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You are here >1Up Info > Wildlife, Animals, and Plants > Plant Species > Shrub > Species: Arctostaphylos viscida | Whiteleaf Manzanita
 

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BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIES: Arctostaphylos viscida | Whiteleaf Manzanita
GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS : Whiteleaf manzanita is an erect, long-lived, native evergreen shrub. It ranges from 3 to 13 feet (1-4 m) high, with spreading branches covering an average area of 16 square feet (1.5 sq m). Its bark is continually shed [36]. The leaves, pedicels, and fruits are often glandular-viscid. Its fruit is a drupe containing hardcoated seeds [2,13,35]. The laterally spreading, shallow roots usually penetrate less than 8 inches belowground (20 cm) [10,39]. RAUNKIAER LIFE FORM : Phanerophyte REGENERATION PROCESSES : Sexual: Whiteleaf manzanita reproduces by seed [13]. Seeds are dispersed by animals and can remain dormant in seedbanks for decades [3,22,33]. Seeds require scarification prior to germination. This may occur by heat, mechanically, or chemically [3,15,26]. Seeds require overwinter stratification after scarification has occurred [26]. Seeds are produced annually, although production slows during drought years [39]. Seedling mortality is low [33]. Vegetative: All manzanita species can regenerate by layering [2]. SITE CHARACTERISTICS : Whiteleaf manzanita is typically found on dry, sunny slopes [37]. Climate: Whiteleaf manzanita occurs in a mediterranean climate, with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers [22,23]. Elevation: Whiteleaf manzanita occurs at elevations of 500 to 5,000 feet (152-1,524 m) [37]. Soil: Whiteleaf manzanita grows in shallow, rocky, sandy soil [31]. Some populations have adapted to serpentine soil [33]. SUCCESSIONAL STATUS : Whiteleaf manzanita is shade intolerant [7,11]. It is both a resisdual colonizer and a survivor in disturbed communities [22,30]. Whiteleaf manzanita communities are sometimes seral to coniferous forest or oak woodland [30]. Manzanita chaparral, however, is considered a temporally and spatially stable community, and is often described as climax or pyric climax [22,23]. SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT : Whiteleaf manzanita flowers from February to April [36]. Fruits appear in early summer and ripen in late summer or early fall. Seeds are dispersed from late summer until the following spring [2]. Growth begins in February and ceases in June with the onset of summer drought [24].

Related categories for Species: Arctostaphylos viscida | Whiteleaf Manzanita

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Information Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Fire Effects Information System

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