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Location:
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Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland and Russia
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Geographic coordinates:
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49 00 N, 32 00 E
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Map references:
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Asia, Europe
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Area:
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total: 603,700 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 603,700 sq km
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Texas
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Land boundaries:
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total: 4,663 km
border countries: Belarus 891 km, Hungary 103 km, Moldova 939 km, Poland 526 km, Romania (south) 169 km, Romania (west) 362 km, Russia 1,576 km, Slovakia 97 km
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Coastline:
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2,782 km
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Maritime claims:
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continental shelf: 200-m or to the depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
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Climate:
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temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm across the greater part of the country, hot in the south
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Terrain:
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most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m
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Natural resources:
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iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land
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Land use:
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arable land: 57.1%
permanent crops: 1.73%
other: 41.17% (1998 est.)
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Irrigated land:
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24,540 sq km (1998 est.)
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Natural hazards:
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NA
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Environment - current issues:
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inadequate supplies of potable water; air and water pollution; deforestation; radiation contamination in the northeast from 1986 accident at Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
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Geography - note:
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strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe
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