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Location:
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Southeastern Europe, north of Greece
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Geographic coordinates:
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41 50 N, 22 00 E
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Map references:
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Europe
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Area:
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total: 25,333 sq km
water: 477 sq km
land: 24,856 sq km
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Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than Vermont
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Land boundaries:
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total: 766 km
border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 246 km, Serbia and Montenegro 221 km
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Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked)
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Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked)
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Climate:
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warm, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall
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Terrain:
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mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Vardar River 50 m
highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,753 m
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Natural resources:
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chromium, lead, zinc, manganese, tungsten, nickel, low-grade iron ore, asbestos, sulfur, timber, arable land
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Land use:
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arable land: 23.59%
permanent crops: 1.85%
other: 74.56% (1998 est.)
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Irrigated land:
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550 sq km (1998 est.)
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Natural hazards:
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high seismic risks
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Environment - current issues:
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air pollution from metallurgical plants
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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Geography - note:
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landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe
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