DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Cornus canadensis | Bunchberry 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Bunchberry grows from Greenland and Labrador west to Alaska and south in
the mountains to New Mexico and Kentucky.  It is also found in
northeastern Asia [96].  It grows on the northern Great Plains in
Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, and eastern Colorado [35].  Bunchberry
grows south to Mendocino County in northern California [65].  South of
the northernmost states its distribution is sporadic [21].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES15  Oak - hickory
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES19  Aspen - birch
   FRES20  Douglas-fir
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES22  Western white pine
   FRES23  Fir - spruce
   FRES24  Hemlock - Sitka spruce
   FRES25  Larch
   FRES26  Lodgepole pine
   FRES27  Redwood


STATES : 
     AK  CA  CO  CT  DE  ID  IL  KY  ME  MA
     MI  MN  MT  NE  NH  NY  ND  OR  PA  RI
     SD  VT  WA  WI  AB  BC  MB  NB  NF  NS
     ON  PE  PQ  SK


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ACAD  APIS  CRLA  CUVA  DENA  GLBA
     GLAC  GRTE  INDU  ISRO  LACL  MORA
     MOSA  NOCA  OLYM  PIRO  ROMO  SHEN
     SLBE  VOYA  WICA  WRST  YELL  YUCH


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    1  Northern Pacific Border
    2  Cascade Mountains
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains
    9  Middle Rocky Mountains
   10  Wyoming Basin
   11  Southern Rocky Mountains
   15  Black Hills Uplift


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K001  Spruce - cedar - hemlock forest
   K002  Cedar - hemlock - Douglas-fir forest
   K003  Silver fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K004  Fir - hemlock forest
   K005  Mixed conifer forest
   K006  Redwood forest
   K008  Lodgepole pine - subalpine forest
   K011  Western ponderosa forest
   K012  Douglas-fir forest
   K013  Cedar - hemlock - pine forest
   K014  Grand fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K015  Western spruce - fir forest
   K017  Black Hills pine forest
   K018  Pine - Douglas-fir forest
   K020  Spruce - fir - Douglas-fir forest
   K093  Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
   K094  Conifer bog
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K096  Northeastern spruce - fir forest
   K100  Oak - hickory forest
   K102  Beech - maple forest
   K106  Northern hardwoods
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K108  Northern hardwoods - spruce forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
     1  Jack pine
     5  Balsam fir
    12  Black spruce
    13  Black spruce - tamarack
    15  Red pine
    21  Eastern white pine
    22  White pine - hemlock
    23  Eastern hemlock
    24  Hemlock - yellow birch
    25  Sugar maple - beech - yellow birch
    26  Sugar maple - basswood
    30  Red spruce - yellow birch
    31  Red spruce - sugar maple - beech
    32  Red spruce
    33  Red spruce - balsam fir
    35  Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
    37  Northern white cedar
    60  Beech - sugar maple
   107  White spruce
   108  Red maple
   201  White spruce
   202  White spruce - paper birch
   204  Black spruce
   205  Mountain hemlock
   206  Engelmann spruce - subalpine fir
   210  Interior Douglas-fir
   211  White fir
   212  Western larch
   213  Grand fir
   215  Western white pine
   216  Blue spruce
   217  Aspen
   218  Lodgepole pine
   223  Sitka spruce
   224  Western hemlock
   225  Western hemlock - Sitka spruce
   226  Coastal true fir - hemlock
   227  Western redcedar - western hemlock
   228  Western redcedar
   229  Pacific Douglas-fir
   230  Douglas-fir - western hemlock
   232  Redwood
   252  Paper birch
   253  Black spruce - white spruce
   254  Black spruce - paper birch


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Bunchberry is classified as a mesophytic species which indicates moist
forest types [79].  In west-central Alberta lodgepole pine (Pinus
contorta)-white spruce (Picea glauca) forests, bunchberry consistently
dominated the forb group in all forest types [54].  In British Columbia,
it is ubiquitous and thus a poor indicator [74].  Published
classification schemes listing bunchberry as an indicator species or as
a community dominant are presented below.

Forest community types of west-central Alberta in relation to selected
  environmental factors [12]
Classification, description, and dynamics of plant communities after
  fire in the taiga of interior Alaska [25]
Ecoclass coding system for the Pacific Northwest plant associations [38]
Plant association and management guide for the western hemlock zone:
  Mt. Hood National Forest [41]
Plant association and management guide for the Pacific silver zone, Mt.
  Hood and Willamette National Forests [47] 
Plant association management guide: Willamette National Forest [48]
Ecosystem classification and interpretation of the sub-boreal spruce
  zone, Prince Rupert Forest Region, British Columbia [74]
Plant association and management guide for the western hemlock zone:
  Gifford Pinchot National Forest [92]

Associated species:  In moist northern forests bunchberry grows with a
typical group of herbs called the Cornus-Linnaea synusia, which include
twinflower (Linnaea borealis), greenish flowered wintergreen (Pyrola
virens), dwarf red blackberry (Rubus pubescens), starflower (Trientalis
borealis), and kidney-leaved violet (Viola renifolia) [79].  Other
species commonly found with bunchberry include sweetscented bedstraw
(Galium triflorum), coltsfoot (Petasites palmatus), Canada mayflower,
starflower, goldthread (Coptis groenlandica), prince's pine (Chimaphila
umbellata), wild sarsaparilla, pink lady's-slipper (Cypripedium acaule),
twinflower, bluebead lily (Clintonia borealis), Indian cucumber-root
(Medeola virginiana), mountain wood-sorrel (Oxalis montana), sidebells
pyrola (Pyrola secunda), and painted trillium (Trillium undulatum)
[7,79].  In Nova Scotia it is associated with Schreber's moss
(Pleurozium schreberi) following logging [97].

Related categories for Species: Cornus canadensis | Bunchberry