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You are here >1Up Info > Wildlife, Animals, and Plants > Plant Species > Shrub > SPECIES: Ephedra viridis | Green Ephedra
 

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DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE

SPECIES: Ephedra viridis | Green Ephedra

GENERAL DISTRIBUTION:



Green ephedra is found extensively in the Great Basin Region, from the southwest corner of Wyoming and western Colorado, south to northern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southeastern California, and north to Harney County, Oregon [19,35,38,39,41,46,47,99,104]. It has also been found in the Colorado, Little Colorado, and San Juan river drainages, and in the Rio Grande drainage south from Santa Fe into west Texas and Chihuahua, Mexico [97].

ECOSYSTEMS [33]:



FRES21 Ponderosa pine
FRES29 Sagebrush
FRES30 Desert shrub
FRES33 Southwestern shrub steppe
FRES34 Chaparral-mountain shrub
FRES35 Pinyon-juniper
FRES36 Mountain grasslands
FRES40 Desert grasslands

STATES:



AZ CA CO ID NV
NM OR TX UT WY
 
MEXICO
 

BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS [5]:



3 Southern Pacific Border
4 Sierra Mountains
6 Upper Basin and Range
7 Lower Basin and Range
10 Wyoming Basin
11 Southern Rocky Mountains
12 Colorado Plateau  

KUCHLER [50] PLANT ASSOCIATIONS:



K018 Pine-Douglas-fir forest
K019 Arizona pine forest
K022 Great Basin pine forest
K023 Juniper-pinyon woodland
K024 Juniper steppe woodland
K033 Chaparral
K037 Mountain-mahogany-oak scrub
K038 Great Basin sagebrush
K039 Blackbrush
K040 Saltbush-greasewood
K041 Creosotebush
K044 Creosotebush-tarbush
K053 Grama-galleta steppe
K054 Grama-tobosa prairie
K055 Sagebrush steppe
K057 Galleta-threeawn shrubsteppe
K058 Grama-tobosa shrubsteppe
K059 Trans-Pecos shrub savanna

SAF COVER TYPES [28]:



211 White fir
237 Interior ponderosa pine
239 Pinyon-juniper
240 Arizona cypress
241 Western live oak
243 Sierra Nevada mixed conifer
247 Jeffrey pine
250 Blue oak-foothills pine

SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES [77]:



104 Antelope bitterbrush-bluebunch wheatgrass
107 Western juniper/big sagebrush/bluebunch wheatgrass
206 Chamise chaparral
207 Scrub oak mixed chaparral
210 Bitterbrush
211 Creosote bush scrub
212 Blackbrush
320 Black sagebrush-bluebunch wheatgrass
401 Basin big sagebrush
402 Mountain big sagebrush
403 Wyoming big sagebrush
405 Black sagebrush
406 Low sagebrush
408 Other sagebrush types
412 Juniper-pinyon woodland
414 Salt desert shrub
415 Curlleaf mountain-mahogany
416 True mountain-mahogany
417 Littleleaf mountain-mahogany
421 Chokecherry-serviceberry-rose
501 Saltbush-greasewood
502 Grama-galleta
504 Juniper-pinyon pine woodland
505 Grama-tobosa shrub
508 Creosotebush-tarbush
509 Transition between oak-juniper woodland and mahogany-oak association

HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES:



Green ephedra is a constituent in a variety of plant associations but is rarely referred to as a dominant or subdominant species. It has, however, been identified as a dominant on the upland bench of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico in the galleta (Hilaria jamesii)-blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis)-fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens) vegetation type [20], and in a cold desert community of Wupatki National Monument in northern Arizona [15]. It has also been identified as a dominant in some sagebrush (Artemisia spp.)-grasslands [6] and pinyon (Pinus spp.)-juniper (Juniperus spp.) woodlands [10,30,89,91]. It is often present with low or moderate occurrence in Joshua tree (Yucca brevifolia) [66,99], blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) [9,14,32,43,65,73,100,101] desert shrub [13,15,23,35,61,71,72,74,91,98,99,100], sagebrush [7,41,54,56,64,65,72,74,88,93,99,100,101,105,106,108], desert grassland [58,65,99,100,101,102], and pinyon-juniper communities [3,13,18,39,42,54,55,61,64,69,74,79,80,86,99,104,106,108].

The following species have been identified as common associates of green ephedra [99]:

creosotebush (Larrea tridentata)
shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia)
fourwing saltbush
big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)
galleta
sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus)
Utah serviceberry (Amelanchier utahensis)

Green ephedra is also associated with the following Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma) habitat types [8]:

Utah juniper/black sagebrush (Artemisia nova)/Indian rice grass (Achnatherum hymenoides)
Utah juniper/black sagebrush/rock
Utah juniper/littleleaf mountain-mahogany (Cercocarpus intricatus)


Related categories for SPECIES: Ephedra viridis | Green Ephedra

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Information Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Fire Effects Information System

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