DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES : Ceanothus integerrimus | Deerbrush 


GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Deer brush occurs in the Cascade Range from southwestern Washington to
California.  In California, where deer brush is most abundant,
distribution continues south to the southern Sierra Nevada and west
through the Klamath and North Coast ranges, the San Francisco Bay Area,
and the South Coast, Transverse, and Peninsular ranges to Baja
California.  Disjunct populations occur in the Warner Mountains of
California, central Arizona, southeastern Arizona, and west-central New
Mexico [21,31,32].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES20  Douglas-fir
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES23  Fir-spruce
   FRES28  Western hardwoods
   FRES34  Chaparral-mountain shrub


STATES : 
     AZ  CA  NM  OR  WA  MEXICO



BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    1  Northern Pacific Border
    2  Cascade Mountains
    3  Southern Pacific Border
    4  Sierra Mountains
    5  Columbia Plateau
    7  Lower Basin and Range
   12  Colorado Plateau


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K003  Silver fir-Douglas-fir forest
   K005  Mixed conifer forest
   K007  Red fir forest
   K010  Ponderosa shrub forest
   K019  Arizona pine forest 
   K026  Oregon oakwoods
   K028  Mosaic of K002 and K026
   K029  California mixed evergreen forest
   K030  California oakwoods
   K033  Chaparral
   K034  Montane chaparral


SAF COVER TYPES : 
   207  Red fir
   211  White fir
   229  Pacific Douglas-fir
   233  Oregon white oak
   234  Douglas-fir-tanoak-Pacific madrone
   243  Sierra Nevada mixed conifer
   244  Pacific ponderosa pine-Douglas-fir
   245  Pacific ponderosa pine
   246  California black oak
   249  Canyon live oak
   250  Blue oak-foothills pine


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
   201  Blue oak woodland
   206  Chamise chaparral
   208  Ceanothus mixed chaparral
   209  Montane shrubland
   415  Curlleaf mountain-mahogany
   422  Riparian
   503  Arizona chaparral


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Deer brush is a component of chaparral communties including Arizona
chaparral.  In the Cascade-Sierra Nevada cordillera, it is most common
in montane chaparral but also occurs in upper, moister portions of
lower-elevation chaparral types such as chamise (Adenostoma
fasciculatum) and manzanita (Arctostaphylos spp.) [14,74].

Deer brush grows in the understories of conifer and oak (Quercus spp.)
communites [39,54,55,82] and in scattered patches within timberlands and
woodlands.  Patches of decadent deer brush are common in open Coulter
pine (Pinus coulteri) stands [82].  Deer brush often dominates early
successional stages of low-elevation conifer communities [33].  About 16
thousand acres (6,400 ha) of California's timberland is occupied by deer
brush fields [16].

In Arizona chaparral, deer brush occurs in Turbinella oak (Q.
turbinella)-shrub and Pringle manzanita (A. pringlei) communities
[20,23].  Deer brush also occurs in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var.
arizonica and P. p. var. scopulorum) and riparian forests of Arizona.
In New Mexico, it occurs primarily in riparian forest [21].

Plant associates:  Shrub associates in Turbinella oak-shrub communities
of Arizona include birchleaf mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides),
banana yucca (Yucca bacata), and yellowleaf silktassel (Garrya
flavescens) [21].

Associates in montane chaparral include manzanitas, especially
whiteleaf manzanita (A. viscida), pale serviceberry (Amelanchier
pallida), chaparral whitethorn (Ceanothus leucodermis), oceanspray
(Holodiscus discolor), and twinberry honeysuckle (Lonicera involucrata)
[33].

Shrub associates in coniferous forest of California and Oregon include
Sierra mountain misery (Chamaebatia foliosus) [6], whitethorn ceanothus
(Ceanothus cordulatus), gooseberries and currants (Ribes spp.), and
manzanitas [22].

Overstory tree associates of deer brush not previously listed as Kuchler
[47] or SAF [24] types include incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens),
sugar pine (P. lambertiana) [45,54], giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron
giganteum) [44,84], bigcone Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga macrocarpa),
interior live oak (Q. wislizenii), Nuttall's scrub oak (Q. dumosa) [33],
California buckeye (Aesculus californica) [9], and Baker cypress
(Cupressus bakeri) [70].

Publications describing plant communities in which deer brush is a
dominant component of the vegetation follow.

A classification system for California's hardwood rangelands [3]
California chaparral [30]
Preliminary descriptions of the terrestrial natural communities of
  California [33]
Montane and subalpine vegetation of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Ranges [64]
Montane and subalpine forests of the Transverse and Peninsular ranges [78]
An introduction to the plant communities of the Santa Ana and San Jacinto
  mountains [82]

Related categories for SPECIES : Ceanothus integerrimus | Deerbrush