VALUE AND USE
SPECIES: Pinus quadrifolia | Parry Pinyon 



WOOD PRODUCTS VALUE : 
Parry pinyon wood is close-grained, soft, and knotty [26].  It has
little commercial value because of the tree's small size and poor growth
form.  It is used mainly for firewood and fenceposts [20,34].
  


IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE : 
Parry pinyon seeds are an important food source for many species of
birds and small mammals [1,18].  Pinyon-juniper woodlands provide food
and shelter for deer, pronghorn, wild horses, and other species of
mammals and birds.  These woodlands have been extensively grazed by
livestock for more than 100 years [20].    


PALATABILITY : 
NO-ENTRY


NUTRITIONAL VALUE : 
The nutritional composition of Parry pinyon seeds are as follows:
protein, 11 percent; fat, 37 percent; carbohydrate, 44 percent [37].  


COVER VALUE : 
Parry pinyon provides cover for many species of birds [1].



VALUE FOR REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SITES : 
NO-ENTRY


OTHER USES AND VALUES : 
Parry pinyon produces a large, edible seed that is a staple food for
southwestern Native Americans [18,34].   


MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : 
When pinyon-juniper woodlands are harvested, reestablishment of conifers
can be hastened by avoiding damage to the residual stand of small trees
and seedlings and by providing a shading cover of slash over small
seedlings exposed to full sunlight [20].  

Insect defoliators that attack Parry pinyon include the larvae of gall
midges, caterpillars of pine cone moths, larvae of small weevils, and
pinyon cone beetles.  All of these insects attack cones or seeds
[18].  The pinyon Ips (Ips confusus) is endemic throughout pinyon range.
Adults and larvae of this bark beetle feed on the phloem of pines
[18,20].  Removal or burning of all pinyon slash larger than 3 inches (8
cm) in diameter after harvest will usually prevent pinyon Ips
populations from reaching epidemic proportions [20].    

Pinyon dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium divaricatum) causes reduced vigor
and occasional dieback in Parry pinyon.  It rarely causes death [20].  

Related categories for Species: Pinus quadrifolia | Parry Pinyon