DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Collema tenax | Black Lichen 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Thomson [32] referred to C. tenax as a circumpolar species in arctic to
temperate regions.  In North America, Collema tenax is known to occur
from Alberta and Saskatchewan south through the Great Plains to Texas
and the Southwest [9,23,33].  Fink [12] also places it in the eastern
United States west to Missouri and Minnesota.


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES29  Sagebrush
   FRES30  Desert shrub
   FRES31  Shinnery
   FRES32  Texas savanna
   FRES33  Southwestern shrubsteppe
   FRES34  Chaparral - mountain shrub
   FRES35  Pinyon - juniper
   FRES36  Mountain grasslands
   FRES38  Plains grasslands
   FRES39  Prairie
   FRES40  Desert grasslands


STATES : 
     AZ  CA  CO  ID  IA  KS  MT  NE  NV  NM
     ND  OK  OR  SD  TX  UT  WY  AB  SK  MEXICO


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ARCH  BADL  BAND  BIBE  CANY  CHIC
     COLO  GLAC  GRCA  ILMI  ISRO  NAVA
     PIRO  SAGU  SHEN  SLBE  THRO  ZION


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    3  Southern Pacific Border
    4  Sierra Mountains
    5  Columbia Plateau
    6  Upper Basin and Range
    7  Lower Basin and Range
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains
    9  Middle Rocky Mountains
   10  Wyoming Basin
   11  Southern Rocky Mountains
   12  Colorado Plateau
   13  Rocky Mountain Piedmont
   14  Great Plains
   15  Black Hills Uplift
   16  Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K023  Juniper - pinyon woodland
   K024  Juniper steppe woodland
   K027  Mesquite bosque
   K031  Oak - juniper woodlands
   K032  Transition between K031 and K037
   K033  Chaparral
   K037  Mountain-mahogany - oak scrub
   K038  Great Basin sagebrush
   K039  Blackbrush
   K040  Saltbush - greasewood
   K041  Creosotebush
   K042  Creosotebush - bursage
   K043  Paloverde - cactus shrub
   K044  Creosotebush - tarbush
   K045  Ceniza shrub
   K046  Desert: vegetation largely lacking
   K048  California steppe
   K050  Fescue - wheatgrass
   K051  Wheatgrass - bluegrass
   K053  Grama - galleta steppe
   K054  Grama - tobosa prairie
   K055  Sagebrush steppe
   K056  Wheatgrass - needlegrass shrubsteppe
   K057  Galleta - three-awn shrubsteppe
   K058  Grama - tobosa shrubsteppe
   K059  Trans-Pecos shrub savanna
   K060  Mesquite savanna
   K061  Mesquite - acacia savanna
   K062  Mesquite - live oak savanna
   K063  Foothills prairie
   K064  Grama - needlegrass - wheatgrass
   K065  Grama - buffalograss
   K066  Wheatgrass - needlegrass
   K067  Wheatgrass - bluestem - needlegrass
   K068  Wheatgrass - grama - buffalograss
   K069  Bluestem - grama prairie
   K070  Sandsage - bluestem prairie
   K071  Shinnery
   K074  Bluestem prairie
   K075  Nebraska Sandhills prairie
   K076  Blackland prairie
   K085  Mesquite - buffalograss
   K086  Juniper - oak savanna
   K087  Mesquite - oak savanna
   K088  Fayette prairie


SAF COVER TYPES : 
    67  Mohrs ("shin") oak
    68  Mesquite
   220  Rocky Mountain juniper
   238  Western juniper
   239  Pinyon - juniper
   241  Western live oak
   242  Mesquite


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Collema tenax most likely occurs in ecosystems, Kuchler Plant
Associations, and SAF Cover Types in addition to those listed above.
However, information on other habitats where C. tenax may be found is
lacking.

Common associates of C. tenax in desert shrub or desert grassland
habitats include shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia), black greasewood
(Sarcobatus vermiculatus), creosotebush (Larrea tridentata), white
burrobush (Hymenoclea salsola), Mormon tea (Ephedra torreyana),
sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus spp.), red brome
(Bromus rubens), galleta (Hilaria jamesii), needle-and-thread grass
(Stipa comata), Indian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides), bluebunch
wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis),
Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda), sand dropseed (Sporobolus
cryptandrus), moss (Tortula ruralis), and lichens [18,21,26].

Related categories for Species: Collema tenax | Black Lichen