DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Maclura pomifera | Osage-Orange 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Osage-orange is native to a narrow belt in eastern Texas, southeastern
Oklahoma, southwestern Arkansas, and the extreme northwest corner of
Louisiana.  This belt includes portions of the Blackland Prairies, Chiso
Mountains, and the Red River drainage [4].  Osage-orange has been
introduced into most of the conterminous United States and has become
naturalized throughout much of the eastern United States and the central
Great Plains [4,8,13,28,33,35].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES13  Loblolly - shortleaf pine
   FRES14  Oak - pine
   FRES15  Oak - hickory
   FRES16  Oak - gum - cypress
   FRES17  Elm - ash - cottonwood
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES38  Plains grasslands
   FRES39  Prairie


STATES : 
     AL  AR  CA  CO  CT  DE  FL  GA  IL  IN
     IA  KS  KY  LA  ME  MD  MA  MI  MS  MO
     NE  NH  NJ  NY  NC  OH  OK  OR  PA  RI
     SC  SD  TN  TX  UT  VT  VA  WA  WV


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ANTI  BIBE  CALO  CATO  CHCH  DEWA
     FODO  GWCA  GWMP  GRSM  LAMR  MACA
     NATR  NERI  OZAR  ROCR  SHEN  SHIL
     VAFO  WICR


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
   14  Great Plains


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K098  Northern floodplain forest
   K100  Oak - hickory forest
   K111  Oak - hickory - pine forest
   K113  Southern floodplain forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
    93  Sugarberry - American elm - green ash


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Native and naturalized populations of osage-orange occur in rich
bottomland forests and on sandy terraces.  On the Trinity River
floodplain in Texas, mostly small (less than 8-inch [20 cm] diameter)
osage-orange occurs in bottomland forests dominated by cedar elm (Ulmus
crassifolia), sugarberry (Celtis laevigata), green ash (Fraxinus
pennsylvanica), and western soapberry (Sapindus soponaria var.
drummondii) [18].  In Iowa, osage-orange occurs in a honey-locust
(Gleditsia triacanthos)-black locust (Robinia psuedoacacia)-boxelder
(Acer negundo)-elm (Ulmus spp.) forest [15].  On lower terraces of Salt
Creek in Illinois, osage-orange occurs in a bur oak (Quercus
macrocarpa)-hackberrry (Celtis occidentalis) forest [16].  Osage-orange
is also associated with white oak (Quercus alba), white ash (Fraxinus
americana), and red mulberry (Morus rubra) [4].

In Tennessee, Kentucky, and Alabama, osage-orange occurs with eastern
redcedar (Juniperus virginiana), black walnut (Juglans nigra), hickory
(Carya spp.), and elm [4].

Osage-orange that has escaped cultivation often occurs as thickets along
fencerows and ditches, in ravines, and in overgrazed pastures.  It
commonly occurs with honey-locust in disturbed areas [4].

Related categories for Species: Maclura pomifera | Osage-Orange