DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Fraxinus nigra | Black Ash 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Black ash ranges from western Newfoundland west to southeastern Manitoba
and eastern North Dakota; south to Iowa; east to southern Indiana, Ohio,
and West Virginia; and north from northern Virginia to Delaware and New
Jersey [6,17,30,37].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES15  Oak - hickory
   FRES17  Elm - ash - cottonwood
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES19  Aspen - birch


STATES : 
     CT  DE  IL  IN  IA  KY  ME  MD  MA  MI
     MN  NH  NJ  NY  ND  OH  PA  RI  VT  VA
     WV  WI  MB  NB  NF  NS  ON  PE  PQ


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ACAD  APIS  CATO  CUVA  DEWA  EFMO
     INDU  ISRO  MACA  MORR  PIRO  SHEN
     SLBE  VOYA


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
NO-ENTRY


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K081  Oak savanna
   K082  Mosaic of K074 and K100
   K093  Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
   K094  Conifer bog
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K096  Northeastern spruce - fir forest
   K099  Maple - basswood forest
   K100  Oak - hickory forest
   K101  Elm - ash forest
   K102  Beech - maple forest
   K104  Appalachian oak forest
   K106  Northern hardwoods
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K108  Northern hardwoods - spruce forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
     1  Jack pine
     5  Balsam fir
    12  Black spruce
    15  Red pine
    16  Aspen
    17  Pin cherry
    24  Hemlock - yellow birch
    25  Sugar maple - beech - yellow birch
    26  Sugar maple - basswood
    27  Sugar maple
    33  Red spruce - balsam fir
    35  Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
    37  Northern white-cedar
    38  Tamarack
    39  Black ash - American elm - red maple


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Black ash is a major hardwood type on lowlands in the northern Great
Lake States along with American elm (Ulmus americana) and red maple
(Acer rubrum) [13].  Black ash is also a common component in the
beech-maple (Fagus-Acer spp.) climax community [35].  It is typically a
seral species with black spruce (Picea mariana) in bogs or where there
is excess water [36].  Black ash is a dominant species in northern
Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan [13].  Black ash is a
principle plant associate in the Hardwood Canadian Forest in the Saint
Lawrence Valley [12].  In the uplands of Michigan and Wisconsin, black
ash mingles with white ash, red maple, yellow birch (Betula
alleghaniensis), American basswood (Tilia americana), and sugar maple
(Acer saccharum) [13,18].

Common understory associates of black ash include speckled alder (Alnus
rugosa), red-osier dogwood (Cornus sericea), bog-laurel (Kalmia
polifolia), Labrador-tea (Ledum groenlandicum), poison-sumac
(Toxicodendron vernix), willows (Salix spp.), low sweet blueberry
(Vaccinum angustifolium), highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum), small
cranberry (V. oxycoccus), and common winterberry (Ilex verticillata)
[15,22,23,29].

Related categories for Species: Fraxinus nigra | Black Ash