DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Picea breweriana | Brewer Spruce 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Brewer spruce is endemic to the Klamath region of northwestern
California and adjacent Oregon.  It is distributed from from Del Norte,
Trinity, and Siskiyou counties in California to Curry and Josephine
counties in Oregon [11,14,18].  The best developed stands are located
on high ridges and upper valleys of the Klamath, Shasta-Trinity, and Six
Rivers National Forests of California and in the Siskiyou and Rogue
River National Forests of Oregon [11,18,20].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES20  Douglas-fir
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES23  Fir - spruce
   FRES24  Hemlock - Sitka spruce


STATES : 
     CA  OR


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
NO-ENTRY


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    1  Northern Pacific Border
    4  Sierra Mountains


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K001  Spruce - cedar - hemlock forest
   K004  Fir - hemlock forest
   K005  Mixed conifer forest
   K007  Red fir forest
   K012  Douglas-fir forest
   K029  California mixed evergreen forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
   205  Mountain hemlock
   206  Engelmann spruce - subalpine fir
   207  Red fir
   211  White fir
   215  Western white pine
   224  Western hemlock
   229  Pacific Douglas-fir
   231  Port-Orford-cedar
   234  Douglas-fir - tanoak - Pacific madrone
   243  Sierra Nevada mixed conifer
   244  Pacific ponderosa pine - Douglas-fir
   247  Jeffrey pine
   256  California mixed subalpine


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Although Brewer spruce grows throughout the Klamath region, it usually
occurs in local, disjunct populations [17].  It is a minor component of
a variety of communities [24].  In some areas, Brewer spruce is a minor
climax species in stands dominated by California red fir (Abies
magnifica), white fir (A. concolor), or mountain hemlock (Tsuga
mertenmsiana) [3].  It occurs occasionally as a codominant in some
California red fir and western hemlock habitat types.  Near the Russian
Peak area of the Marble Mountains of California, Brewer spruce is a
major component of the California red fir/northern twinflower (Linnaea
borealis) and California ref fir/huckleberry oak (Quercus vaccinifolia)
types [17].  This species also occurs in small dense stands on mostly
north-facing slopes, as individuals invading seral pine stands and
montane chaparral, and as scattered individuals in closed white fir
forests [17].  Brewer spruce is often an indicator of cold and wet
environments [2].

Brewer spruce is listed as a dominant or codominant overstory species in
the following published classification:
  
Preliminary plant associations of the Siskiyou Mountain Province [3].

Related categories for Species: Picea breweriana | Brewer Spruce