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) [12,93], shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa) [103], Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii) [114], antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) [54], creeping juniper (J. horizontalis) [114], and Gardner's saltbush (Atriplex gardneri) [12,114]. 

Forbs commonly found with green needlegrass are American vetch (Vicia americana) [114,131],  Hood's phlox (Phlox hoodii) [67,131], western yarrow [1,103], common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) [1], scarlet globemallow [67,131], pussytoes (Antennaria spp.) [131], and the cactus, plains prickly-pear [1,67,82]. 

In Wyoming and Utah, green needlegrass is found with Wyoming big sagebrush, mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana), basin big sagebrush (A. t. ssp. tridentata), antelope bitterbrush [57,78], shrubby cinquefoil, and common juniper (Juniperus communis) [106].  It is a codominant of western wheatgrass and spike fescue (Leucopoa kingii) [15].  Green needlegrass is also associated with Sandberg bluegrass [57], needle-and-thread grass, cheatgrass, Indian ricegrass [78], and sedges [57].

In Colorado and Nebraska, green needlegrass is found in the understory of interior ponderosa pine with blue grama, cheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, needle-and-thread grass, western wheatgrass, little bluestem, sideoats grama, prairie sandreed, plains muhly, prairie Junegrass, Japanese brome, threadleaf sedge, sun sedge, dandelions (Taraxacum spp.), common juniper, wax currant (Ribes cereum), fringed sage, and common snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) [83,132].

In Alberta, green needlegrass occurs in the wheatgrass-bluegrass (Agropyron spp.-Poa spp.) community, reedgrass-wheatgrass (Calamagrostis spp.-Agropyron spp.) community [117], and rough fescue (Festuca altaica) association [74].  In Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Alberta, green needlegrass is codominant with western wheatgrass, needle-and-thread grass, blue grama, and buffalo grass [5,10,84,92,104,151].  It is associated with Sandberg bluegrass, plains muhly, threadleaf sedge [5], prairie Junegrass [5,84,151], western wheatgrass [5,104]  plains reedgrass, sun sedge, obtuse sedge (Carex obtusata) [84,151], timber oatgrass (Danthonia intermedia), Idaho fescue, porcupine grass [74,84,151], needleleaf sedge, [84,151], Pumpelly brome (Bromus pumpellianus), and pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens) [74].  Green needlegrass is associated with the shrubs fringed sagebrush [5,84,151], plains silver sagebrush, and Gardner's saltbush, winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata) [5].  It is also found with little clubmoss (Selaginella densa), prairie goldenrod (Solidago missouriensis), pussytoes, and plains prickly-pear [5].

Related categories for SPECIES:  Nassella viridula | Green Needlegrass