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Pinus ponderosa var. arizonica: References


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4. Alexander, Robert R. 1987. Silvicultural systems, cutting methods, and cultural practices for Black Hills ponderosa pine. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-139. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 32 p. [305]

5. Arno, Stephen F. 1988. Fire ecology and its management implications in ponderosa pine forests. In: Baumgartner, David M.; Lotan, James E., compilers. Ponderosa pine: The species and its management: Symposium proceedings; 1987 September 29 - October 1; Spokane, WA. Pullman, WA: Washington State University, Cooperative Extension: 133-139. [9410]

6. Arno, Stephen F. 1996. The concept: restoring ecological structure and process in ponderosa pine forests. In: Hardy, Colin C.; Arno, Stephen F., eds. The use of fire in forest restoration: A general session at the annual meeting of the Society for Ecological Restoration; 1995 September 4-16; Seattle, WA. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-341. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 37-38. [28669]

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27. Conkle, M. Thompson; Critchfield, William B. 1988. Genetic variation and hybridization of ponderosa pine. In: Baumgartner, David M.; Lotan, James E., compilers. Ponderosa pine: The species and its management: Symposium proceedings; 1987 September 29 - October 1; Spokane, WA. Pullman, WA: Washington State University, Cooperative Extension: 27-43. [9399]

28. Conner, Jerry. 2002. [E-mail to Robert Lefevre]. January 3. On file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Fires Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. [40252]

29. Cooper, Charles F. 1960. Changes in vegetation, structure, and growth of southwestern pine forests since white settlement. Ecological Monographs. 30(2): 129-164. [3927]

30. Cooper, Charles F. 1961. Pattern in ponderosa pine forests. Ecology. 42(3): 493-499. [5780]

31. Covington, W. W.; Moore, M. M. 1992. Postsettlement changes in natural fire regimes: implications for restoration of old-growth ponderosa pine forests. In: Kaufmann, Merrill R.; Moir, W. H.; Bassett, Richard L., technical coordinators. Old-growth forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions: Proceedings of a workshop; 1992 March 9-13; Portal, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-213. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 81-99. [19045]

32. Covington, W. W.; Moore, M. M. 1994. Postsettlement changes in natural fire regimes and forest structure: ecological restoration of old-growth ponderosa pine forests. Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 2(1/2): 153-181. [30532]

33. Covington, W. Wallace; Fule, Peter Z.; Moore, Margaret M.; [and others]. 1997. Restoring ecosystem health in ponderosa pine forests of the Southwest. Journal of Forestry. 95(4): 23-29. [27618]

34. Covington, W. Wallace; Sackett, Stephen S. 1984. The effect of a prescribed burn in Southwestern ponderosa pine on organic matter and nutrients in woody debris and forest floor. Forest Science. 30(1): 183-192. [7624]

35. Cronquist, Arthur; Holmgren, Arthur H.; Holmgren, Noel H.; Reveal, James L. 1972. Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Vol. 1. New York: Hafner Publishing Company, Inc. 270 p. [717]

36. Currie, Pat O. 1975. Grazing management of ponderosa pine-bunchgrass ranges of the central Rocky Mountains. Res. Pap. RM-159. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 24 p. [12600]

37. Danzer, Shelley R.; Baisan, Chris H.; Swetnam, Thomas W. 1996. The influence of fire and land-use history on stand dynamics in the Huachuca Mountains of southeastern Arizona. In: Ffolliott, Peter F.; DeBano, Leonard F.; Baker, Malchus, B., Jr.; [and others], tech. coords. Effects of fire on Madrean Province ecosystems: a symposium proceedings; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-289. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 265-270. [28111]

38. Daubenmire, R. 1960. A seven-year study of cone production as related to xylem layers and temperature in Pinus ponderosa. The American Midland Naturalist. 64(1): 187-193. [37425]

39. Davis, James R.; Ffolliott, Peter F.; Clary, Warren P. 1968. A fire prescription for consuming ponderosa pine duff. Res. Note RM-115. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p. [11988]

40. Diem, Kenneth L.; Zeveloff, Samuel I. 1980. Ponderosa pine bird communities. In: DeGraaf, Richard M., technical coordinator. Management of western forests and grasslands for nongame birds: Workshop proceedings; 1980 February 11-14; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-86. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 170-197. [17905]

41. Dieterich, John H. 1979. Recovery potential of fire-damaged Southwestern ponderosa pine. Res. Note RM-379. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 8 p. [4698]

42. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806]

43. Dodge, Richard Archie. 1963. Investigations into the ecological relationships of ponderosa pine in southwest Arizona. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona. 118 p. Dissertation. [20315]

44. Duffield, J. W. 1953. Pine pollen collection dates--annual and geographic variation. For. Res. Notes No. 85. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, California Forest and Range Experiment Station. 9 p. [17970]

45. Edminster, Carleton B.; Olsen, William K. 1996. Thinning as a tool in restoring and maintaining diverse structure in stands of Southwestern ponderosa pine. In: Covington, Wallace; Wagner, Pamela K., technical coordinators. Conference on adaptive ecosystem restoration and management: restoration of Cordilleran conifer landscapes of North America: Proceedings; 1996 June 6-8; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-278. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 62-68. [26925]

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51. Gallina, Sonia; Ffolliott, Peter F. 1983. Overstory-understory relationships: oak-pine forests of Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. In: Bartlett, E. T.; Betters, David R., eds. Overstory-understory relationships in western forests. Western Regional Res. Publ. No. 1. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University Experiment Station: 19-20. [3312]

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