References for species: Tortula ruralis

1. Anderson, David C.; Harper, Kimball T.; Holmgren, Ralph C. 1982. Factors influencing development of Cryptogamic soil crusts in Utah deser deserts. Journal of Range Management. 35(2): 180-185. [5498]

2. Anderson, David C.; Harper, K. T.; Rushforth, S. R. 1982. Recovery of cryptogamic soil crusts from grazing on Utah winter ranges. Journal of Range Management. 35(3): 355-359. [5304]

3. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434]

4. Bonham, C. D.; Cottrell, T. R.; Mitchell, J. E. 1991. Inferences for life history strategies of Artemisia tridentata subspecies. Journal of Vegetation Science. 2(3): 339-344. [16599]

5. Brassard, G. R. 1971. The mosses of northern Ellesmere Island, arctic Canada. Bryologist. 74: 234-281. [21551]

6. Brotherson, Jack D.; Rushforth, Samuel R.; Johansen, Jeffrey R. 1983. Effects of long-term grazing on cryptogram crust cover in Navajo Nationa National Monument, Ariz. Journal of Range Management. 36(5): 579-581. [21581]

7. Clarke, G. C. S.; Duckett, J. G., eds. 1979. Bryophyte systematics. New York: Academic Press. 582 p. [21552]

8. Conard, Henry S. 1956. How to know the mosses and liverworts. Dubuque, IA: Wm.C. Brown Company Publishers. 226 p. [9927]

9. Crosby, Marshall R.; Magill, Robert E.; Bauer, Cheryl R. 1992. Index of mosses: 1963-1989. Monographs in Systematic Botany Volume 42. St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden. 646 p. [21063]

10. Crumm, H. A.; Anderson, L. E. 1981. Mosses of eastern North America. New York: Columbia University Press. 663 p. [21553]

11. Crum, Howard A.; Steere, William C.; Anderson, Lewis E. 1973. A new list of mosses of North America north of Mexico. Bryologist. 76: 85-130. [21580]

12. Daubenmire, R. 1970. Steppe vegetation of Washington. Technical Bulletin 62. Pullman, WA: Washington State University, College of Agriculture, Washington Agricultural Experiment Station. 131 p. [733]

13. Dhindsa, Rajinder S. 1985. Non-autotrophic CO2 fixation and drought tolerance in mosses. Journal of Experimental Botany. 36(167): 980-988. [20479]

14. Eckert, Richard E., Jr.; Peterson, Frederick F.; Emmerich, Fay L. 1987. A study of factors influencing secondary succession in the sagebrush [Artemisia spp. L.] type. In: Frasier, Gary W.; Evans, Raymond A., eds. Proceedings of the symposium: "Seed and seedbed ecology of rangeland plants"; 1987 April 21-23; Tucson, AZ. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service: 149-168. [3544]

15. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905]

16. Flowers, S. 1973. Mosses: Utah and the West. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press. 567 p. [21554]

17. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998]

18. Grout, A. J. 1903. Mosses with a hand-lens. New York: Grout, A. J. 416 p. [21555]

19. Hironaka, M.; Fosberg, M. A.; Winward, A. H. 1983. Sagebrush-grass habitat types of southern Idaho. Bulletin Number 35. Moscow, ID: University of Idaho, Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment Station. 44 p. [1152]

20. Hobbs, R. J.; Gimingham, C. H. 1984. Studies on fire in Scottish heathland communities. II. Post-fire vegetation development. Journal of Ecology. 72: 585-610. [19767]

21. Holden, Constance, ed. 1992. Miracle moss. Science. 257: 322. [19697]

22. Johansen, Jeffrey R.; St. Clair, Larry L. 1986. Croptogramic soil crusts: recovery from grazing near Camp Floyd State P Park, Utah, USA. The Great Basin Naturalist. 46(4): 632-640. [21579]

23. Johansen, Jeffrey R.; St. Clair, Larry L.; Webb, Bruce L; Nebeker, Glen T. 1984. Recovery patterns of cryptogamic soil crusts in desert rangelands following fire disturbance. Bryologist. 87(3): 238-243. [1264]

24. Gates, Cyndi A.; Tanner, George W. 1988. Effects of prescribed burning on herbaceous vegetation and pocket gophers (Geomys pinetis) in a sandhill community. Florida Scientist. 51(3/4): 129-139. [21582]

25. Kleiner, Edgar F. 1983. Successional trends in an ungrazed, arid grassland over a decade. Journal of Range Management. 36(1): 114-118. [21578]

26. Kleiner, E. F.; Harper, K. T. 1972. Environment and community organization in grasslands of Canyonlands National Park. Ecology. 53(2): 299-309. [6371]

27. Kleiner, Edgar F.; Harper, K. T. 1977. Soil properties in relation to cryptogramic groundcover in Canyonlands National Park. Journal of Range Management. 30(3): 202-205. [21630]

28. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384]

29. Lawton, E. 1971. Moss flora of the Pacific Northwest. [Place of publication unknown]: Hattor: Botanical Laboratory. [Pages unknown]. [21583]

30. Lesica, Peter; McCune, Bruce; Cooper, Stephen V.; Hong, Won Shic. 1991. Differences in lichen and bryophyte communities between old-growth and managed second-growth forests in the Swan Valley, Montana. Canadian Journal of Botany. 69: 1745-1755. [16295]

31. McCune, Bruce. 1977. Vegetation development on a low elevation talus slope in western Montana. Northwest Science. 51(3): 198-207. [21547]

32. Mishler, Brent D.; Oliver, Melvin J. 1988. Evolution of desiccation-tolerance in the Tortula ruralis complex. I. Di Distribution, habits, and water relationships. American Journal of Botany. 75(6/2): 516. [21548]

33. Mishler, Brent D.; Oliver, Melvin J. 1991. Gametophytic phenology of Tortula ruralis, a desiccation-tolerant moss, in the Organ Mountains of southern New Mexico. Bryologist. 94(2): 143-153. [19613]

34. Okoloko, G. E.; Bewley, J. Derek. 1982. Potentiation of sulphur dioxide induced inhibition of protein synthesis by desiccation. New Phytologist. 91(2): 169-175. [20475]

35. Oliver, Melvin J.; Mishler, Brent D.; Quisenberry, Jerry E. 1993. Comparative measures of desiccation-tolerance in the Tortula ruralis complex. I. Variation in damage control and repair. American Journal of Botany. 80(2): 127-136. [20806]

36. Peterson, Janice; Schmoldt, Daniel; Peterson, David; [and others]. 1992. Guidelines for evaluating air pollution impacts on class 1 wilderness areas in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-299. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 83 p. [20633]

37. Schlatterer, Edward F.; Tisdale, E.W. 1969. Effects of litter of Artemisia, Chrysothamnus, and Tortula on germination and growth of three perennial grasses. Ecology. 50(5): 869-873. [2078]

38. Stanek, Walter. 1980. Vegetation types and environmental factors associated with Foothills Gas Pipeline route, Yukon Territory. BC-X-205. Victoria, BC: Environment Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Pacific Forest Research Centre. 48 p. [16527]

39. Steele, Alma. 1978. Bryophyte communities of central Idaho forests. Northwest Science. 52(4): 310-322. [21546]

40. Steere, W. C. 1939. Moss flora of North America north of Mexico. Part 4: Tortula. [Place of publication unknown]: Grout, A. J. 264 p. [21556]

41. Tueller, Paul Teuscher. 1962. Plant succession on two Artemisia habitat types in southeastern Oregon. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University. 249 p. Thesis. [2366]

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