Populus deltoides: References

1. Abrams, Marc D.; Gibson, David J. 1991. Effects of fire exclusion on tallgrass prairie and gallery forest communities in eastern Kansas. In: Nodvin, Stephen C.; Waldrop, Thomas A., eds. Fire and the environment: ecological and cultural perspectives: Proceedings of an international symposium; 1990 March 20-24; Knoxville, TN. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-69. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station: 3-10. [16627]

2. Adams, Dwight E.; Anderson, Roger C. 1980. Species response to a moisture gradient in central Illinois forests. American Journal of Botany. 67(3): 381-392. [13295]

3. Adams, Dwight E.; Anderson, Roger C.; Collins, Scott L. 1982. Differential response of woody and herbaceous species to summer and winter burning in an Oklahoma grassland. The Southwestern Naturalist. 27: 55-61. [6282]

4. Albertson, F. W.; Weaver, J. E. 1945. Injury and death or recovery of trees in prairie climate. Ecological Monographs. 15: 393-433. [4328]

5. Arno, Stephen F. 1980. Forest fire history in the Northern Rockies. Journal of Forestry. 78(8): 460-465. [11990]

6. Arno, Stephen F. 2000. Fire in western forest ecosystems. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 97-120. [36984]

7. Bechtold, William A.; Brown, Mark J.; Sheffield, Raymond M. 1990. Florida's Forests, 1987. Res. Bull. SE-110. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis. 83 p. [14579]

8. Begin, Yves. 1990. The effects of shoreline transgression on woody plants, upper St. Lawrence estuary, Quebec. Journal of Coastal Research. 6(4): 815-827. [17681]

9. Behan, Mark. 1981. The Missouri's stately cottonwoods: How can we save them? Montana Magazine. September: 76-77. [6284]

10. Bell, David T. 1974. Tree stratum composition and distribution in the streamside forest. The American Midland Naturalist. 92(1): 35-46. [10410]

11. Bell, Elbert L.; Hulbert, Lloyd C. 1974. Effect of soil on occurrence of cross timbers and prairie in southern Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 77(4): 203-209. [24441]

12. Bellah, R. Glenn; Hulbert, Lloyd C. 1974. Forest succession on the Republican River floodplain in Clay County, Kansas. The Southwestern Naturalist. 19(2): 155-166. [241]

13. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434]

14. Bidwell, T. G. 1994. Effects of introduced plants on native wildlife in the Great Plains. In: Riparian area management: Proceedings of the 46th annual meeting of the Great Plains Agricultural Council; 1994 June 20-23; Manhattan, KS. Publication No. 149. Manhattan, KS: The Great Plains Agricultural Council: 73-79. [27098]

15. Bjugstad, Ardell J. 1977. Reestablishment of woody plants on mine spoils and management of mine water impoundments: an overview of Forest Service research on the northern High Plains. In: Wright, R. A., ed. The reclamation of disturbed lands. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press: 3-12. [4238]

16. Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Girard, Michele. 1984. Wooded draws in rangelands of the northern Great Plains. In: Henderson, F. R., ed. Guidelines for increasing wildlife on farms and ranches: With ideas for supplemental income sources for rural families. Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University, Cooperative Extension Service; Great Plains Agricultural Council, Wildlife Resources Committee: 27B-36B. [4239]

17. Bock, Carl E.; Hadow, H. H.; Somers, P. 1971. Relations between Lewis' and red-headed woodpeckers in southeastern Colorado. Wilson Bulletin. 83(3): 237-248. [6302]

18. Boerner, Ralph E. J.; Cho, Do-Soon. 1987. Structure and composition of Goll Woods, an old-growth forest remnant in northwestern Ohio. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 114(2): 173-179. [8711]

19. Bogan, Michael A. 1997. Historical changes in the landscape and vertebrate diversity of north central Nebraska. In: Knopf, Fritz L.; Samson, Fred B., eds. Ecology and conservation of Great Plains vertebrates. Ecological Studies, Vol. 125. New York: Springer-Verlag: 105-130. [28994]

20. Boggs, Keith Webster. 1984. Succession in riparian communities of the lower Yellowstone River, Montana. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University. 107 p. Thesis. [7245]

21. Bottorff, Richard L. 1974. Cottonwood habitat for birds in Colorado. American Birds. 28(6): 975-979. [6309]

22. Braatne, Jeffrey H.; Rood, Stewart B.; Heilman, Paul E. 1996. Life history, ecology, and conservation of riparian cottonwoods in North America. In: Steller, R. F., ed. Biology of Populus and its implications for management and conservation. Ottawa, ON: National Research Council of Canada, NRC Research Press: 57-85. [29693]

23. Bradley, Cheryl E.; Smith, Derald G. 1986. Plains cottonwood recruitment and survival on a prairie meandering river floodplain, Milk River, southern Alberta and northern Montana. Canadian Journal of Botany. 64: 1433-1442. [8920]

24. Brady, John T. 1983. Use of dead trees by the endangered Indiana bat. In: Davis, Jerry W.; Goodwin, Gregory A.; Ockenfeis, Richard A., technical coordinators. Snag habitat management: proceedings of the symposium; 1983 June 7-9; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-99. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 111-113. [17823]

25. Braun, E. Lucy. 1950. The oak-hickory forest region. In: Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Philadelphia, PA: Blakiston Books: 162-191. [28381]

26. Brooks, Robert L. 1988. Resource exploitation practices of a plains village society on the Cross Timbers/mixed grass prairie interface. In: Davis, Arnold; Stanford, Geoffrey, eds. The prairie: roots of our culture; foundation of our economy: Proceedings, 10th North American prairie conference; 1986 June 22-26; Denton, TX. Dallas, TX: Native Prairie Association of Texas: 06.06: 1-22. [25596]

27. Brothers, Timothy S. 1988. Indiana surface-mine forests: historical development and composition of a human-created vegetation complex. Southeastern Geographer. 28(1): 19-33. [8787]

28. Bull, Henry; Muntz, H. H. 1943. Planting cottonwood on bottomlands. Bulletin 391. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State College, Agricultural Experiment Station. 18 p. [7180]

29. Busch, David E.; Smith, Stanley D. 1993. Effects of fire on water salinity relations of riparian woody taxa. Oecologia. 94: 186-194. [22770]

30. Bush, J. K.; Van Auken, O. W. 1984. Woody species composition of the upper San Antonio River gallery forest. Texas Journal of Science. 36(2&3): 139-148. [12481]

31. Calabrese, Diane M. 1993. A geography of state trees. American Forests. 99(3&4): 34-37. [21053]

32. Carey, Andrew B.; Gill, John D. 1980. Firewood and wildlife. Res. Note 299. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 5 p. [9925]

33. Carlson, Jack R. 1992. Selection, production, and use of riparian plant materials for the western United States. In: Landis, Thomas D., technical coordinator. Proceedings, Intermountain Forest Nursery Association; 1991 August 12-16; Park City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-211. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 55-67. [20926]

34. Carter, Mason C.; White, E. H. 1971. The necessity for intensive cultural treatment in cottonwood plantations. Circular 189. Auburn, AL: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. 11 p. [7177]

35. Cassel, J. Frank; Wiehe, John M. 1980. Uses of shelterbelts by birds. In: DeGraaf, Richard M., technical coordinator. Management of western forests and grasslands for nongame birds: Workshop proceedings; 1980 February 11-14; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-86. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 78-87. [17899]

36. Clambey, Gary K. 1992. Ecological aspects of the Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site, west-central North Dakota. In: Smith, Daryl D.; Jacobs, Carol A., eds. Recapturing a vanishing heritage: Proceedings, 12th North American prairie conference; 1990 August 5-9; Cedar Falls, IA. Cedar Falls, IA: University of Northern Iowa: 75-78. [24719]

37. Cote, Benoit; Dawson, Jeffery O. 1991. Autumnal allocation of phosphorus in black alder, eastern cottonwood, and white basswood. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 21: 217-221. [14142]

38. Cowles, Henry Chandler. 1899. The ecological relations of the vegetation on the sand dunes of Lake Michigan. Botanical Gazette. 27(2-3): 95-117, 167-202. [11091]

39. Cox, Mike K.; Franklin, William L. 1989. Terrestrial vertebrates of Scotts Bluff National Monument, Nebraska. The Great Basin Naturalist. 49(4): 597-613. [11004]

40. Crouch, Glenn L. 1979. Long-term changes in cottonwoods on a grazed and an ungrazed plains bottomland in northeastern Colorado. Res. Note RM-370. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p. [3496]

41. Cunningham, Richard A. 1975. Provisional tree and shrub seed zones for the Great Plains. Res. Pap. RM-150. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 15 p. [4516]

42. Curtis, John T. 1959. The vegetation of Wisconsin. Madison, WI: The University of Wisconsin Press. 657 p. [7116]

43. Dansereau, Pierre. 1959. Phytogeographia Laurentiana. II. The principal plant associations of the Saint Lawrence Valley. Contributions of the Botanical Institute No. 75. Montreal, PQ: University of Montreal, Botanical Institute. 147 p. [8925]

44. Davidson, A. G.; Prentice, R. M. 1968. Insects and diseases. In: Maini, J. S.; Cayford, J. H., eds. Growth and utilization of poplars in Canada. Departmental Publication No. 1205. Ottawa, ON: Department of Forestry and Rural Development: 116-144. [6505]

45. DeBell, D. S.; Mallonee, E. H.; Alford, L. T. 1975. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on growth, form, and wood quality of eastern cottonwood. Forest Research Note No. 4. Camas, WA: Crown Zellerbach Corporation. 6 p. [3294]

46. Diamond, David D.; Riskind, David H.; Orzell, Steve L. 1987. A framework for plant community classification and conservation in Texas. Texas Journal of Science. 39(3): 203-221. [24968]

47. Dickmann, Donald I.; Stuart, Katherine W. 1983. The culture of poplars in eastern North America. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University, Department of Forestry. 168 p. [6317]

48. Diggs, George M., Jr.; Lipscomb, Barney L.; O'Kennon, Robert J. 1999. Illustrated flora of northcentral Texas. Sida Botanical Miscellany No. 16. Fort Worth, TX: Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 1626 p. [35698]

49. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806]

50. Dodd, M. B.; Lauenroth, W. K.; Welker, J. 1998. Differential water resource use by herbaceous and woody plant life-forms in a shortgrass steppe community. Oecologia. 117(4): 504-512. [34950]

51. Dollar, K. E.; Pallardy, Stephen G.; Garrett, H. Gene. 1992. Composition and environment of floodplain forests of northern Missouri. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 22: 1343-1350. [19706]

52. Duchesne, Luc C.; Hawkes, Brad C. 2000. Fire in northern ecosystems. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 35-51. [36982]

53. Durkin, Paula; Muldavin, Esteban; Bradley, Mike; Carr, Stacey E. 1996. A preliminary riparian/wetland vegetation community classification of the upper and middle Rio Grande watersheds in New Mexico. In: Shaw, Douglas W.; Finch, Deborah M., technical coordinators. Desired future conditions for southwestern riparian ecosystems: bringing interests and concerns together: Proceedings; 1995 September 18-22; Albuquerque, NM. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-272. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 44-57. [26192]

54. Dusek, Gary L.; Wood, Alan K.; Mackie, Richard J. 1988. Habitat use by white-tailed deer in prairie-agricultural habitat in Montana. Prairie Naturalist. 20(3): 135-142. [6801]

55. Eckenwalder, James E. 1977. North American cottonwoods (Populus, Salicaceae) of sections Abaso and Aigeiros. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 58(3): 193-208. [6300]

56. Eckenwalder, James E. 1992. Salicaceae: Willow family. Part one: Populus. In: A new flora for Arizona in preparation. In: Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science. 26(1): 29-33. [21485]

57. Eckenwalder, James E. 1996. Systematics and evolution of Populus. In: Stettler, R. F.; Bradshaw, H. D., Jr.; Heilman, P. E.; Hinckley, T. M., eds. Biology of Populus and its implications for management and conservation. Ottawa, ON: National Research Council of Canada, NRC Research Press: 7-32. [28505]

58. Edminster, Carleton B.; Getter, James R.; Story, Donna R. 1977. Past diameters and gross volumes of plains cottonwood in eastern Colorado. Res. Note RM-351. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p. [5516]

59. Ellis, Lisa M.; Crawford, Clifford S.; Molles, Manuel C., Jr. 1998. Comparison of litter dynamics in native and exotic riparian vegetation along the Middle Rio Grande of central New Mexico, U.S.A. Journal of Arid Environments. 38(2): 283-296. [28902]

60. Elmore, Francis H. 1944. Ethnobotany of the Navajo. 1(7) Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico. 136 p. [35897]

61. Emmerich, John M.; Vohs, Paul A. 1982. Comparative use of four woodland habitats by birds. Journal of Wildlife Management. 46(1): 43-49. [19283]

62. Erickson, Nanette E. 1989. Survival of plant materials established on a floodplain in central Oklahoma. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 17(1): 63-65. [13747]

63. Evans, Keith E.; Dietz, Donald R. 1974. Nutritional energetics of sharp-tailed grouse during winter. Journal of Wildlife Management. 38(4): 622-629. [14152]

64. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]

65. Farmer, R. E. 1991. Genetic improvement of poplar in western Canada: Alternatives, opportunities, and pitfalls. In: Navratil, S.; Chapman, P. B., eds. Aspen management for the 21st century; 1990 November 20 - November 21; Edmonton, AB. Edmonton, AB: Forestry Canada, Northwest Region and Poplar Council of Canada: 129-134. [18551]

66. Farmer, R. E., Jr.; Bonner, F. T. 1967. Germination and initial growth of eastern cottonwood as influenced by moisture stress, temperature, and storage. Botanical Gazette. 128(3-4): 211-215. [6287]

67. Farmer, Robert E. Jr. 1964. Sex ratio and sex-related characteristics in eastern cottonwood. Silvae Genetica. 13: 116-118. [6306]

68. Farmer, Robert E., Jr.; Pitcher, John A. 1981. Pollen handling for southern hardwoods. In: Pollen management handbook. Agric. Handb. 587. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 77-83. [12654]

69. Fitton, Sam. 1993. Screech-owl distribution in Wyoming. Western Birds. 24: 182-188. [24789]

70. Fitzgerald, Charles H.; Belanger, Roger P.; Lester, William W. 1975. Characteristics and growth of natural green ash stands. Journal of Forestry. 73: 486-488. [5122]

71. Foster, Bryan L.; Gross, Katherine L. 1999. Temporal and spatial patterns of woody plant establishment in Michigan old fields. The American Midland Naturalist. 142(2): 229-243. [36648]

72. Friedman, Jonathan M.; Scott, Michael L.; Auble, Gregor T. 1997. Water management and cottonwood forest dynamics along prairie streams. In: Knopf, Fritz L.; Samson, Fred B., eds. Ecology and conservation of Great Plains vertebrates. Ecological Studies, Vol. 125. New York: Springer-Verlag: 49-71. [28993]

73. Friedman, Jonathan M.; Scott, Michael L.; Lewis, William M., Jr. 1995. Restoration of riparian forest using irrigation, artificial disturbance, and natural seedfall. Environmental Management. 19(4): 547-557. [29821]

74. Fritzell, Erik K. 1978. Habitat use by prairie raccoons during the waterfowl breeding season. Journal of Wildlife Management. 42(1): 118-127. [25338]

75. Funck, James W.; Prestemon, Dean R.; Bensend, Dwight W. 1981. Production of eastern cottonwood 2 by 4 lumber. Forest Products Journal. 31(1): 54-57. [5303]

76. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998]

77. Gebre, G. Michael; Kuhns, Michael R. 1991. Seasonal and clonal variations in drought tolerance of Populus deltoides. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 21(6): 910-916. [14998]

78. George, Ernest J. 1953. Thirty-one-year results in growing shelterbelts on the Northern Great Plains. Circular No. 924. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 57 p. [4567]

79. George, Ernest J. 1953. Tree and shrub species for the Northern Great Plains. Circular No. 912. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 46 p. [4566]

80. Gilmer, David S.; Stewart, Robert E. 1984. Swainson's hawk nesting ecology in North Dakota. The Condor. 86: 12-18. [22653]

81. Gilmore, Melvin Randolph. 1919. Uses of plants by the Indians of the Missouri River region. 33rd Annual Report. Washington, DC: Bureau of American Ethnology. 154 p. [6928]

82. Girard, Michele M.; Goetz, Harold; Bjugstad, Ardell J. 1987. Factors influencing woodlands of southwestern North Dakota. Prairie Naturalist. 19(3): 189-198. [2763]

83. Girard, Michele M.; Goetz, Harold; Bjugstad, Ardell J. 1989. Native woodland habitat types of southwestern North Dakota. Res. Pap. RM-281. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 36 p. [6319]

84. Girard, Michele Marie. 1985. Native woodland ecology and habitat classification of southwestern North Dakota. Fargo, ND: North Dakota State University. 314 p. Dissertation. [1025]

85. Gleason, Henry A.; Cronquist, Arthur. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. 2nd ed. New York: New York Botanical Garden. 910 p. [20329]

86. Gom, Lori A.; Rood, Stewart B. 1999. Fire induces clonal sprouting of riparian cottonwoods. Canadian Journal of Botany. 77(11): 1604-1616. [35953]

87. Gom, Lori A.; Rood, Stewart B. 1999. The discrimination of cottonwood clones in a mature grove along the Oldman River in southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany. 77(8): 1084-1094. [33062]

88. Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 1392 p. [1603]

89. Green, William E. 1947. Effect of water impoundment on tree mortality and growth. Journal of Forestry. 45(2): 118-120. [3718]

90. Greller, Andrew M.; Buegler, Richard; Johnson, Edward; [and others]. 1992. Two unusual plant communities in Tottenville, Staten Island, New York, with Celtis occidentalis and Asimina triloba. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 119(4): 446-457. [20904]

91. Hadow, Harlo H. 1973. Winter ecology of migrant and resident Lewis' woodpeckers in southeastern Colorado. The Condor. 75(2): 210-224. [6301]

92. Hansen, Paul L.; Boggs, Keith; Pfister, Robert D.; [and others]. 1994. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in Montana. In: Hamre, R. H., ed. Workshop on western wetlands and riparian areas: public/private efforts in recovery, management, and education: Proceedings; 1993 September 9-11; Snowbird, UT. Boulder, CO: Thorne Ecological Institute: 1-17. [27800]

93. Hansen, Paul L.; Chadde, Steve W.; Pfister, Robert D. 1988. Riparian dominance types of Montana. Misc. Publ. No. 49. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 411 p. [5660]

94. Hansen, Paul L.; Pfister, Robert D.; Boggs, Keith; [and others]. 1995. Classification and management of Montana's riparian and wetland sites. Miscellaneous Publication No. 54. Missoula, MT: The University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. 646 p. [24768]

95. Hansen, Paul; Boggs, Keith; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John. 1990. Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in central and eastern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station, Montana Riparian Association. 279 p. [12477]

96. Hansen, Paul; Pfister, Robert; Joy, John; [and others]. 1989. Classification and management of riparian sites in southwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana, School of Forestry, Montana Riparian Association. 292 p. Draft Version 2. [8900]

97. Heilman, P. E.; Ekuan, G.; Fogle, D. 1994. Above- and below-ground biomass and fine roots of 4-year-old hybrids of Populus trichocarpa x Populus deltoides and parental species in short-rotation culture. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 24: 1186-1192. [24128]

98. Hendricks, Paul; Allard, Herbert F. 1988. Winter food habits of prairie porcupines in Montana. Prairie Naturalist. 20(1): 1-6. [9334]

99. Hibbard, Edmund A. 1972. Burned and unburned prairie. American Birds. 26(6): 1004-1005. [20178]

100. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1964. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 2: Salicaceae to Saxifragaceae. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 597 p. [1166]

101. Hoag, J. Chris. 1992. Planting techniques from the Aberdeen, ID, Plant Materials Center for vegetating shorelines and riparian areas. In: Clary, Warren P.; McArthur, E. Durant; Bedunah, Don; Wambolt, Carl L., compilers. Proceedings--symposium on ecology and management of riparian shrub communities; 1991 May 29-31; Sun Valley, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-289. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 163-166. [19113]

102. Hoagstrom, Carl W.; Schetter, Timothy A.; Tumino, Lisa L. 1995. Effect of a prescribed burn on the small mammals of an old field in the prairie peninsula area of Ohio. In: Hartnett, David C., ed. Prairie biodiversity: Proceedings, 14th North American prairie conference; 1994 July 12-16; Manhattan, KS. Manhattan, KS: Kansas State University: 55-57. [28228]

103. Hodges, John D.; Switzer, George L. 1979. Some aspects of the ecology of southern bottomland hardwoods. In: North America's forests: gateway to opportunity: Proceedings, 1978 joint convention of the Society of American Foresters and the Canadian Institute of Forestry. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters: 360-365. [10028]

104. Hoffman, G. R.; Timken, R. L. 1970. Ecologic observations on Pinus ponderosa laws. (Pinaceae) at its eastern most extension in South Dakota. The Southwestern Naturalist. 14(3): 327-336. [11502]

105. Holch, A. E. 1931. Development of roots and shoots of certain deciduous tree seedlings in different sites. Ecology. 12(2): 259-298. [3734]

106. Hook, D. D. 1984. Waterlogging tolerance of lowland tree species of the South. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry. 8: 136-149. [19808]

107. Hopkins, Rick B. 1984. Avian species associated with prairie woodland types. In: Noble, Daniel L.; Winokur, Robert P., eds. Wooded draws: characteristics and values for the northern Great Plains: Proceedings of a symposium; 1984 June 12-13; Rapid City, SD. Great Plains Agricultural Council Publication No. 111. Rapid City, SD: South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Biology Department: 27-35. [1192]

108. Hosner, John F. 1957. Effects of water upon the seed germination of bottomland trees. Forest Science. 3(1): 67-70. [6289]

109. Hosner, John F. 1958. The effects of complete inundation upon seedlings of six bottomland tree species. Ecology. 39(2): 371-373. [115]

110. Hosner, John F.; Boyce, Stephen G. 1962. Tolerance to water saturated soil of various bottomland hardwoods. Forest Science. 8(2): 180-186. [18950]

111. Hosner, John F.; Minckler, L. S. 1960. Hardwood reproduction in the river bottoms of southern Illinois. Forest Science. 6(1): 67-77. [3738]

112. Hosner, John F.; Minckler, Leon S. 1963. Bottomland hardwood forests of southern Illinois--regeneration and succession. Ecology. 44(1): 29-41. [3739]

113. Howe, William H.; Knoff, Fritz L. 1991. On the imminent decline of Rio Grande cottonwoods in central New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist. 36(2): 218-224. [15697]

114. Huenneke, Laura Foster. 1982. Wetland forests of Tompkins County, New York. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 109(1): 51-63. [22960]

115. Hunter, Carl G. 1989. Trees, shrubs, and vines of Arkansas. Little Rock, AR: The Ozark Society Foundation. 207 p. [21266]

116. Hunter, William C.; Ohmart, Robert D.; Anderson, Bertin W. 1988. Use of exotic saltcedar (Tamarix chinensis) by birds in arid riparian systems. The Condor. 90: 113-123. [25940]

117. Hupp, Cliff R. 1992. Riparian vegetation recovery patterns following stream channelization: a geomorphic perspective. Ecology. 73(4): 1209-1226. [19499]

118. Hushen, Timothy W.; Kapp, Ronald O.; Bogue, Robert D.; [and others]. 1966. Presettlement forest patterns in Montcalm County, Michigan. Michigan Botanist. 5: 192-211. [24436]

119. Jackson, Jerome A. 1970. A quantitative study of the foraging ecology of downy woodpeckers. Ecology. 51(2): 318-323. [20556]

120. Johnson, R. L.; Burkhardt, E. C. 1976. Natural cottonwood stands--past management and implications for plantations. In: Thielges, Bart A.; Land, Samuel B., Jr., eds. Proceedings: Symposium on eastern cottonwood and related species; 1976 September 28 - October 2; Greenville, MS. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University, Division of Continuing Education: 20-29. [7374]

121. Johnson, R. L.; Shropshire, F. W. 1983. Bottomland hardwoods. In: Burns, Russell M., tech. comp. Silvicultural systems for the major forest types of the United States. Agric. Handb. 445. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 175-179. [18953]

122. Johnson, Robert L. 1965. Regenerating cottonwood from natural seedfall. Journal of Forestry. 63(1): 33-36. [6290]

123. Johnson, W. Carter. 1997. Nut caching by blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata L.): implications for tree demography. The American Midland Naturalist. 138(2): 357-370. [27816]

124. Johnson, W. Carter; Burgess, Robert L.; Keammerer, Warren R. 1976. Forest overstory vegetation and environment on the Missouri River floodplain in North Dakota. Ecological Monographs. 46(1): 59-84. [6313]

125. Jokela, J. J.; Mohn, C. A. 1976. Geographic variation in eastern cottonwood. In: Thielges, Bart A.; Land, Samuel B., Jr., eds. Proceedings: Symposium on eastern cottonwood and related species; 1976 September 28 - October 2; Greenville, MS. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University, Division of Continuing Education: 109-139. [7378]

126. Jones, Stanley D.; Wipff, Joseph K.; Montgomery, Paul M. 1997. Vascular plants of Texas. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 404 p. [28762]

127. Kantak, Gail E. 1995. Terrestrial plant communities of the middle Niobrara Valley, Nebraska. The Southwestern Naturalist. 40(2): 129-138. [26698]

128. Kartesz, John T.; Meacham, Christopher A. 1999. Synthesis of the North American flora (Windows Version 1.0), [CD-ROM]. Available: North Carolina Botanical Garden. In cooperation with the Nature Conservancy, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [2001, January 16]. [36715]

129. Kaul, Robert B. 1995. Reproductive structure and organogenesis in a cottonwood, Populus deltoides (Salicaceae) International Journal of Plant Science. 156(2): 172-180. [29769]

130. Keammerer, Warren R.; Johnson, W. Carter; Burgess, Robert L. 1975. Floristic analysis of the Missouri River bottomland forest in North Dakota. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 89: 5-19. [7447]

131. Kearsley, Jennifer. 1999. Inventory and vegetation classification of floodplain forest communities in Massachusetts. Rhodora. 101(906): 105-135. [35963]

132. Kennedy, Harvey E., Jr. 1985. Cottonwood: An American wood. FS-231. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 8 p. [4072]

133. Krinard, R. M. 1983. Continued investigations in first-year survival of long cottonwood cuttings. Tree Planters' Notes. 34(3): 34-37. [6291]

134. Krinard, Roger M.; Johnson, Robert L. 1984. Cottonwood plantation growth through 20 years. Res. Pap. SO-212. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 11 p. [6286]

135. Kucera, Clair L. 1981. Grasslands and fire. In: Mooney, H. A.; Bonnicksen, T. M.; Christensen, N. L.; [and others], technical coordinators. Fire regimes and ecosystem properties: Proceedings of the conference; 1978 December 11-15; Honolulu, HI. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-26. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 90-111. [4389]

136. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. United States [Potential natural vegetation of the conterminous United States]. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 1:3,168,000; colored. [3455]

137. Larmer, Paul. 1998. Tackling tamarisk. High Country News. 30(10): 1, 8-10, 15. [29108]

138. Larson, John L. 1990. Natural revegetation of a strip-mined peatland extremely slow. Restoration & Management Notes. 8(1): 43. [14516]

139. Lesica, Peter; Miles, Scott. 1999. Russian olive invasion into cottonwood forests along a regulated river in north-central Montana. Canadian Journal of Botany. 77(8): 1077-1083. [33064]

140. Limstrom, G. A.; Merz, R. W. 1949. Rehabilitation of lands stripped for coal in Ohio. Tech. Pap. No. 113. Columbus, OH: The Ohio Reclamation Association. 41 p. In cooperation with: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Central States Forest Experiment Station. [4427]

141. Lindsey, Alton A.; Petty, Robert O.; Sterling, David K.; Van Asdall, Willard. 1961. Vegetation and environment along the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers. Ecological Monographs. 31(2): 105-156. [22578]

142. Loehle, Craig. 1988. Tree life history strategies: the role of defenses. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 18(2): 209-222. [4421]

143. Love, Askell; Love, Doris. 1954. Vegetation of a prairie marsh. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 81(1): 16-34. [18103]

144. Maini, J. S.; Cayford, J. H., eds. 1968. Growth and utilization of poplars in Canada. Departmental Publication No. 1205. Ottawa, ON: Department of Forestry and Rural Development. 257 p. [6498]

145. Maisenhelder, Louis C. 1951. Planting and growing cottonwood on bottomlands. Bulletin 485. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State College, Agriculture Experiment Station. 23 p. [6294]

146. Manske, Llewellyn L.; Barker, William T. 1988. Habitat usage by prairie grouse on the Sheyenne National Grasslands. In: Bjugstad, Ardell J., technical coordinator. Prairie chickens on the Sheyenne National Grasslands: Symposium proceedings; 1987 September 18; Crookston, MN. General Technical Report RM-159. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 8-20. [5200]

147. Martin, William C.; Hutchins, Charles R. 1981. A flora of New Mexico. Volume 1. Germany: J. Cramer. 647 p. [37175]

148. Martinka, C. J. 1968. Habitat relationships of white-tailed deer and mule deer in northern Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management. 32: 558-565. [6925]

149. McKevlin, Martha R. 1992. Guide to regeneration of bottomland hardwoods. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-76. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 35 p. [20124]

150. Meadows, James S.; Nowacki, Gregory J. 1996. An old-growth definition for eastern riverfront forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. SRS-4. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station. 7 p. [29708]

151. Merz, Robert W., compiler. 1978. Forest atlas of the Midwest. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Forest System, Cooperative Forestry, Forestry Research. 48 p. [10057]

152. Miller, Melanie. 2000. Fire autecology. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 9-34. [36981]

153. Miller, Michael S.; Buford, Daniel J.; Lutz, R. Scott. 1991. Habitat use, productivity, and survival of Rio Grande wild turkey hens in southwestern Kansas. In: Lutz, R. Scott; Wester, David B., editors. Research highlights--1991: Noxious brush and weed control; range and wildlife management. Volume 22. Lubbock, TX: Texas Tech University, College of Agricultural Sciences: 27. [18357]

154. Minckler, Leon S. 1958. Bottomland hardwoods respond to cutting. Tech. Pap. 164. Columbus, OH: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Central States Forest Experiment Station. 10 p. [5514]

155. Minckley, W. L.; Brown, David E. 1982. Wetlands. In: Brown, David E., ed. Biotic communities of the American Southwest--United States and Mexico. Desert Plants. 4(1-4): 223-287. [8898]

156. Morris, R. C.; Filer, T. H.; Solomon, J. D.; [and others]. 1975. Insects and diseases of cottonwood. Gen. Tech. Rep. SO-8. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 36 p. [6296]

157. Muncy, Jack A. 1989. Reclamation of abandoned manganese mines in southwest Virginia and northeast Tennessee. In: Walker, D. G.; Powter, C. B.; Pole, M. W., compilers. Reclamation, a global perspective: Proceedings of the conference; 1989 August 27-31; Calgary, AB. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Land Conservation and Reclamation Council: 199-208. [14355]

158. Myers, Charles C.; Buchman, Roland G. 1984. Manager's handbook for elm-ash-cottonwood in the North Central States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-98. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. 11 p. [8919]

159. Myers, Ronald L. 2000. Fire in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 161-173. [36985]

160. Newling, Charles J. 1990. Restoration of bottomland hardwood forests in the lower Mississippi Valley. Restoration & Management Notes. 8(1): 23-28. [14611]

161. Nixon, Elray S.; Willett, R. Larry. 1974. Vegetative analysis of the floodplain of the Trinity River, Texas. Contract No. DACW6-74-C-0030. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District, Fort Worth, Texas. [Place of publication unknown]: [Publisher unknown]. 267 p. On file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT. [20420]

162. Olson, R. A.; Gerhart, W. A. 1982. A physical and biological characterization of riparian habitat and its importance to wildlife in Wyoming. Cheyenne, WY: Wyoming Game and Fish Department. 188 p. [6755]

163. Olson, Thomas E.; Knopf, Fritz L. 1988. Patterns of relative diversity within riparian small mammal communities, Platte River watershed, Colorado. In: Szaro, Robert C.; Severson, Kieth E.; Patton, David R., technical coordinators. Management of amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals in North America: Proceedings of the symposium; 1988 July 19-21; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-166. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 379-386. [7126]

164. Paysen, Timothy E.; Ansley, R. James; Brown, James K.; [and others]. 2000. Fire in western shrubland, woodland, and grassland ecosystems. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-volume 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 121-159. [36978]

165. Peterson, Alan W.; Grubb, Thomas C., Jr. 1983. Artificial trees as a cavity substrate for woodpeckers. Journal of Wildlife Management. 47(3): 790-798. [20539]

166. Petranka, James W.; Holland, Robert. 1980. A quantitative analysis of bottomland communities in south-central Oklahoma. The Southwestern Naturalist. 25(2): 207-214. [5885]

167. Phillips, Robert L.; Beske, Alan E. 1990. Distribution and abundance of golden eagles and other raptors in Campbell and Converse Counties, Wyoming. Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 27. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 31 p. [15473]

168. Plass, W. T. 1977. Growth and survival of hardwoods and pine interplanted with European alder. Res. Pap. NE-376. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeast Forest Experiment Station. 10 p. [6297]

169. Posey, Clayton E. 1969. Phenotypic and genotypic variation in eastern cottonwood in the southern Great Plains. In: Proceedings, 10th southern conference on forest tree improvement; [Date of conference unknown]; Houston, TX. [Place of publication unknown]. [Publisher unknown]. 130-135. [7181]

170. Powell, A. Michael. 1988. Trees & shrubs of Trans-Pecos Texas including Big Bend and Guadalupe Mountains National Parks. Big Bend National Park, TX: Big Bend Natural History Association. 536 p. [6130]

171. Putnam, John A. 1951. Management of bottomland hardwoods. Occasional Paper 116. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 60 p. [6748]

172. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843]

173. Read, R. A. 1958. Silvical characteristics of plains cottonwood. Station Paper No. 33. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 18 p. [6298]

174. Reschke, Carol. 1990. Ecological communities of New York State. Latham, NY: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, New York Natural Heritage Program. 96 p. [21441]

175. Samson, Fred B.; Knopf, Fritz L.; Hass, Lisa B. 1988. Small mammal response to the introduction of cattle into a cottonwood floodplain. In: Szaro, Robert C.; Severson, Kieth E.; Patton, David R., technical coordinators. Management of amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals in North America: Proceedings of the symposium; 1988 July 19-21; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-166. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 432-438. [7131]

176. Schier, George A.; Campbell, Robert B. 1976. Differences among Populus species in ability to form adventitious shoots and roots. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 6: 253-261. [3919]

177. Schramm, Peter; Kalvin, Richard L. 1978. The use of prairie in strip mine reclamation. In: Glenn-Lewin, David C.; Landers, Roger Q., Jr., eds. Proceedings, 5th Midwest prairie conference; 1976 August 22-24; Ames, IA. Ames, IA: Iowa State University: 151-153. [3369]

178. Schroeder, Richard L.; Cable, Ted T.; Haire, Sandra L. 1992. Wildlife species richness in shelterbelts: test of a habitat model. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 20(3): 264-273. [22439]

179. Scott, Michael L.; Auble, Gregor T.; Friedman, Jonathan M. 1997. Flood dependancy of cottonwood establishment along the Missouri River, Montana, USA. Ecological Applications. 7(2): 677-690. [28708]

180. Sedgwick, James A.; Knopf, Fritz L. 1990. Habitat relationships and nest site characteristics of cavity-nesting birds in cottonwood floodplains. Journal of Wildlife Management. 54(1): 112-124. [11105]

181. Segelquist, Charles A.; Scott, Michael L.; Auble, Gregor T. 1993. Establishment of Populus deltoides under simulated alluvial groundwater declines. The American Midland Naturalist. 130(2): 274-285. [29823]

182. Selting, Jamie P.; Irby, Lynn R. 1997. Agricultural land use patterns of native ungulates in southeastern Montana. Journal of Range Management. 50(4): 338-345. [28008]

183. Severson, Kieth E.; Boldt, Charles E. 1977. Problems associated with management of native woody plants in the western Dakotas. In: Johnson, Kendall L., editor. Wyoming shrublands: Proceedings, 6th Wyoming shrub ecology workshop; 1977 May 24-25; Buffalo, WY. Laramie, WY: Shrub Ecology Workshop: 51-57. [2759]

184. Severson, Kieth E.; Boldt, Charles E. 1978. Cattle, wildlife, and riparian habitats in the western Dakotas. In: Management and use of northern plains rangeland: Regional rangeland symposium: Proceedings; 1978 February 27-28; Bismarck, ND. Dickinson, ND: North Dakota State University: 90-103. [65]

185. Shafroth, Patrick B.; Auble, Gregor T.; Scott, Michael L. 1995. Germination and establishment of the native plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera) and the exotic Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.). Conservation Biology. 9(5): 1169-1175. [26012]

186. Shaw, R. B.; Diersing, V. E. 1990. Tracked vehicle impacts on vegetation at the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Colorado. Journal of Environmental Quality. 19: 234-243. [24484]

187. Shelford, V. E. 1954. Some lower Mississippi valley flood plain biotic communities; their age and elevation. Ecology. 35(2): 126-142. [4329]

188. Shiflet, Thomas N., ed. 1994. Rangeland cover types of the United States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management. 152 p. [23362]

189. Sieg, Carolyn Hull. 1997. The role of fire in managing for biological diversity on native rangelands of the Northern Great Plains. In: Uresk, Daniel W.; Schenbeck, Greg L.; O'Rourke, James T., tech. coords. Conserving biodiversity on native rangelands: symposium proceedings; 1995 August 17; Fort Robinson State Park, NE. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-298. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 31-38. [28054]

190. Simpfendorfer, K. J. 1989. Trees, farms and fires. Land and Forests Bulletin No. 30. Victoria, Australia: Department of Conservation, Forests and Lands, Lands and Forests Division. 55 p. [10649]

191. Slabaugh, P. E. 1965. A reappraisal of some silvicultural problems of Great Plains shelterbelts. In: Proceedings: Society of American Foresters meeting; 1964 September 27 - October 1; Denver, CO. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters: 23-27. [12081]

192. Smalley, Glendon W. 1986. Classification and evaluation of forest sites on the northern Cumberland Plateau. Gen. Tech. Rep. SO-60. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 74 p. [9832]

193. Smalley, Glendon W. 1991. Classification and evaluation of forest sites on the Natchez Trace State Forest, State Resort Park, and Wildlife Management Area in west Tennessee. SO-85. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 73 p. [17980]

194. Smith, Michael A.; Dodd, Jerrold L.; Skinner, Quentin D.; Rodgers, J. Daniel. 1993. Dynamics of vegetation along and adjacent to an ephemeral channel. Journal of Range Management. 46(1): 56-64. [20350]

195. Solomon, J. D. 1980. Cottonwood borer (Plectorodera scalator)--a guide to its biology, damage, and control. Res. Pap. SO-157. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 10 p. [6324]

196. Sotala, Dennis J.; Kirkpatrick, Charles M. 1973. Foods of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, in Martin County, Indiana. The American Midland Naturalist. 89(2): 281-286. [15056]

197. Sprenger, Matthew D.; Smith, Loren M.; Taylor, John P. 1998. Restoration of riparian habitat in the Middle Rio Grande Valley. Research highlights - 1998: Noxious brush and weed control: Range, wildlife, & fisheries management. 29: 20. [29980]

198. Steiger, T. L. 1930. Structure of prairie vegetation. Ecology. 11(1): 170-217. [3777]

199. Stephens, H. A. 1973. Woody plants of the North Central Plains. Lawrence, KS: The University Press of Kansas. 530 p. [3804]

200. Stevenson, James O.; Meitzen, Logan H. 1946. Behavior and food habits of Sennett's white-tailed hawk in Texas. Wilson Bulletin. 58(4): 198-205. [20006]

201. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 10 p. [20090]

202. Strait, Rebecca A. 1986. An ecological analysis of the plant communities of Little Bluestem Prairie Nature Preserve: pre-burning versus post-burning. Terre Haute, IN: Indiana State University. 70 p. Thesis. [22245]

203. Strausbaugh, P. D.; Core, Earl L. 1977. Flora of West Virginia. 2nd ed. Morgantown, WV: Seneca Books, Inc. 1079 p. [23213]

204. Stuever, Mary C.; Hayden, John S. 1996. Plant associations (habitat types) of the forests and woodlands of Arizona and New Mexico. Final report submitted to: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southwestern Region. Contract R3-95-27. Placitas, NM: Seldom Seen Expeditions, Inc. 520 p. [28868]

205. Swenson, Jon E. 1985. Seasonal habitat use by sharp-tailed grouse, Tympanuchus phasianellus, on mixed-grass prairie in Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 99(1): 40-46. [23501]

206. Texas Natural Heritage Program. 1993. Plant communities of Texas (Series level). Unpublished report. Austin, TX: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. 26 p. [23810]

207. Thilenius, John F.; Brown, Gary R.; Medina, Alvin L. 1995. Vegetation on semi-arid rangelands, Cheyenne River Basin, Wyoming. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-263. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 60 p. [26478]

208. Thompson, Larry S.; Kuijt, Job. 1976. Montane and subalpine plants of the Sweetgrass Hills, Montana, and their relation to early postglacial environments on the Northern Great Plains. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 90(4): 432-448. [7894]

209. Tuskan, Gerald A.; Laughlin, Kevin. 1991. Windbreak species performance and management practices as reported by Montana and North Dakota landowners. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 46(3): 225-228. [15084]

210. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 1974. Wood handbook: wood as an engineering material. Agric. Handb. No. 72. Washington, DC. 415 p. [16826]

211. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1994. Plants of the U.S.--alphabetical listing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 954 p. [23104]

212. Uddin, M. Rafique; Meyer, Martin M., Jr.; Jokela, J. J. 1988. Plantlet production from anthers of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides). Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 18: 937-941. [5422]

213. Van Auken, O. W.; Bush, J. K. 1988. Dynamics of establishment, growth, and development of black willow and cottonwood in the San Antonio River Forest. Texas Journal of Science. 40(3): 269-277. [11138]

214. Van Auken, O. W.; Ford, A. L.; Stein, A. 1979. A comparison of some woody upland and riparian plant communities of the southern Edwards Plateau. The Southwestern Naturalist. 24(1): 165-180. [10489]

215. Vincent, Dwain W. 1992. The sagebrush/grasslands of the upper Rio Puerco area, New Mexico. Rangelands. 14(5): 268-271. [19698]

216. Vogel, Willis G. 1977. Revegetation of surface-mined lands in the East. In: Forests for people: A challenge in world affairs: Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters 1977 national convention; 1977 October 2-6; Albuquerque, NM. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters: 167-172. [9949]

217. Vogel, Willis G. 1981. A guide for revegetating coal minespoils in the eastern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-68. Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 190 p. [15577]

218. Wade, Dale D.; Brock, Brent L.; Brose, Patrick H.; [and others]. 2000. Fire in eastern ecosystems. In: Brown, James K.; Smith, Jane Kapler, eds. Wildland fire in ecosystems: Effects of fire on flora. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol. 2. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 53-96. [36983]

219. Waldron, Gerald E.; Aboud, Steven W.; Ambrose, John D.; Meyers, George A. 1987. Shumard oak, Quercus shumardii, in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 101(4): 532-538. [5731]

220. Walker, Laurence C. 1990. Forests: A naturalist's guide to trees and forest ecology. Wiley Nature Editions. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 288 p. [13341]

221. Wanek, Wallace James. 1967. The gallery forest vegetation of the Red River of the North. Fargo, ND: North Dakota State University. 190 p. Dissertation. [5733]

222. Ware, George H.; Penfound, W. T. 1949. The vegetation of the lower levels of the floodplain of the South Canadian River in central Oklahoma. Ecology. 30: 478-484. [6004]

223. Warner, John R.; Chase, Clarence D. 1956. The timber resource of North Dakota. Station Paper No. 36. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Lake States Forest Experiment Station. 39 p. [25442]

224. Weaver, J. E. 1968. Prairie plants and their environment: A fifty-year study in the Midwest. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. 276 p. [17549]

225. Wells, Philip V. 1976. A climax index for broadleaf forest: an n-dimensional, ecomorphological model of succession. In: Fralish, James S.; Weaver, George T.; Schlesinger, Richard C., eds. Central hardwood forest conference: Proceedings of a meeting; 1976 October 17-19; Carbondale, IL. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University: 131-175. [3814]

226. Wesley, David E.; Perkins, C. J.; Sullivan, A. D. 1981. Wildlife in cottonwood plantations. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry. 5(1): 37-41. [6305]

227. White, Peter S. 1979. Pattern, process, and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review. 45(3): 229-299. [7869]

228. Williams, Robert D.; Hanks, Sidney H. 1976. Hardwood nurseryman's guide. Agric. Handb. 473. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 78 p. [4182]

229. Wilson, Roger E. 1970. Succession in stands of Populus deltoides along the Missouri River in southeastern South Dakota. The American Midland Naturalist. 83(2): 330-342. [25441]

230. Wofford, B. Eugene. 1989. Guide to the vascular plants of the Blue Ridge. Athens, GA: The University of Georgia Press. 384 p. [12908]

231. Yeager, A. F. 1935. Root systems of certain trees and shrubs grown on prairie soils. Journal of Agricultural Research. 51(12): 1085-1092. [3748]

232. Yeager, Lee E. 1959. Status and population trend in fox squirrels on fringe range, Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management. 23(1): 102-107. [6303]

233. Young, James A.; Evans, Raymond A. 1981. Demography and fire history of a western juniper stand. Journal of Range Management. 34(6): 501-505. [2659]

234. Zhang, Jianhua; Maun, M. A. 1991. Establishment and growth of Panicum virgatum L. seedlings on a Lake Erie sand dune. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 118(2): 141-153. [15700]

Related categories for | Eastern Cottonwood