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Location:
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Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf, between Oman and Saudi Arabia
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Geographic coordinates:
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24 00 N, 54 00 E
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Map references:
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Middle East
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Area:
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total: 82,880 sq km
land: 82,880 sq km
water: 0 sq km
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Maine
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Land boundaries:
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total: 867 km
border countries: Oman 410 km, Saudi Arabia 457 km
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Coastline:
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1,318 km
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Maritime claims:
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contiguous zone: 24 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
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Climate:
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desert; cooler in eastern mountains
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Terrain:
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flat, barren coastal plain merging into rolling sand dunes of vast desert wasteland; mountains in east
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal Yibir 1,527 m
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Natural resources:
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petroleum, natural gas
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Land use:
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arable land: 0.48%
permanent crops: 0.49%
other: 99.03% (1998 est.)
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Irrigated land:
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720 sq km (1998 est.)
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Natural hazards:
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frequent sand and dust storms
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Environment - current issues:
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lack of natural freshwater resources compensated by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
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Geography - note:
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strategic location along southern approaches to Strait of Hormuz, a vital transit point for world crude oil
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