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Wildlife, Animals, and Plants
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Introductory
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
ABBREVIATION :
CHAMIL
SYNONYMS :
Spiraea millefolium Torr. [20]
SCS PLANT CODE :
CHMI2
COMMON NAMES :
desert sweet
fernbush
tansy bush
TAXONOMY :
The currently accepted scientific name of desert sweet is Chamaebatiaria
millefolium (Torr.) Maxim. [7,8,13,20]. It is in the family Rosaceae.
There are no recognized subspecies, varieties, or forms.
LIFE FORM :
Shrub
FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS :
No special status
OTHER STATUS :
NO-ENTRY
COMPILED BY AND DATE :
Robin F. Matthews, July 1994
LAST REVISED BY AND DATE :
NO-ENTRY
AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION :
Matthews, Robin F. 1994. Chamaebatiaria millefolium. In: Remainder of Citation
DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION :
Desert sweet is distributed from Oregon, Idaho, and Wyoming, south
through eastern California, Nevada, Utah, and northern Arizona
[7,8,12,13,20].
ECOSYSTEMS :
FRES26 Lodgepole pine
FRES28 Western hardwoods
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES34 Chaparral - mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon - juniper
STATES :
AZ CA ID NV OR UT WY
ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS :
CRMO DEVA GRCA GRBA LAME LAVO
LABE WACA
BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS :
4 Sierra Mountains
5 Columbia Plateau
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
8 Northern Rocky Mountains
9 Middle Rocky Mountains
10 Wyoming Basin
12 Colorado Plateau
KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS :
K008 Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
K022 Great Basin pine forest
K023 Juniper - pinyon woodland
K024 Juniper steppe woodland
K037 Mountain-mahogany - oak scrub
K038 Great Basin sagebrush
K055 Sagebrush steppe
SAF COVER TYPES :
209 Bristlecone pine
217 Aspen
219 Limber pine
220 Rocky Mountain juniper
238 Western juniper
239 Pinyon - juniper
SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES :
NO-ENTRY
HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES :
Desert sweet and purple Dorr's sage (Salvia dorrii ssp. carnosa)-desert
sweet habitat types at Lava Beds National Monument, California, occur on
rocky basalt lava flows where disturbance by man, fire, and grazing are
very low [3].
Desert sweet occurs in pinyon (Pinus spp.)-juniper (Juniperus spp.)
woodlands in Arizona with true pinyon (P. edulis), singleleaf pinyon (P.
monophylla), Utah juniper (J. osteosperma), and oneseed juniper (J.
monosperma). Other associated species include broom snakeweed
(Gutierrezia sarothrae), scrub oak (Quercus turbinella), cliffrose
(Cowania mexicana), dwarf rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus depressus), rubber
rabbitbrush (C. nauseosus), antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata),
Fremont barberry (Berberis fremontii), green ephedra (Ephedra viridis),
Saskatoon serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia), banana yucca (Yucca
baccata), cholla or prickly pear (Opuntia spp.), blue grama (Bouteloua
gracilis), Arizona fescue (Festuca arizonica), and prairie junegrass
(Koeleria cristata) [10,11,14].
At upper elevations of the singleleaf pinyon (P. ,omophylla)-Utah
juniper (J. osteosperma) zone in the White Mountains of California,
desert sweet is associated with Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus
longaeva), limber pine (P. flexilis), wax currant (Ribes cereum), green
ephedra, desert bitterbrush (Purshia glandulosa), oceanspray (Holodiscus
spp.), and low rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus) [16].
VALUE AND USE
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
WOOD PRODUCTS VALUE :
NO-ENTRY
IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE :
Desert sweet is browsed by sheep, goats, and deer, but is not abundant
enough to be considered an important browse species [6,8,12].
PALATABILITY :
Desert sweet is not palatable to cattle or horses [2].
NUTRITIONAL VALUE :
NO-ENTRY
COVER VALUE :
Desert sweet provides fair cover for antelope, upland game birds, small
nongame birds, and small mammals [2].
VALUE FOR REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SITES :
Desert sweet may be moderately useful for erosion control in Utah [2].
OTHER USES AND VALUES :
Native Americans in the Great Basin area made a tea from desert sweet
leaves for use in the alleviation of cramps and stomachaches [12].
MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS :
NO-ENTRY
BOTANICAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
GENERAL BOTANICAL CHARACTERISTICS :
Desert sweet is a densely branched, aromatic shrub 3.3 to 6.6 feet (1-3
m) tall. The stems and herbage are glandular and stellate-pubescent
when young. Desert sweet leaves are 0.4 to 3.2 inches (1-8 cm) long and
are twice-pinnately compound. They resemble minute fern fronds. The
inflorescence is a panicle or raceme and the fruit is a follicle with
few seeds [7,8,12,13,20].
RAUNKIAER LIFE FORM :
Phanerophyte
REGENERATION PROCESSES :
Little information concerning reproduction in desert sweet is available
in the literature. No pregermination treatment is required for fresh
seeds, although stored seeds require 3 months of cold-moist
stratification prior to planting [21].
SITE CHARACTERISTICS :
Desert sweet is generally found in dry, rocky habitats [7,12,13] from
4,500 to 8,000 feet (1,360-2,400 m) elevation in Arizona [8], and from
about 3,000 to 11,000 feet (900-3,300 m) elevation in California [7,13].
In eastern Nevada desert sweet is found in mountain brush communities at
intermediate elevations on xeric, rocky sites, usually on soils of
limestone parent materials [18].
Desert sweet grows well on gravel, sandy loam, loam, and clay loam soils [2].
SUCCESSIONAL STATUS :
NO-ENTRY
SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT :
Desert sweet flowers from July to November in Arizona [8] and from June
to August in California [13].
FIRE ECOLOGY
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
FIRE ECOLOGY OR ADAPTATIONS :
No information on fire ecology or related topics (conditions for
regeneration, sprouting ability, or successional role) was found in the
literature.
POSTFIRE REGENERATION STRATEGY :
NO-ENTRY
FIRE EFFECTS
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT :
NO-ENTRY
DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT :
NO-ENTRY
PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE :
NO-ENTRY
DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE :
NO-ENTRY
FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS :
NO-ENTRY
REFERENCES
SPECIES: Chamaebatiaria millefolium | Desert Sweet
REFERENCES :
1. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals,
reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's
associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO:
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p.
[434]
2. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information
network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and
Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior,
Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806]
3. Erhard, Dean H. 1979. Plant communities and habitat types in the Lava
Beds National Monument, California. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State
University. 173 p. Thesis. [869]
4. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and
Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]
5. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others].
1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range
ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998]
6. Hayes, Doris W.; Garrison, George A. 1960. Key to important woody plants
of eastern Oregon and Washington. Agric. Handb. 148. Washington, DC:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 227 p. [1109]
7. Hickman, James C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of
California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1400 p.
[21992]
8. Kearney, Thomas H.; Peebles, Robert H.; Howell, John Thomas; McClintock,
Elizabeth. 1960. Arizona flora. 2d ed. Berkeley, CA: University of
California Press. 1085 p. [6563]
9. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation
of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York:
American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384]
10. Lowe, Charles H. 1964. Arizona's natural environment: Landscapes and
habitats. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press. 136 p. [20736]
11. Merkle, John. 1952. An analysis of a pinyon-juniper community at Grand
Canyon, Arizona. Ecology. 33: 375-384. [1640]
12. Mozingo, Hugh N. 1987. Shrubs of the Great Basin: A natural history.
Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. 342 p. [1702]
13. Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA:
University of California Press. 1905 p. [6155]
14. Nichol, A. A. [revisions by Phillips, W. S.]. 1952. The natural
vegetation of Arizona. Tech. Bull. 68 [revision]. Tucson, AZ: University
of Arizona, Agricultural Experiment Station: 189-230. [3928]
15. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant
geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843]
16. St. Andre, G.; Mooney, H. A.; Wright, R. D. 1965. The pinyon woodland
zone in the White Mountains of California. American Midland Naturalist.
73(1): 225-239. [2217]
17. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern
Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire
Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 7 p. [20090]
18. Tueller, Paul T. 1989. Vegetation and land use in Nevada. Rangelands.
11(5): 204-210. [9295]
19. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982.
National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names.
SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p. [11573]
20. Welsh, Stanley L.; Atwood, N. Duane; Goodrich, Sherel; Higgins, Larry
C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo,
UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p. [2944]
21. Young, James A.; Young, Cheryl G. 1986. Collecting, processing and
germinating seeds of wildland plants. Portland, OR: Timber Press. 236 p.
[12232]
Index
Related categories for Species: Chamaebatiaria millefolium
| Desert Sweet
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