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REFERENCES

SPECIES: Abies amabilis | Pacific Silver Fir
REFERENCES : 1. Agee, James K.; Finney, Mark; DeGouvenain, Roland. 1990. Forest fire history of Desolation Peak, Washington. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 20: 350-356. [11035] 2. Agee, James K.; Smith, Larry. 1984. Subalpine tree reestablishment after fire in the Olympic Mountains, Washington. Ecology. 65(3): 810-819. [6102] 3. Aho, Paul E. 1982. Decay problems in true fir stands. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 203-207. [6866] 4. Aho, P. E.; Filip, G. M. 1982. Incidence of wounding and Echinodontium tinctorium infection in advanced white fir regeneration. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 12(3): 705-708. [7919] 5. Aller, Alvin R. 1956. A taxonomic and ecological study of the flora of Monument Peak, Oregon. American Midland Naturalist. 56(2): 454-472. [6385] 6. Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. 1977. Northwest trees. Seattle, WA: The Mountaineers. 222 p. [4208] 7. Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. 1984. Timberline: Mountain and arctic forest frontiers. Seattle, WA: The Mountaineers. 304 p. [339] 8. Arnott, J. T.; Matthews, R. G. 1982. Nursery production of true firs in British Columbia. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 195-201. [6865] 9. Atzet, Thomas; McCrimmon, Lisa A. 1990. Preliminary plant associations of the southern Oregon Cascade Mountain Province. Grants Pass, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Siskiyou National Forest. 330 p. [12977] 10. Balfour, Patty M. 1989. Effects of forest herbicides on some important wildlife forage species. Victoria, BC: British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Research Branch. 58 p. [12148] 11. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434] 12. Brockway, Dale G.; Topik, Christopher; Hemstrom, Miles A.; Emmingham, William H. 1985. Plant association and management guide for the Pacific silver fir zone: Gifford Pinchot National Forest. R6-Ecol-130a. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 122 p. [525] 13. Carkin, Richard E.; Franklin, Jerry F.; Booth, Jack; Smith, Clark E. 1978. Seeding habits of upper-slope tree species. IV. Seed flight of noble fir and Pacific silver fir. Res. Note PNW-312. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 10 p. [7520] 14. Lane, Richard D. 1959. Managing young stands for quality production. In: What's known about managing eastern white pine. Stn. Pap. No. 121. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: 45-55. [13664] 15. Dickman, Alan; Cook, Stanton. 1989. Fire and fungus in a mountain hemlock forest. Canadian Journal of Botany. 67(7): 2005-2016. [13015] 16. Dyrness, C. T.; Franklin, J. F.; Moir, W. H. 1974. A preliminary classification of forest communities in the central portion of the western Cascades in Oregon. Bulletin No. 4. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, Ecosystem Analysis Studies, Coniferous Forest Biome. 123 p. [8480] 17. Edwards, D. G. W. 1986. Cone prediction, collection, and processing. In: Shearer, Raymond C., compiler. Proceedings--conifer tree seed in the Inland Mountain West symposium; 1985 August 5-6; Missoula, MT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-203. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 78-102. [12784] 18. Ryan, Michael G.; Covington, W. Wallace. 1986. Effect of a prescribed burn in ponderosa pine on inorganic nitrogen concentrations of mineral soil. Res. Note RM-464. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 5 p. [11984] 19. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905] 20. Filip, Gregory M. 1989. A model for estimating current & future timber vol. loss from stem decay caused by Heterobasidion annosum and other fungi in stands of true fir. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 123-128. [11331] 21. Filip, Gregory M.; Hoffman, James T. 1991. Root disease management in western-montane forest soils. In: Harvey, Alan E.; Neuenschwander, Leon F., compilers. Proceedings--management and productivity of western-montane forest soils; 1990 April 10-12; Boise, ID. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-280. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 167-170. [15981] 22. Filip, Gregory M.; Schmitt, Craig L. 1990. Rx for Abies: silvicultural options for diseased firs in Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-252. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 34 p. [15181] 23. Feller, M. C. 1983. Impacts of prescribed fire (slashburning) on forest productivity, soil erosion, and water quality on the coast. In: Trowbridge, R. L.; Macadam, A, eds. Prescribed fire- forest soils, symposium proceedings; 1982 March 2-3; Smithers, BC. Land Management Report Number 16. Victoria, BC: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests: 57-91. [8852] 24. Franklin, Jerry F. 1974. Abies Mill. fir. In: Schopmeyer, C. S., technical coordinator. Seeds of woody plants in the United States. Agric. Handb. 450. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 168-183. [7566] 25. Franklin, Jerry Forest. 1966. Vegetation and soils in the subalpine forests of the southern Washington Cascade Range. Pullman, WA: Washington State University. 132 p. Thesis. [10392] 26. Franklin, Jerry F. 1982. The true fir resource. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 1-6. [6600] 27. Franklin, Jerry F.; Dyrness, C. T. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-8. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 417 p. [961] 28. Baker, Frederick S. 1944. Mountain climates of the western United States. Ecological Monographs. 14(2): 223-254. [12932] 29. Gara, Robert I. 1982. Insect pests of true firs in the Pacific Northwest. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 157-159. [6771] 30. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998] 31. Gessel, S. P.; Klock, G. O. 1983. Mineral nutrition of true fir. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 77-83. [6764] 32. Gessel, Stanley P.; Oliver, Chadwick Dearing. 1982. Soil-site relationships and productivity of true firs. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 177-184. [6864] 33. Gockerell, E. C. 1966. Plantations on burned versus unburned areas. Journal of Forestry. 64(6): 392-394. [6430] 34. Halverson, Nancy M.; Emmingham, William H. 1982. Reforestation in the Cascades Pacific silver fir zone; a survey of sites and management experiences on the Gifford Pinchot, Mt. Hood and Willame. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service R-6 Area Guide R6-ECOL-091-1982. Pacific Northwest Region, Portland, Oregon 37 p. [12491] 35. Hemstrom, Miles A.; Franklin, Jerry F. 1982. Fire and other disturbances of the forests in Mount Rainier National Park. Quaternary Research. 18: 32-51. [6747] 36. Stanek, W.; Alexander, K.; Simmons, C. S. 1981. Reconnaissance of vegetation and soils along the Dempster Highway, Yukon Territory: I. Vegetation types. BC-X-217. Victoria, BC: Environment Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forest Research Centre. 32 p. [16526] 37. Vogt, Kristiina; Grier, Charles. 1983. Root growth and mycorrhizae in true firs. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 97-101. [6767] 38. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 730 p. [1168] 39. Huff, Mark H.; Manuwal, David A.; Putera, Judy A. 1991. Winter bird communities in the southern Washington Cascade Range. In: Ruggiero, Leonard F.; Aubry, Keith B.; Carey, Andrew B.; Huff, Mark H., technical coordinators. Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: 207-218. [17314] 40. Klaehn, F. U.; Winieski, J. A. 1962. Interspecific hybridization in the genus Abies. Silvae Genetica. 11: 130-142. [13494] 41. Klinka, K.; Krajina, V. J.; Ceska, A.; Scagel, A. M. 1989. Indicator plants of coastal British Columbia. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press. 288 p. [10703] 42. Krajina, V. J.; Klinka, K.; Worrall, J. 1982. Distribution and ecological characteristics of trees and shrubs of British Columbia. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia, Department of Botany and Faculty of Forestry. 131 p. [6728] 43. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384] 44. Lyon, L. Jack; Stickney, Peter F. 1976. Early vegetal succession following large northern Rocky Mountain wildfires. In: Proceedings, Tall Timbers fire ecology conference and Intermountain Fire Research Council fire and land management symposium; 1974 October 8-10; Missoula, MT. No. 14. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 355-373. [1496] 45. McLean, John A.; Salom, Scott M. 1989. Relative abundance of ambrosia beetles in an old-growth western hemlock/ Pacific silver fir forest and adjacent harvesting areas. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 4(4): 132-136. [9235] 46. Miller, Richard E.; Bigley, Richard E. 1990. Effects of burning Douglas-fir logging slash on stand development and site productivity. In: Gessel, S. P.; Lacate, D. S.; Weetman, G. F.; Powers, R. F, eds. Sustained productivity of forest soils: Proceedings, 7th North American soils conference; [Date of conference unknown]; [Location of conference unknown]. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry: 362-375. [15431] 47. Minore, Don. 1986. Germination, survival, and early growth of conifer seedlings in two habitat types. PNW-348. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 25 p. [12490] 48. Minore, Don;Dubrasich, Michael E. 1981. Regeneration after clearcutting in subalpine stands near Windigo Pass, Oregon. Journal of Forestry. September: 619-621. [6239] 49. Morris, William G. 1958. Influence of slash burning on regeneration, other plant cover, and fire hazard in the Douglas-fir region (A progress report). Res. Pap. PNW-29. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 49 p. [4803] 50. Parminter, John. 1983. Fire history and fire ecology in the Prince Rupert Forest region. In: Trowbridge, R. L.; Macadam, A., eds. Prescribed fire--forest soils: Symposium proceedings; 1982 March 2-3; Smithers, BC. Land Management Report Number 16. Victoria, BC: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests: 1-35. [8849] 51. Packee, Edward C.; Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Crawford, Peggy D. 1983. Ecology of Pacific silver fir. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 19-34. [6754] 52. Radwan, M. A.; Murray, M. D.; Kraft, J. M. 1989. Growth and foliar nutrient concentrations of Pacific silver fir. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 19: 1429-1435. [9847] 53. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843] 54. Ripple, William J.; Johnson, David H.; Hershey, K. T.; Meslow, E. Charles. 1991. Old-growth and mature forests near spotted owl nests in western Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management. 55(2): 316-318. [15164] 55. Aho, Paul E. 1977. Decay of grand fir in the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington. Res. Pap. PNW-229. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 18 p. [14235] 56. Russell, Kenelm W.; Thies, Walter G.; Campbell, Dan L.; [and others]. 1989. Effects of slash burning on forest damage from animals, insects, diseases, and adverse environment. In: Hanley, Donald P.; Kammenga, Jerry J.; Oliver, Chadwick D., eds. The burning decision: Regional perspectives on slash: Proceedings of the symposium; 1988 April 5-7; Seattle, WA. Contribution No. 66. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Research: 95-112. [11926] 57. Ruth, Robert H. 1974. Regeneration and growth of west-side mixed conifers. In: Camer, Owen P., ed. Environmental effects of forest residues in the Pacific Northwest: A state-of-knowledge compendium. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-24. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific NorthwestForest and Range Experiment Station: K-1 to K-21. [6381] 58. Schmitt, Craig L. 1989. Diagnosis of annosus root disease in mixed conifer forests in the northwestern United States. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 40-42. [11320] 59. Schmidt, R. G. 1957. The silvics and plant geography of the genus Abies in the coastal forests of British Columbia. Tech. Publ. T.46. Victoria, BC: British Columbia Department of Lands and Forests, British Columbia Forest Service. 31 p. [14237] 60. Spies, Thomas A.; Franklin, Jerry F. 1988. Old growth and forest dynamics in the Douglas-fir region of western Oregon and Washington. Natural Areas Journal. 8(3): 190-201. [7248] 61. Spies, Thomas A; Franklin, Jerry F. 1989. Gap characteristics and vegetation response in coniferous forests of the Pacific northwest. Ecology. 70(3): 543-545. [11395] 62. Sutherland, J. R.; Hunt, R. S. 1990. Diseases in reforestation. In: Lavender, D. P.; Parish, R.; Johnson, C. M.; [and others], eds. Regenerating British Columbia's forests. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press: 267-278. [10720] 63. Tanaka, Yasuomi. 1982. Biology of Abies seed production. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 103-111. [6768] 64. Topik, Christopher; Halverson, Nancy M.; Brockway, Dale G. 1986. Plant association and management guide for the western hemlock zone: Gifford Pichot National Forest. R6-ECOL-230A. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 132 p. [2351] 65. Tucker, Gabriel, F.; Hinckley, Thomas M.; Leverenz, Jerry; Jiang, Shi-Mei. 1987. Adjustments of foliar morphology in the acclimation of understory Pacific silver fir following clearcutting. Forest Ecology and Management. 21: 249-268. [11050] 66. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982. National list of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names. SCS-TP-159. Washington, DC. 416 p. [11573] 67. Ugolini, F. C. 1982. Soil development in the Abies amabilis zone of the central Cascades, Washington. In: Oliver, Chadwick Dearing; Kenady, Reid M., eds. Proceedings of the biology and management of true fir in the Pacific Northwest symposium; 1981 February 24-26; Seattle-Tacoma, WA. Contribution No. 45. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, College of Forest Resources: 165-173. [6863] 68. Viereck, L. A.; Dyrness, C. T.; Batten, A. R.; Wenzlick, K. J. 1992. The Alaska vegetation classification. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-286. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 278 p. [2431] 69. Houston, C. Stuart; Scott, Frank. 1992. The effect of man-made platforms on osprey reproduction at Loon Lake, Saskatchewan. Journal of Raptor Research. 26(3): 152-158. [18439] 70. Young, Elvira. 1989. Management of westside Washington conifer stands infected with Heterobasidion annosum. In: Otrosina, William J.; Scharpf, Robert F., technical coordinators. Proceedings of the symposium on research and management of annosus root disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in western North America; 1989 April 18-21; Monterey, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station: 150-152. [11334] 71. Zobel, Donald B.; Antos, Joseph A. 1991. Growth and development of natural seedlings of Abies and Tsuga in old-growth forest. Journal of Ecology. 70: 985-998. [18363] 72. Agee, James K. 1991. Fire history of Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest. In: Ruggiero, Leonard F.; Aubry, Keith B.; Carey, Andrew B.; Huff, Mark H., technical coordinators. Wildlife and vegetation of unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-285. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: 25-33. [17303]

Related categories for Species: Abies amabilis | Pacific Silver Fir

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