DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Taxus candensis | Canada Yew 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Canada yew is found from Newfoundland west to Manitoba, south to
Virginia, Tennessee, Illinois, and Iowa [9,34,45].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES10  White - red - jack pine
   FRES11  Spruce - fir
   FRES18  Maple - beech - birch
   FRES19  Aspen - birch


STATES : 
     CT  IL  IN  IA  KY  ME  MD  MA  MI  MN
     NY  NC  OH  PA  TN  VT  VA  WV  WI  MB
     NB  NF  NS  ON  PE  PQ


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ACAD  APIS  CUVA  EFMO  GATE  ISRO
     MANA  PIRO  SHEN  SLBE  VOYA


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
NO-ENTRY


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K093  Great Lakes spruce - fir forest
   K094  Conifer bog
   K095  Great Lakes pine forest
   K096  Northeastern spruce - fir forest
   K097  Southeastern spruce - fir forest
   K102  Beech - maple forest
   K103  Mixed mesophytic forest
   K104  Appalachian oak forest
   K106  Northern hardwoods
   K107  Northern hardwoods - fir forest
   K108  Northern hardwoods - spruce forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
     1  Jack pine
     5  Balsam fir
    12  Black spruce
    13  Black spruce - tamarack
    17  Pin cherry
    19  Gray birch - red maple
    20  White pine - northern red oak - red maple
    21  Eastern white pine
    22  White pine - hemlock
    23  Eastern hemlock
    24  Hemlock - yellow birch
    25  Sugar maple - beech - yellow birch
    26  Sugar maple - basswood
    27  Sugar maple
    28  Black cherry - maple
    30  Red spruce - yellow birch
    31  Red spruce - sugar maple - beech
    32  Red spruce
    33  Red spruce - balsam fir
    34  Red spruce - Fraser fir
    35  Paper birch - red spruce - balsam fir
    37  Northern white-cedar
    38  Tamarack
    60  Beech - sugar maple
   108  Red maple


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Canada yew is a shrub-layer component of many forest associations,
including spruce-fir, mixed conifer-northern hardwoods, and northern
hardwoods [13].  It is indicative of cool and moist, old-growth
conditions [7].

Common understory associates in many forest types include mountain maple
(Acer spicatum), striped maple (A. pensylvanicum), beaked hazelnut
(Corylus cornuta), leatherwood (Dirca palustris), prickly gooseberry
(Ribes cynosbati), prickly currant (R. lacustre), red currant (R.
triste), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), serviceberries (Amelanchier
spp.), American fly honeysuckle (Lonicera canadensis), partidgeberry
(Mitchella repens), and scarlet elder (Sambucus pubens) [7,20,40].  In
addition to the above-mentioned species, shrub layer associates in
climax, eastern hemlock forests include alternate-leaved dogwood (Cornus
alternifolia) and hobblebush (Viburnum alnifolium) [28].  Ground layer
associates in many forest types include shining clubmoss (Lycopodim
lucidulum), common woodsorrel (Oxalis montana), wild lily-of-the-valley
(Maianthemum canadense), woodfern (Dryopteris spinulosa), and yellow
beadlily (Clintonia borealis) [7,24].  Bryophytes and lichens that are
common in the climax forests in which Canada yew occurs are feathermoss
(Pleurozium schreberi), dicranum mosses (Dicranum spp.), Ptilidium
pulcherrimum, and reindeer mosses (Cladonia spp.) [3].

Publications naming Canada yew as an indicator or shrub-layer dominant
include the following:

The principal plant associations of the Saint Lawrence Valley [7].
Wilderness ecology: virgin plant communities of the Boundary Waters 
  Canoe Area [29].

Related categories for Species: Taxus candensis | Canada Yew