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You are here >1Up Info > Wildlife, Animals, and Plants > Plant Species > Shrub > Species: Rhus typhina | Staghorn Sumac
 

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FIRE EFFECTS

SPECIES: Rhus typhina | Staghorn Sumac
IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT : Staghorn sumac is probably killed or top-killed by most fires. DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT : NO-ENTRY PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE : Staghorn sumac may sprout immediately after fire. Skutch [46] observed a staghorn sumac shoot 4.3 inches (11 cm) long within 20 days of a wildfire in a spruce (Picea spp.)-hardwood stand in Maine. In Michigan staghorn sumac had its highest frequency indices in postfire years 3 and 51 of a longitudinal study. Bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata) was the early dominant tree species, and was eventually replaced by red maple (Acer rubrum) and eastern white pine (Pinus strobus). Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and paper birch (Betula papyrifera) also increased in the later years of the study [36]. Marks [29] observed abundant staghorn sumac seedlings in northern New York on sites where logging slash piles had been burned. He noted that the sites had not contained any adult staghorn sumac stems prior to harvest, but that staghorn sumac seed sources did exist within 0.37 mile (0.6 km) of the burns. Staghorn sumac had been present early in oldfield succession, but had apparently died out. Staghorn sumac seedlings were restricted to the burned areas, most of them concentrated on the edges; the centers of the slash piles had experienced extreme heat. According to Marks, staghorn sumac germination appeared to have been either directly triggered by the fire or by the fire's effect on the site [29]. Given the impermeability of the seedcoat, coupled with the fact that heat treatments will enhance germination, it seems possible that staghorn sumac seeds were scarified by the fire. High heat in the centers of slash piles probably killed seeds. In central New York staghorn sumac was a dominant shrub in an Acer-Betula-Aster community that established after heavy logging followed by a severe fire [43]. DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE : NO-ENTRY FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS : NO-ENTRY

Related categories for Species: Rhus typhina | Staghorn Sumac

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Information Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Fire Effects Information System

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