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Wildlife, Animals, and Plants
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REFERENCES
SPECIES: Pinus echinata | Shortleaf Pine
REFERENCES :
1. Baker, James B. [n.d.]. Alternative silvicultural systems -- south. In:
Silvicultural challenges and opportunities in the 1990's: Proceedings of
the National Silvicultural Workshop; 1989 July 10-13; Petersburg, AK.
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Timber
Management: 51-60. [15024]
2. Billings, W. D. 1938. The structure and development of old field
shortleaf pine stands and certain associated physical properties of the
soil. Ecological Monographs. 8(3): 437-499. [10701]
3. Bormann, F. H. 1953. Factors determining the role of lolblolly pine and
sweetgum in early old-field succession in the Piedmont of North
Carolina. Ecological Monographs. 23: 339-358. [17289]
4. Brown, Arthur A.; Davis, Kenneth P. 1973. Forest fire control and use.
2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. 686 p. [15993]
5. Burns, Russell M.; Barber, John C. 1989. Silviculture of southern pines.
In: Burns, Russell M., compiler. The scientific basis for silvicultural
and management decisions in the National Forest System. Gen. Tech. Rep.
WO-55. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service:
31-39. [10244]
6. Cain, M. D. 1990. Incidental observations on the growth and survival of
loblolly and shortleaf pines in an even-aged natural stand. Southern
Journal of Applied Forestry. 14(2): 81-84. [11575]
7. Cain, M. D. 1991. The influence of woody and herbaceous competition on
early growth of naturally regenerated loblolly and shortleaf pines.
Southern Journal of Applied Forestry. 15(4): 179-185. [17531]
8. Cain, Michael D. 1991. Hardwoods on pine sites: competition or
antagonistic symbiosis. Forest Ecology and Management. 44: 147-160.
[16957]
9. Christensen, Norman L. 1981. Fire regimes in southeastern ecosystems.
In: Mooney, H. A.; Bonnicksen, T. M.; Christensen, N. L.; [and others],
technical coordinators. Fire regimes and ecosystem properties:
Proceedings of the conference; 1978 December 11-15; Honolulu, HI. Gen.
Tech. Rep. WO-26. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service: 112-136. [4391]
10. Conner, Richard N.; Rudolph, D. Craig; Kulhavy, David L.; Snow, Ann E.
1991. Causes of mortality of red-cockaded woodpecker cavity trees.
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11. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and
Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]
12. Ferguson, Edwin R. 1955. Fire-scorched trees - will they live or die?.
In: Modern forest fire management in the south: Proceedings, 4th annual
forestry symposium; 1955 April 6-7; Baton Rouge, LA. Baton Rouge, LA:
Louisiana State University, General Extension Division, School of
Forestry: 102-113. [11592]
13. Ferguson, E. R. 1957. Stem-kill and sprouting following prescribed fires
in a pine-hardwood stand in Texas. Journal of Forestry. 55: 426-429.
[13827]
14. Garren, Kenneth H. 1943. Effects of fire on vegetation of the
southeastern United States. Botanical Review. 9: 617-654. [9517]
15. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others].
1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range
ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
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16. Givnish, Thomas J. 1981. Serotiny, geography, and fire in the pine
barrens of New Jersey. Evolution. 35(1): 101-123. [8634]
17. Grano, Charles X. 1970. Small hardwoods reduce growth of pine overstory.
Res. Pap. SO-55. [Place of publication unknown]: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 9 p.
[15418]
18. Harrington, Constance A.; Brissette, John C.; Carlson, William C. 1989.
Root system structure in planted and seeded loblolly and shortlife pine.
Forest Science. 35(2): 469-480. [10147]
19. Johnson, A. H.; Siccama, T. G.; Wang, D.; [and others]. 1981. Recent
changes in patterns of tree growth rate in the New Jersey pinelands: a
possible effect of acid rain. Journal of Environmental Quality. 10(4):
427-430. [8633]
20. Komarek, E. V. 1982. Economic and environmental evaluation of prescribed
burning and alternatives. Report on Contract No. 53-43ZP-1-00839.
Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern
Region. 192 p. [12337]
21. Krugman, Stanley L.; Jenkinson, James L. 1974. Pinaceae--pine family.
In: Schopmeyer, C. S., technical coordinator. Seeds of woody plants in
the United States. Agric. Handb. 450. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service: 598-637. [1380]
22. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation
of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York:
American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384]
23. Langdon, O. Gordon. 1971. Effects of prescribed burning on timber
species in the Southeastern Coastal Plain. In: Prescribed burning
symposium: Proceedings; 1971 April 14-16; Charleston, SC. Asheville, NC:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest
Experiment Station: 34-44. [10420]
24. Lawson, Edwin R. 1990. Pinus echinata Mill. shortleaf pine. In: Burns,
Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H., technical coordinators. Silvics of
North America. Volume 1. Conifers. Agric. Handb. 654. Washington, DC:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 316-326. [13394]
25. Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native
and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service. 375 p. [2952]
26. Little, S. 1946. The effects of forest fires on the stand history of New
Jersey's Pine Region. Forest Management Paper No. 2. Upper Darby, PA:
U.S. Department of Agriculture,Forest Service, Northeastern Forest
Experiment Station. 43 p. [11619]
27. Little, S.; Moore, E. B. 1949. The ecological role of prescribed burns
in the pine-oak forests of southern New Jersey. Ecology. 30(2): 223-233.
[11107]
28. Little, S.; Somes, H. A. 1956. Buds enable pinch and shortleaf pines to
recover from injury. Station Paper No. 81. Upper Darby, PA: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest
Experiment Station. 14 p. [11616]
29. Loyd, F. Thomas; White, David L.; Abercrombie, James A., Jr.; Waldrop,
Thomas A. 1991. Releasing four-year-old pines in mixed
shortleaf-hardwood stands. In: Coleman, Sandra S.; Neary, Daniel G.,
comps., eds. Proceedings, 6th biennial southern silvicultural research
conference; 1990 October 30 - November 1; Memphis, TN. Vol. 2. Gen.
Tech. Rep. SE-70. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station: 852-857. [17731]
30. Lyon, L. Jack; Stickney, Peter F. 1976. Early vegetal succession
following large northern Rocky Mountain wildfires. In: Proceedings, Tall
Timbers fire ecology conference and Intermountain Fire Research Council
fire and land management symposium; 1974 October 8-10; Missoula, MT. No.
14. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 355-373. [1496]
31. McCune, Bruce. 1988. Ecological diversity in North American pines.
American Journal of Botany. 75(3): 353-368. [5651]
32. McQuilkin, William Everett. 1935. Root development of pitch pine, with
some comparative observations on shortleaf pine. Journal of Agricultural
Research. 51(11): 983-1016. [10413]
33. Mueller-Dombois, Dieter; Canfield, Joan E.; Holt, R. Alan; Buelow, Gary
P. 1983. Tree-group death in North American and Hawaiian forests: a
pathological problem or a new problem for vegetative ecology?.
Phytocoenologia. 11(1): 117-137. [7852]
34. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant
geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843]
35. Sheffield, Raymond M.; Birch, Thomas W.; Leatherberry, Earl C.;
McWilliams, William H. 1989. The pine-hardwood resource in the eastern
United States. In: Waldrop, Thomas A., ed. Proceedings of pine-hardwood
mixtures: a symposium on management and ecology of the type; 1989 April
18-19; Atlanta, GA. Gen. Tech. Rep. SE-58. Asheville, SC: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest
Experiment Station: 9-19. [10252]
36. Shelburne, Victor B.; Reardon, John C.; Paynter, Valerie A. 1991. The
effect of acid rain and ozone exposure on growth parameters of shortleaf
pine. In: Coleman, Sandra S.; Neary, Daniel G., comps., eds.
Proceedings, 6th biennial southern silvicultural research conference;
1990 October 30 - November 1; Memphis, TN. Vol. 1. Gen. Tech. Rep.
SE-70. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Southeastern Forest Experiment Station: 323-331. [17732]
37. Shelton, Michael G.; Murphy, Paul A. 1991. Age and size structure of a
shortleaf pine-oak stand in the Ouachita Mountains--implications for
uneven aged management. In: Coleman, Sandra S.; Neary, Daniel G.,
compilers. Proceedings, 6th biennial southern silvicultural research
conference: Volume 2; 1990 October 30 - November 1; Memphis, TN. Gen.
Tech. Rep. SE-70. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station: 616-629. [17505]
38. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982.
National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names.
SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p. [11573]
39. Vogel, Willis G. 1981. A guide for revegetating coal minespoils in the
eastern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-68. Broomall, PA: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest
Experiment Station. 190 p. [15577]
40. Waggoner, Gary S. 1975. Eastern deciduous forest, Vol. 1: Southeastern
evergreen and oak-pine region. Natural History Theme Studies No. 1, NPS
135. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park
Service. 206 p. [16103]
41. Walker, Laurence C. 1991. The southern forest: A chronicle. Austin, TX:
University of Texas Press. 322 p. [17597]
42. Walker, Laurence C.; Wiant, Harry V., Jr. 1966. Silviculture of
shortleaf pine. Bull. No. 9. Nacogdoches, TX: Stephen F. Austin State
College, School of Forestry. 59 p. [14569]
43. Wasser, Clinton H. 1982. Ecology and culture of selected species useful
in revegetating disturbed lands in the West. FWS/OBS-82/56. Washington,
DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 347 p.
[15400]
44. Williamson, Malcolm J. 1964. Burning does not control young hardwoods on
shortleaf pine sites in the Cumberland Plateau. Res. Note CS-19.
Columbus, OH: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Central
States Forest Experiment Station. 4 p. [10999]
45. Wright, Henry A.; Bailey, Arthur W. 1982. Fire ecology: United States
and southern Canada. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 501 p. [2620]
46. Yocom, Herbert A. 1972. Burning to reduce understory hardwoods in the
Arkansas Mountains. Res. Note SO-145. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 3 p.
[11847]
47. Yocom, Herbert A.; Lawson, Edwin R. 1977. Tree percent from naturally
regenerated shortleaf pine. Southern Journal of Applied Forestry. 1(2):
10-11. [10643]
Related categories for Species: Pinus echinata
| Shortleaf Pine
|
 |
