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You are here >1Up Info > Wildlife, Animals, and Plants > Plant Species > Shrub > Species: Garrya wrightii | Wright Silktassel
 

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FIRE EFFECTS

SPECIES: Garrya wrightii | Wright Silktassel
IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT : Fire generally top-kills Wright silktassel. Wildfires in Arizona chaparral are often severe, defoliating all aboveground vegetation and leaving only charred stems and a layer of ash over mineral soil [2,22]. Prescribed burning in September in Arizona chaparral 6 weeks following shrub desiccation with herbicides resulted in 88.5 to 99.0 percent shrub top-kill. Ninety five percent of Wright silktassel shrubs were top-killed in these fall burns [23]. DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT : Wright silktassel is susceptible to repeated burning. Sprouts initiated after fire can be completely eliminated or significantly reduced if burned again within 1 to 3 years. Pond and Cable [25] reported that four annual burns or two burns spaced 2 years apart killed Wright silktassel. Burning at 3-year intervals significantly reduced the number of sprouts. PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE : Following top-kill by fire, most Wright silktassel plants sprout vigorously from the root crown [3,23]. Plant recovery: In turbinella oak-mountain-mahogany chaparral in central Arizona, recovery of Wright silktassel following prescribed burning in September, 6 weeks after brush was desiccated with a phenoxy herbicide, was as follows [23]: percent crown cover Post fire year pretreatment post treatment 1 2 3 4 5 6.9 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 Browsing by deer may have accounted for Wright silktassel's slow recovery in this study. Seedbanking: Following the fire described above, Wright silktassel seedlings emerged in late summer. Seedling emergence and seedling survival is summarized below [23]: number of seedlings per acre Post fire year 1 2 3 4 5 seedlings emerging 102 86 16 0 9 *seedlings surviving at end of growing season 93 121 32 73 45 * For seedling survival, columns 1 and 2 were based on four annual burns; columns 3, 4, and 5 were based on three, two, and one annual burn, respectively. Seedling survival data are therefore not additive of seedling emergence data. DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE : NO-ENTRY FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : Arizona chaparral often has high fuel loads (up to 40 tons/acre [89,611 kg/ha] in long-unburned stands) which can result in extreme burning conditions during late spring and early summer [22]. In general, fall is the best time for prescribed burning in this vegetation type [3]. Desiccation of brush with phenoxy herbicides or partial crushing allows for prescribed burning during periods of relatively low hazard [3,22]. Repeat burning, which is sometimes desirable for suppressing or killing shrub sprouts, is usually difficult or impossible in Arizona chaparral because it takes several years to produce enough fuel to carry a fire [10].

Related categories for Species: Garrya wrightii | Wright Silktassel

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Information Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Fire Effects Information System

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