VALUE AND USE
SPECIES: Ilex decidua | Deciduous Holly 



WOOD PRODUCTS VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE : 
Deciduous holly fruits are consumed by small mammals, songbirds and game
birds, including eastern bluebirds, wild turkeys, and quail.  They are
also eaten by white-tailed deer [10,13].  White-tailed deer and cattle
browse both leaves and twigs [2].


PALATABILITY : 
NO-ENTRY


NUTRITIONAL VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


COVER VALUE : 
NO-ENTRY


VALUE FOR REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SITES : 



OTHER USES AND VALUES : 
Deciduous holly is planted as an ornamental [42].


MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
Deciduous holly is moderately tolerant to periodic flooding.  Mature
trees can withstand flooding of up to 35 percent of the growing season.
Saplings have survived 105 days of flooding from March to July [11].
Near Alton, Illinois, deciduous holly maintained vigorous growth through
4 years of continuous flooding, but declined in the fifth year [9].  It
is more likely to survive in frequently flooded plots than is common
persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) or elms (Ulmus spp.)  [37].

Deciduous holly can supress regeneration of timber species [10].

Control:  Deciduous holly is susceptible to stem injection of 2,4-D and
glyphosate [10,22].  Deciduous holly seedling counts were highest on
bottomland hardwood sites that had been harvested and site-prepared by
herbicide stem injection of all stems larger than 2 inches (5 cm) d.b.h.
The lowest numbers of deciduous holly seedlings occurred on sites that
had been harvested and site-prepared by shearing [14].  When managing
for white-tailed deer, burning or slashing deciduous holly stems is
preferable to herbicide application; the sprouts resulting from those
treatments provide deer browse [10].

Deciduous holly is a good choice in plantings for wildlife; individual
plant fruit production is consistent from year to year, and a high
percentage (greater than 70 percent) of individuals bear fruit [28].

Increase:  Production of deciduous holly browse was highest under medium-
thinning intensity in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations [2].
Deciduous holly can be propagated by cuttings [42].

Related categories for Species: Ilex decidua | Deciduous Holly