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REFERENCES

SPECIES: Abies magnifica | California Red Fir
REFERENCES : 1. Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. 1984. Timberline: Mountain and arctic forest frontiers. Seattle, WA: The Mountaineers. 304 p. [339] 2. Atzet, Thomas; McCrimmon, Lisa A. 1990. Preliminary plant associations of the southern Oregon Cascade Mountain Province. Grants Pass, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Siskiyou National Forest. 330 p. [12977] 3. Atzet, Thomas; Wheeler, David L. 1982. Historical and ecological perspectives on fire activity in the Klamath Geological Province of the Rogue River and Siskiyou National Forests. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 16 p. [6252] 4. Atzet, Thomas; Wheeler, David L. 1984. Preliminary plant associations of the Siskiyou Mountain Province. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 278 p. [9351] 5. Bancroft, Larry. 1979. Fire management plan: Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. San Francisco, CA: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Western Region. 190 p. [11887] 6. Barbour, Michael G. 1988. Californian upland forests and woodlands. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Billings, William Dwight, eds. North American terrestrial vegetation. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press: 131-164. [13880] 7. Barbour, M.G.; Berg, N. H.; Kittel, G. F.; Kunz, M. E. 1991. Snowpack and the distribution of a major vegetation ecotone in the Sierra Nevada of California. Journal of Biogeography. 18(2): 141-149. [14874] 8. Barbour, M. G.; Pavlik, B. M.; Antos, J. A. 1990. Seedling growth and survival of red and white fir in a Sierra Nevada ecotone. American Journal of Botany. 77(7): 927-938. [11881] 9. Beier, Paul. 1989. Use of habitat by mountain beaver in the Sierra Nevada. Journal of Wildlife Management. 53(3): 649-654. [8409] 10. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434] 11. Ralston, Robert Dean. 1960. The structure and ecology of the north slope juniper stands of the Little Missouri Badlands. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah. 85 p. Thesis. [192] 12. Burcham, L. T. 1959. Planned burning as a management practice for California wild lands. In: Proceedings, 59th annual meeting of the Society of American Foresters: 180-185. [17037] 13. Byler, James W. 1978. The pest damage inventory in California. In: Symposium on Dwarf Mistletoe Control Through Forest Management; 1978 April 11 - April 13; Berkeley, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-31. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 162-171. [17973] 14. Clary, Warren P. 1983. Overstory-understory relationships: spruce-fir forests. In: Bartlett, E. T.; Betters, David R., eds. Overstory-understory relationships in Western forests. Western Regional Research Publication No. 1. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University Experiment Station: 9-12. [3310] 15. Wagtendonk, Jan W. van. 1977. Fire management in the Yosemite mixed-conifer ecosystem. In: Mooney, Harold A.; conrad, C. Eugene, technical coordinators. Proc. of the symp. on the environmental consequences of fire and fuel management in Mediterranean ecosystems; 1977 August 1-5; Palo Alto, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-3. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 459-463. [4895] 16. DeNitto, Gregg A. 1989. Characteristics of annosus root disease in the Pacific Southwest. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 43-47. [11321] 17. Edwards, D. G. W. 1982. Collection, processing, testing, and storage of true fir seeds--a review. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources; Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 113-137. [11894] 18. Egeline, Steve. 1980. Wildlife relationships and forest planning. In: DeGraaf, Richard M., technical coordinator. Management of western forests and grasslands for nongame birds; 1980 February 11-14; Salt Lake City, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-86. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 379-389. [17915] 19. Emmingham, W. H. 1972. Conifer growth and plant distribution under different light environments in the Siskiyou Mountains of southwestern Oregon. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University. 50 p. Thesis. [9651] 20. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905] 21. Fellin, David G. 1980. A review of some interactions between harvesting, residue management, fire, and forest insects and diseases. In: Environmental consequences of timber harvesting in Rocky Mountain coniferous forests: Symposium proceedings; 1979 September 11-13; Missoula, MT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-90. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 335-414. [10310] 22. Filip, Gregory M. 1989. A model for estimating current & future timber vol. loss from stem decay caused by Heterobasidion annosum and other fungi in stands of true fir. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 123-128. [11331] 23. Filip, Gregory M.; Schmitt, Craig L. 1990. Rx for Abies: silvicultural options for diseased firs in Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-252. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 34 p. [15181] 24. Fiske, John N.; DeBell, Dean S. 1989. Silviculture of Pacific coast forests. In: Burns, Russell M., compiler. The scientific basis for silvicultural and management decisions in the National Forest System. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-55. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 59-78. [10246] 25. Franklin, Jerry F. 1964. Ecology and silviculture of the true fir-hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest. In: Proceedings, Society of American Foresters meeting; 1964 September 27 - October 1; Denver, CO. Washington, D.C.: Society of American Foresters: 28-32. [7920] 26. Franklin, Jerry F. 1974. Abies Mill. fir. In: Schopmeyer, C. S., technical coordinator. Seeds of woody plants in the United States. Agric. Handb. 450. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 168-183. [7566] 27. Franklin, Jerry F.; Dyrness, C. T. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 417 p. [961] 28. Franklin, J. F.; Sorensen, F. C.; Campbell, R. K. 1978. Summarization of the ecology and genetics of the noble and California red fir complex. In: Proc IUFRO Jt. Meet. Work. Parties; [Date of conference unknown]; Victoria, B.C.. Volume 1. Victoria, B.C.: B.C. Ministry of Forestry, Information Service Branch: 133-139. [7918] 29. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998] 30. Gordon, Donald T. 1970. Natural regeneration of white and red fir...influence of several factors. Research Paper PSW-58. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 32 p. [12462] 31. Gordon, Donald T. 1978. California red fir literature: some corrections and comments. Forest Science. 24(1): 52-56. [13164] 32. Harrington, Constance A.; Murray, Marshall D. 1982. Patterns of height growth in western true firs. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 209-214. [6867] 33. Hawksworth, Frank G. 1978. Biological factors of dwarf mistletoe in relation to control. In: Scharpf, Robert F.; Parmeter, John R., Jr., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on dwarf mistletoe control through forest management; 1978 April 11-13; Berkeley, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-31. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 5-15. [14249] 34. Hinckley, T. M.; Teskey, R. O.; Waring, R. H.; Morikawa, Y. 1983. The water relations of true firs. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 85-92. [6765] 35. Holland, Robert F. 1986. Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of California. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Fish and Game. 156 p. [12756] 36. Kilgore, Bruce M. 1971. The role of fire in managing red fir forests. In: Proceedings, 36th North American wildlife and natural resources conference; 1971 March 7-10; Washington, DC. [Place of publication unknown]. [Publisher unknown]. 405-416. [6474] 37. Kilgore, Bruce M. 1973. The ecological role of fire in Sierran conifer forests - its application to National Park management. Quaternary Research. 3: 496-513. [6267] 38. Kilgore, Bruce M. 1981. Fire in ecosystem distribution and structure: western forests and scrublands. In: Mooney, H. A.; Bonnicksen, T. M.; Christensen, N. L.; [and others], technical coordinators. Proceedings of the conference: Fire regimes and ecosystem properties; 1978 December 11-15; Honolulu, HI. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-26. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 58-89. [4388] 39. Kilgore, Bruce M.; Briggs, George S. 1972. Restoring fire to high elevation forests in California. Journal of Forestry. 70(5): 266-271. [18570] 40. Kimmey, J. W. 1957. Dwarfmistletoes of California and their control. Tech. Pap. No. 19. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, California Forest and Range Experiment Station. 12 p. [16464] 41. Kotok, E. I. 1933. Fire, a major ecological factor in the pine region of California. In: Pacific Science Congress Proceedings. 5: 4017-4022. [4723] 42. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384] 43. Laacke, Robert J. 1990. Abies magnifica A. Murr. California red fir. In: Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H., technical coordinators. Silvics of North America. Volume 1. Conifers. Agric. Handb. 654. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 71-79. [13370] 44. Laacke, Robert J.; Fiske, John N. 1983. Red fir and white fir. In: Burns, Russell M., technical compiler. Silvicultural systems for the major forest types of the United States. Agric. Handb. No. 44. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 41-43. [11895] 45. Lanner, Ronald M. 1983. Trees of the Great Basin: A natural history. Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. 215 p. [1401] 46. Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 375 p. [2952] 47. Martin, Sandra K.; Barrett, Reginald H. 1983. The importance of snags to pine marten habitat in the northern Sierra Nevada. In: Davis, Jerry W.; Goodwin, Gregory A.; Ockenfeis, Richard A., technical coordinators. Snag habitat management: proceedings of the symposium; 1983 June 7-9; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-99. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 114-116. [17824] 48. Mitchell, Rod; Moir, Will. 1976. Vegetation of the Abbott Creek Research Natural Area, Oregon. Northwest Science. 50(1): 42-58. [1664] 49. Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1905 p. [6155] 50. Oosting, H. J.; Billings, W. D. 1943. The red fir forest of the Sierra Nevada: Abietum magnificae. Ecological Monographs. 13(3): 260-273. [11521] 51. Stone, Earl L. 1990. Boron dificiency and excess in forest trees: a review. Forest Ecology and Management. 37: 49-75. [16889] 52. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843] 53. Rundel, Philip W. 1971. Community structure and stability in the giant sequoia groves of the Sierra Nevada, California. American Midland Naturalist. 85(2): 478-492. [10504] 54. Rundel, Philip W.; Parsons, David J.; Gordon, Donald T. 1977. Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley & Sons: 559-599. [4235] 55. Sawyer, John O.; Thornburgh, Dale A. 1977. Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Klamath Mountains. In: Barbour, Michael G.; Major, Jack, eds. Terrestrial vegetation of California. New York: John Wiley & Sons: 699-732. [685] 56. Scharpf, Robert F. 1969. Dwarf mistletoe on red fir....infection and control in understory stands. Res. Pap. PSW-50. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 8 p. [13068] 57. Scharpf, Robert F. 1982. Problems of dwarf mistletoe in advance regeneration of true firs. In: Proceedings of the 29th Western International Forest Disease Work. Conf.; [Date of conference unknown]; Vernon, B.C.. [Place of publication unknown]. [Publisher unknown]. 33-36. [7922] 58. Schmitt, Craig L. 1989. Diagnosis of annosus root disease in mixed conifer forests in the northwestern United States. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 40-42. [11320] 59. Slaughter, G. W.; Parmeter, J. R., Jr. 1989. Annosus root disease in true firs in northern and central California National Forests. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 70-77. [11325] 60. Smith, Ramsay. 1982. Utilization of true firs. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 239-242. [6869] 61. Sorensen, Frank C.; Campbell, Robert K.; Franklin, Jerry F. 1990. Geographic variation in growth and phenology of seedlings of the Abies procera/A. magnifica complex. Forest Ecology and Management. 36: 205-232. [14215] 62. Spowart, Richard A.; Samson, Fred B. 1986. Carnivores. In: Cooperrider, Allan Y.; Boyd, Raymond J.; Stuart, Hanson R., eds. Inventory and monitoring of wildlife habitat. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Service Center: 475-496. [13526] 63. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 7 p. [20090] 64. Tanaka, Yasuomi. 1982. Biology of Abies seed production. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 103-111. [6768] 65. Taylor, Alan H. 1990. Habitat segregation and regeneration patterns of red fir and mountain hemlock in ecotonal forests, Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. Physical Geography. 11(1): 36-48. [17657] 66. Taylor, Alan H.; Halpern, Charles B. 1991. The structure and dynamics of Abies magnifica forests in the southern Cascade Range, USA. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2(2): 189-200. [15768] 67. Tevis, Lloyd, Jr. 1956. Pocket gophers ans seedlings of red fir. Ecology. 37(2): 379-381. [16771] 68. Thorne, Robert F. 1976. The vascular plant communities of California. In: Latting, June, ed. Symposium proceedings: plant communities of southern California; 1974 May 4; Fullerton, CA. Special Publication No. 2. Berkeley, CA: California Native Plant Society: 1-31. [3289] 69. Todd, Paul A. 1992. Mountain beaver habitat use and management implications in Yosemite National Park. Natural Areas Journal. 12(1): 26-31. [18712] 70. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982. National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names. SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p. [11573] 71. Weaver, Harold. 1974. Effects of fire on temperate forests: western United States. In: Kozlowski, T. T.; Ahlgren, C. E., eds. Fire and ecosystems. New York: Academic Press: 279-319. [9700]

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