DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE
SPECIES: Elaeagnus angustifolia | Russian-Olive 



GENERAL DISTRIBUTION : 
Russian-olive is a native of southern Europe and western Asia [27,30].
It was introduced into the United States in the early 1900's.  By the
mid-1900's it had escaped cultivation and is now extensively naturalized
in 17 western states bordered on the east by the Dakotas, Nebraska,
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas [7,24,27,30], and extending west to the
Pacific Coast.  It also occurs in southern Canada from Ontario to
British Columbia [2,7,20].  It grows in some eastern states but is not
naturalized [2,7,27].


ECOSYSTEMS : 
   FRES15  Oak - hickory
   FRES17  Elm - ash - cottonwood
   FRES21  Ponderosa pine
   FRES28  Western hardwoods
   FRES29  Sagebrush
   FRES30  Desert shrub
   FRES31  Shinnery
   FRES32  Texas savanna
   FRES33  Southwestern shrubsteppe
   FRES34  Chaparral - mountain shrub
   FRES35  Pinyon - juniper
   FRES38  Plains grasslands
   FRES40  Desert grasslands


STATES : 
     AL  AZ  AR  CA  CO  ID  IL  IN  IA  KS
     KY  LA  MN  MT  NE  NV  NM  ND  NY  OH
     OK  OR  PA  SD  TN  TX  UT  WA  WI  WY
     AB  BC  MB  ON  SK  MEXICO


ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS : 
     ARCH  BICA  CACH  CANY  CARE  CATO
     COLM  FIIS  GATE  GRCA  HOSP  JODA
     PIPE  SCBL  THRO  TICA  ZION


BLM PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS : 
    1  Northern Pacific Border
    2  Cascade Mountains
    3  Southern Pacific Border
    4  Sierra Mountains
    5  Columbia Plateau
    6  Upper Basin and Range
    7  Lower Basin and Range
    8  Northern Rocky Mountains
    9  Middle Rocky Mountains
   10  Wyoming Basin
   11  Southern Rocky Mountains
   12  Colorado Plateau
   13  Rocky Mountain Piedmont
   14  Great Plains
   15  Black Hills Uplift
   16  Upper Missouri Basin and Broken Lands


KUCHLER PLANT ASSOCIATIONS : 
   K010  Ponderosa shrub forest
   K011  Western ponderosa forest
   K013  Cedar - hemlock - pine forest
   K016  Eastern ponderosa forest
   K017  Black Hills pine forest
   K019  Arizona pine forest
   K022  Great Basin pine forest
   K023  Juniper - pinyon woodland
   K027  Mesquite bosque
   K040  Saltbush - greasewood
   K055  Sagebrush steppe
   K056  Wheatgrass - needlegrass shrubsteppe
   K057  Galleta - three-awn shrubsteppe
   K059  Trans-Pecos shrub savanna
   K063  Foothills prairie
   K064  Grama - needlegrass - wheatgrass
   K066  Wheatgrass - needlegrass
   K067  Wheatgrass - bluestem - needlegrass
   K071  Shinnery
   K081  Oak savanna
   K098  Northern floodplain forest
   K101  Elm - ash forest


SAF COVER TYPES : 
    63  Cottonwood
    95  Black willow
   235  Cottonwood - willow
   236  Bur oak
   237  Interior ponderosa pine
   240  Arizona cypress
   245  Pacific ponderosa pine


SRM (RANGELAND) COVER TYPES : 
NO-ENTRY


HABITAT TYPES AND PLANT COMMUNITIES : 
Publications listing Russian-olive as a dominant or codominant in
classification schemes are listed below:

Riparian dominance types of Montana [13]
Classification and management of riparian and wetland sites in central
  and  eastern Montana [14]        

Plant associates:  Plant species associated with Russian-olive are
typically those also associated with mesic meadows and floodplain
forests.  Perennial grasses tend to be prominent in areas infested with
Russian olive.  Common plant associates are bearded wheatgrass (Elymus
trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus), redtop (Agrostis gigantea), common
ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), tansyleaf aster (Machaeranthera
tanacetifolia), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides var. deltoides),
green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), boxelder (Acer negundo), peachleaf
willow (Salix amygdaloides), and narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus
angustifolia) [5,13,14,15].

Related categories for Species: Elaeagnus angustifolia | Russian-Olive