DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Alnus rugosa | Speckled Alder 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Speckled alder is most common in the region surrounding the Great Lakes
and the St. Lawrence Seaway, including east-cental Canada, the Maritime
Provinces, and the Northeast and Lake States.  It is listed as the most
prominent (in biomass) understory shrub in Michigan's Upper Peninsula
[44].  In addition, speckled alder occurs sporadically throughout all
the remaining Canadian provinces and south along the Appalachian
Mountians to West Virginia and Maryland.  It is restricted to higher
elevations at the southern limit of its range [25,27,49].
 


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES19  Aspen - birch


STATES : 
     CT  DE  IL  IN  IA  KY  ME  MD  MA  MI
     MN  NH  NJ  NY  OH  PA  RI  SD  VT  VA
     WV  WI  AB  BC  LB  MB  NB  NF  NT  NS
     ON  PE  PQ  SK  YT


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ACAD  APIS  BLRI  CACO  CUVA  DEWA
     INDU  ISRO  MORR  PIRO  ROCR  SARA
     SLBE  VOYA


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
NO-ENTRY


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K093  Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
   K094  Conifer bog
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K106  Northern hardwoods
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K108  Northern hardwoods - spruce forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
    1  Jack pine
    5  Balsam fir
   12  Black spruce
   13  Black spruce - tamarack
   16  Aspen
   20  White pine - norhtern red oak - red maple
   32  Red spruce
   35  Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
   37  Northern white cedar
   38  Tamarack


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Speckled alder is frequently found in riparian, bog, and nutrient-rich
swamp communities [13,17].  It often dominates the understory shrub
layer in lowland stands of balsam fir (Abies balsamea), red spruce
(Picea rubens), northern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis), red maple
(Acer rubrum), jack pine (Pinus banksiana), tamarack (Larix laricina),
balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera), aspen (Populus spp.), birch (Betula
spp.), and black spruce (Picea mariana) [3,15,19,31,33,34,51,53,62].
Other associates include cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamonea), high-bush
blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), Sphagnum spp., and Carex spp. [17].

Published classification schemes that list speckled alder as a dominant
in community types (cts) or plant associations (pas) include:

   Area               Classification            Authority
        
NF                      forest cts              Damman 1964
PQ: St.Lawrence Valley  general veg. pas        Dansereau 1957

Related categories for Species: Alnus rugosa | Speckled Alder