|  
 Wildlife, Animals, and Plants  
 | 
 
 
 
 | 
REFERENCES
SPECIES: Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubens | Red Elderberry  
REFERENCES : 
  1.  Ahlgren, Clifford E. 1979. Buried seed in the forest floor of the
       Boundary Waters Canoe Area. Minnesota Forestry Research Note No. 271.
       St. Paul, MN: University of Minnesota, College of Forestry. 4 p.  [3459]
  2.  Alaback, Paul B.; Herman, F. R. 1988. Long-term response of understory
       vegetation to stand density in Picea-Tsuga forests. Canadian Journal of
       Forest Research. 18: 1522-1530.  [6227]
  3.  Aldous, Shaler E. 1952. Deer browse clipping study in the Lake States
       Region. Journal of Wildlife Management. 16(4): 401-409.  [6826]
  4.  Aller, Alvin R. 1956. A taxonomic and ecological study of the flora of
       Monument Peak, Oregon. American Midland Naturalist. 56(2): 454-472. 
       [6385]
  5.  Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals,
       reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's
       associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO:
       U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. 
       [434]
  6.  Brinkman, Kenneth A. 1974. Sambucus L. Elder. In: Schopmeyer, C. S.,
       technical coordinators. Seeds of woody plants in the United States.
       Agriculture Handbook No. 450. Washington D. C.: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service: 754-757.  [6843]
  7.  Busing, Richard T.; Clebsch, Edward E. C.; Eagar, Christopher C.;
       Pauley, Eric F. 1988. Two decades of change in a Great Smoky Mountains
       spruce-fir forest. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 115(1): 25-31.
       [4491]
  8.  Clagg, Harry B. 1975. Fire ecology in high-elevation forests in
       Colorado. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University. 137 p. Thesis. 
       [113]
  9.  Coffman, Michael S.; Alyanak, Edward; Resovsky, Richard. 1980. Field
       guide habitat classification system: For Upper Peninsula of Michigan and
       northeast Wisconsin. [Place of publication unknown]: Cooperative
       Research on Forest Soils. 112 p.  [8997]
 10.  Collins, Thomas C. 1980. A report on the Moose Creek Fire of August,
       1979. Unpublished report on file with: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
       Forest Service, Salmon National Forest, North Fork Ranger District,
       North Fork, ID. 27+ p.  [666]
 11.  Conard, Susan G.; Emmingham, W. H. 1983. Herbicides for shrub control on
       forest sites in northeastern Oregon and northern Idaho. Special
       Publication 5. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, College of
       Forestry, Forest Research Laboratory. 7 p.  [3579]
 12.  Conrad, P. W.; McDonough, W. T. 1972. Growth and reproduction of red
       elderberry on subalpine rangeland in Utah. Northwest Science. 46(2):
       140_148.  [6855]
 13.  Corns, I. G. W.; Annas, R. M. 1986. Field guide to forest ecosystems of
       west-central Alberta. Edmonton, AB: Canadian Forestry Service, Northern
       Forestry Centre. 251 p.  [8998]
 14.  Cronquist, Arthur; Holmgren, Arthur H.; Holmgren, Noel H.; [and others].
       1984. Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of the Intermountain West,
       U.S.A. Vol. 4. Subclass Asteridae, (except Asteraceae). New York: The
       New York Botanical Garden. 573 p.  [718]
 15.  Daubenmire, Rexford F. 1936. The "big woods" of Minnesota: its
       structure, and relation to climate, fire, and soils. Ecological
       Monographs. 6(2): 233-268.  [2697]
 16.  Daubenmire, Rexford F.; Daubenmire, Jean B. 1968. Forest vegetation of
       eastern Washington and northern Idaho. Technical Bulletin 60. Pullman,
       WA: Washington State University, Agricultural Experiment Station. 104 p.
       [749]
 17.  Dayton, William A. 1931. Important western browse plants. Misc. Publ.
       101. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 214 p.  [768]
 18.  del Moral, Roger; Cates, Rex G. 1971. Allelopathic potential of the
       dominant vegetation of western Washington. Ecology. 52(6): 1030-1037. 
       [4794]
 19.  Denslow, J. S. 1987. Fruit removal rates from aggregated and isolates
       bushes of the red elderberry, Sambucus pubens. Canadian Journal of
       Botany. 65(6): 1229-1235.  [6846]
 20.  Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information
       network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and
       Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior,
       Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p.  [806]
 21.  Doran, William L. 1957. Propagation of woody plants by cuttings.
       Experiment Station Bul. No. 491. Amherst, MA: University of
       Massachusetts, College of Agriculture. 99 p.  [6399]
 22.  Eis, S. 1981. Effect of vegetative competition on regeneration of white
       spruce. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 11: 1-8.  [10104]
 23.  Ellison, Lincoln. 1954. Subalpine vegetation of the Wasatch Plateau,
       Utah. Ecological Monographs. 24: 89-184.  [861]
 24.  Everett, Percy C. 1957. A summary of the culture of California plants at
       the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden 1927-1950. Claremont, CA: The Rancho
       Santa Ana Botanic Garden. 223 p.  [7191]
 25.  Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and
       Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p.  [905]
 26.  Forsythe, Warren Louis. 1975. Site influence on the post-fire
       composition of a Rocky Mountain forest. Missoula, MT: University of
       Montana. 173 p. Dissertation.  [6723]
 27.  Fowells, H. A., compiler. 1965. Silvics of forest trees of the United
       States. Agric. Handb. 271. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 762 p.  [12442]
 28.  Franklin, Jerry F.; Pechanec, Anna A. 1968. Comparison of vegetation in
       adjacent alder, conifer, and mixed alder-conifer communities. I.
       Understory vegetation and stand structure. In: Trappe, J. M.; Franklin,
       J. F.; Tarrant, R. F.; Hansen, G. M., eds. Biology of alder: Proceedings
       of a symposium: 40th annual meeting of the Northwest Scientific
       Association; 1967 April 14-15; Pullman, WA. Portland, OR: U. S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and
       Range Experiment Station: 37-43.  [6188]
 29.  Gaffney, William S. 1941. The effects of winter elk browsing, south fork
       of the Flathead River, Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management. 5(4):
       427-453.  [5028]
 30.  Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others].
       1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range
       ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p.  [998]
 31.  Gleason, H. A.; Cronquist, A. 1963. Manual of vascular plants of
       northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Princeton, NJ: D. Van
       Nostrand Company, Inc. 810 p.  [7065]
 32.  Graber, Raymond E.; Thompson, Donald F. 1978. Seeds in the organic
       layers and soil of four beech-birch-maple stands. Res. Pap. NE-401.
       Broomall, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
       Service,Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 8 p.  [5983]
 33.  Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Flora of the Great Plains.
       Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 1392 p.  [1603]
 34.  Gullion, Gordon W. 1964. Wildlife uses of Nevada plants. Contributions
       toward a flora of Nevada No. 49. Beltsville, MD: U. S. Department of
       Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Arboretum Crops
       Research Division. 170 p.  [6729]
 35.  Haeussler, S.; Coates, D. 1986. Autecological characteristics of
       selected species that compete with conifers in British Columbia: a
       literature review. Land Management Report No. 33. Victoria, BC: Ministry
       of Forests, Information Services Branch. 180 p.  [1055]
 36.  Hall, Frederick C. 1984. Ecoclass coding system for the Pacific
       Northwest plant associations. R6 Ecol 173-1984. Portland, OR: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 83
       p.  [7650]
 37.  Hayes, G. L. 1959. Forest and forest-land problems of southwestern
       Oregon. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
       Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 54 p.  [8595]
 38.  Hehnke, Merlin; Stone, Charles P. 1979. Value of riparian vegetation to
       avian populations along the Sacramento River Sy. In: Johnson, R. Roy;
       McCormick, J. Frank, technical coordinators. Strategies for protection
       and management of floodplain wetlands & other riparian ecosystems: Proc.
       of the symposium; 1978 December 11-13; Callaway Gardens, GA. General
       Technical Report WO-12. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
       Forest Service: 228-235.  [4363]
 39.  Heit, C. E. 1967. Propagation from seed. Part 7: Germinating six
       hardseeded groups. American Nurseryman. 125(12): 10-12; 37-41; 44-45. 
       [1120]
 40.  Henderson, Jan A. 1978. Plant succession on the Alnus rubra/Rubus
       spectabilis habitat type in western Oregon. Northwest Science. 52(3):
       156-167.  [6393]
 41.  Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1973. Flora of the Pacific
       Northwest. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 730 p.  [1168]
 42.  Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur; Ownbey, Marion. 1959. Vascular
       plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 4: Ericaceae through
       Campanulaceae. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 510 p. 
       [1170]
 43.  Hounsell, R. W. 1968. Cytological studies in Sambucus. Can. J. Genet.
       10: 235-247.  [6926]
 44.  Hungerford, Roger D. 1986. Vegetation response to stand cultural
       operations on small stem lodgepole pine stands in Montana. In: Weed
       control for forest productivity in the interior West; 1985 February 5-7;
       Spokane, WA. Pullman, WA: Washington State University, Cooperative
       Extension: 63-71.  [5896]
 45.  Johnston, Barry C. 1987. Plant associations of Region Two: Potential
       plant communities of Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, and
       Kansas. 4th ed. R2-ECOL-87-2. Lakewood, CO: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. 429 p.  [3519]
 46.  Kartesz, John T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of
       the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Volume II--thesaurus. 2nd ed.
       Portland, OR: Timber Press. 816 p.  [23878]
 47.  Kellman, M. C. 1969. Plant species interrelationships in a secondary
       succession in coastal British Columbia. Syesis. 2: 201-212.  [6589]
 48.  Kellman, M. C. 1970. The viable seed content of some forest soil in
       coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany. 48: 1383-1385. 
       [6469]
 49.  Kelly, George W. 1970. A guide to the woody plants of Colorado. Boulder,
       CO: Pruett Publishing Co. 180 p.  [6379]
 50.  Kelpsas, B. R. 1978. Comparative effects of chemical, fire, and machine
       site preparation in an Oregon coastal brushfield. Corvallis, OR: Oregon
       State University. 97 p. Thesis.  [6986]
 51.  Kingsbury, John M. 1964. Poisonous plants of the United States and
       Canada. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 626 p.  [122]
 52.  Kittredge, J., Jr. 1934. Evidence of the rate of forest succession on
       Star Island, Minnesota. Ecology. 15(1): 24-35.  [10102]
 53.  Klinka, K.; Carter, R. E.; Feller, M. C.; Wang, Q. 1989. Relations
       between site index, salal, plant communities, and sites in coastal
       Douglas-fir ecosystems. Northwest Science. 63(1): 19-28.  [6276]
 54.  Kramer, Neal B. 1984. Mature forest seed banks on three habitat types in
       central Idaho. Moscow, ID: University of Idaho. 106 p. Thesis.  [1375]
 55.  Kramer, Neal B.; Johnson, Frederic D. 1987. Mature forest seed banks of
       three habitat types in central Idaho. Canadian Journal of Botany. 65:
       1961-1966.  [3961]
 56.  Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation
       of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York:
       American Geographical Society. 77 p.  [1384]
 57.  Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native
       and naturalized). Agric. Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 375 p.  [2952]
 58.  Lyon, L. Jack. 1966. Initial vegetal development following prescribed
       burning of Douglas-fir in south-central Idaho. Res. Pap. INT-29. Ogden,
       UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest
       and Range Experiment Station. 17 p.  [1494]
 59.  Lyon, L. Jack. 1971. Vegetal development following prescribed burning of
       Douglas-fir in south-central Idaho. Res. Pap. INT-105. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 30 p.  [1495]
 60.  Lyon, L. Jack. 1984. The Sleeping Child Burn--21 years of postfire
       change. Res. Pap. INT-330. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
       Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 17 p.
       [6328]
 61.  Martin, Alexander C.; Zim, Herbert S.; Nelson, Arnold L. 1951. American
       wildlife and plants. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. 500 p. 
       [4021]
 62.  Martin, Robert E. 1982. Shrub control by burning before timber harvest.
       In: Site preparation and fuels management on steep terrain: Symposium
       proceedings. Pullman, WA: Washington State University: 35-40.  [4136]
 63.  Mason, Herbert L. 1957. A flora of the marshes of California. Berkeley,
       CA: University of California Press. 878 p.  [16905]
 64.  McDonough, W. T.; Tew, R. K. 1967. Inhibitors of germination and growth
       from red elderberry: a laboratory evaluation. INT-72. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 7 p.  [6845]
 65.  Miller, Daniel L.; Kidd, Frank A. 1982. How to write a herbicide
       prescription for shrub control. Forestry Technical Paper TP-82-6.
       Lewiston, ID: Potlatch Corporation, Wood Products, Western Division. 12
       p.  [3390]
 66.  Morin, Hubert; Payette, Serge. 1988. Buried seed populations in the
       montane, subalpine, and alpine belts of Mont Jacques-Cartier, Quebec.
       Canadian Journal of Botany. 66: 101-107.  [6376]
 67.  Morris, William G. 1958. Influence of slash burning on regeneration,
       other plant cover, and fire hazard in the Douglas-fir region (A progress
       report). Res. Pap. PNW-29. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
       Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station.
       49 p.  [4803]
 68.  Morris, William G. 1970. Effects of slash burning in overmature stands
       of the Douglas-fir region. Forest Science. 16(3): 258-270.  [4810]
 69.  Moss, E. H. 1959. Flora of Alberta. Toronto: University of Toronto
       Press. 546 p.  [8948]
 70.  Mozingo, Hugh N. 1987. Shrubs of the Great Basin: A natural history.
       Reno, NV: University of Nevada Press. 342 p.  [1702]
 71.  Mueggler, Walter F. 1965. Ecology of seral shrub communities in the
       cedar-hemlock zone of northern Idaho. Ecological Monographs. 35:
       165-185.  [4016]
 72.  Mueggler, Walter F. 1988. Aspen community types of the Intermountain
       Region. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-250. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 135 p. 
       [5902]
 73.  Mueggler, Walter F.; Campbell, Robert B., Jr. 1982. Aspen community
       types on the Caribou and Targhee National Forests in southeastern Idaho.
       Res. Pap. INT-294. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
       Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 32 p. 
       [1713]
 74.  Mueggler, Walter F.; Campbell, Robert B., Jr. 1986. Aspen community
       types of Utah. Res. Pap. INT-362. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 69 p. 
       [1714]
 75.  Munz, Philip A. 1973. A California flora and supplement. Berkeley, CA:
       University of California Press. 1905 p.  [6155]
 76.  Ourecky, D. K. 1970. Chromosome morphology in the genus Sambucus.
       American Journal of Botany. 57(3): 239-244.  [6721]
 77.  Park, Barry C. 1942. The yield and persistence of wildlife food plants.
       Journal of Wildlife Management. 6(2): 118-121.  [7446]
 78.  Peck, Morton E. 1941. A manual of the higher plants of Oregon. Portland,
       OR: Binfords & Mort. 800 p.  [12444]
 79.  Pendleton, Rosemary L.; Pendleton, Burton K.; Harper, Kimball T. 1989.
       Breeding systems of woody plant species in Utah. In: Wallace, Arthur;
       McArthur, E. Durant; Haferkamp, Marshall R., compilers.
       Proceedings--symposium on shrub ecophysiology and biotechnology; 1987
       June 30 - July 2; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-256. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research
       Station: 5-22.  [5918]
 80.  Platts, William S.; Armour, Carl; Booth, Gordon D.; [and others]. 1987.
       Methods for evaluating riparian habitats with applications to
       management. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-221. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 177 p. 
       [6171]
 81.  Plummer, A. Perry. 1977. Revegetation of disturbed Intermountain area
       sites. In: Thames, J. C., ed. Reclamation and use of disturbed lands of
       the Southwest. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press: 302-337.  [171]
 82.  Plummer, A. Perry; Christensen, Donald R.; Monsen, Stephen B. 1968.
       Restoring big-game range in Utah. Publ. No. 68-3. Ephraim, UT: Utah
       Division of Fish and Game. 183 p.  [4554]
 83.  Plummer, A. Perry; Hull, A. C., Jr.; Stewart, George; Robertson, Joseph
       H. 1955. Seeding rangelands in Utah, Nevada, southern Idaho and western
       Wyoming. Agric. Handb. 71. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 73 p.  [11736]
 84.  Powell, David C. 1988. Aspen community types of the Pike and San Isabel
       National Forests in south-central Colorado. R2-ECOL-88-01. Denver, CO:
       U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region.
       254 p.  [15285]
 85.  Preston, Richard J., Jr. 1948. North American trees. Ames, IA: The Iowa
       State College Press. 371 p.  [1913]
 86.  Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant
       geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p.  [2843]
 87.  Ray, Dan; Woodroof, Wayne; Roberts, R. Chad. 1984. Management of
       riparian vegetation in the northcoast region of California's coastal
       zone. In: Warner, Richard E.; Hendrix, Kathleen M., eds. California
       riparian systems: Ecology, conservation, and productive management:
       Proceedings of a conference; 1981 September 17-19; Davis, CA. Berkeley,
       CA: University of California Press: 660-672.  [5867]
 88.  Risenhoover, Kenneth L.; Maass, Steven A. 1987. The influence of moose
       on the composition and structure of Isle Royale forests. Canadian
       Journal of Forest Research. 17: 357-364.  [8230]
 89.  Ritter, C. M.; McKee, G. W. 1964. The elderberry, history,
       classification and culture. Pa. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 709 22 pgs.  [1221]
 90.  Roberts, R. Chad. 1984. The transitional nature of northwestern
       California riparian systems. In: Warner, Richard E.; Hendrix, Kathleen
       M., eds. California riparian systems: Ecology, conservation, and
       productive management: Proceedings of the conference; 1981 September
       17-19; Davis, CA. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press: 85-91. 
       [5828]
 91.  Robinette, W. Leslie. 1972. Browse and cover for wildlife. In: McKell,
       Cyrus M.; Blaisdell, James P.; Goodin, Joe R., tech. eds. Wildland
       shrubs--their biology and utilization: An international symposium:
       Proceedings; 1971 July; Logan, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-1. Ogden, UT:
       U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station: 69-76.  [9713]
 92.  Ruth, Robert H. 1956. Plantation survival and growth in two brush-threat
       areas in coastal Oregon. Res. Pap. 17. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range
       Experiment Station. 14 p.  [6722]
 93.  Sampson, Arthur W.; Jespersen, Beryl S. 1963. California range
       brushlands and browse plants. Berkeley, CA: University of California,
       Division of Agricultural Sciences, California Agricultural Experiment
       Station, Extension Service. 162 p.  [3240]
 94.  Schoonmaker, Peter; McKee, Arthur. 1988. Species composition and
       diversity during secondary succession of coniferous forests in the
       western Cascade Mountains of Oregon. Forest Science. 34(4): 960-979. 
       [6214]
 95.  Schopmeyer, C. S. 1974. Nemopanthus mucronatus (L.) Trel.
       Mountain-holly. In: Schopmeyer, C. S., ed. Seeds of woody plants in the
       United States. Agriculture Handbook No. 450. Washington: U. S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 553.  [7713]
 96.  Shiflet, Thomas N., ed. 1994. Rangeland cover types of the United
       States. Denver, CO: Society for Range Management. 152 p.  [23362]
 97.  Siccama, T. G. 1974. Vegetation, soil, and climate on the Green
       Mountains of Vermont. Ecological Monographs. 44: 325-249.  [6859]
 98.  Smith, Arthur D. 1953. Consumption of native forage species by captive
       mule deer during summer. Journal of Range Management. 6: 30-37.  [2161]
 99.  Stanton, Frank. 1974. Wildlife guidelines for range fire rehabilitation.
       Tech. Note 6712. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
       Land Management. 90 p.  [2221]
100.  Stark, N. 1966. Review of highway planting information appropriate to
       Nevada. Bull. No. B-7. Reno, NV: University of Nevada, College of
       Agriculture, Desert Research Institute. 209 p. In cooperation with:
       Nevada State Highway Department.  [47]
101.  Steele, Robert; Geier-Hayes, Kathleen. 1987. The grand fir/blue
       huckleberry habitat type in central Idaho: succession and management.
       Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-228. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
       Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 66 p.  [8133]
102.  Stephens, H. A. 1973. Woody plants of the North Central Plains.
       Lawrence, KS: The University Press of Kansas. 530 p.  [3804]
103.  Stephens, H. A. 1980. Poisonous plants of the central United States.
       Lawrence, KS: The Regents Press of Kansas. 165 p.  [3803]
104.  Stewart, R. E. 1978. Origin and development of vegetation after spraying
       and burning in a coastal Oregon clearcut. Res. Note PNW-317. Portland,
       OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
       Forest and Range Experiment Station. 11 p.  [6541]
105.  Stickney, Peter F. 1980. Data base for post-fire succession, first 6 to
       9 years, in Montana larch-fir forests. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-62. Ogden,
       UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest
       and Range Experiment Station. 133 p.  [6583]
106.  Stickney, Peter F. 1986. First decade plant succession following the
       Sundance Forest Fire, northern Idaho. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-197. Ogden,
       UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain
       Research Station. 26 p.  [2255]
107.  Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Seral origin of species originating in northern
       Rocky Mountain forests. Unpublished draft on file at: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, Fire
       Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; RWU 4403 files. 7 p.  [20090]
108.  Strothmann, R. O.; Roy, Douglass F. 1984. Regeneration of Douglas-fir in
       the Klamath Mountains Region, California and Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep.
       PSW-81. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
       Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 35 p.  [5640]
109.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1937. Range plant
       handbook. Washington, DC. 532 p.  [2387]
110.  U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1994. Plants
       of the U.S.--alphabetical listing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 954 p.  [23104]
111.  U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Survey. [n.d.]. NP
       Flora [Data base]. Davis, CA: U.S. Department of the Interior, National
       Biological Survey.  [23119]
112.  Van Dersal, William R. 1938. Native woody plants of the United States,
       their erosion-control and wildlife values. Washington, DC: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture. 362 p.  [4240]
113.  Viereck, Leslie A.; Little, Elbert L., Jr. 1972. Alaska trees and
       shrubs. Agric. Handb. 410. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
       Agriculture, Forest Service. 265 p.  [6884]
114.  Vories, Kimery C. 1981. Growing Colorado plants from seed: a state of
       the art. Volume I. Shrubs. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-103. Ogden, UT: U.S.
       Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and
       Range Experiment Station. 80 p.  [3426]
115.  Welsh, Stanley L.; Atwood, N. Duane; Goodrich, Sherel; Higgins, Larry
       C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo,
       UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p.  [2944]
116.  Williams, Arthur B. 1936. The composition and dynamics of a beech-maple
       climax community. Ecological Monographs. 6(3): 318-408.  [8346]
117.  Wittinger, W. T.; Pengelly, W. L.; Irwin, L. L.; Peek, J. M. 1977. A
       20-year record of shrub succession in logged areas in the cedar- hemlock
       zone of northern Idaho. Northwest Science. 51(3): 161-171.  [6828]
118.  Worley, D. M. and C. M. Nixon. 1974. Elders. In: Gill, J. D. and W. M.
       Healy, compiler. Shrubs and Vines for Northeastern Wildlife. USDA Forest
       Service General Technical Roport NE-9. Upper Darby, PA: USDA Forest
       Service: 48-51.  [6707]
119.  Wright, Henry A.; Bailey, Arthur W. 1982. Fire ecology: United States
       and southern Canada. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 501 p.  [2620]
120.  Young, Vernon A.; Robinette, W. Leslie. 1939. A study of the range
       habits of elk on the Selway Game Preserve. Bull. No. 9. Moscow, ID:
       University of Idaho, School of Forestry. 47 p.  [6831]
121.  Zager, Peter Edward. 1980. The influence of logging and wildfire on
       grizzly bear habitat in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University
       of Montana. 131 p. Dissertation.  [5032]
122.  Zamora, Benjamin Abel. 1975. Secondary succession on broadcast-burned
       clearcuts of the Abies grandis - Pachistima myrsinites habitat type in
       northcentral Idaho. Pullman, WA: Washington State University. 127 p.
       Dissertation.  [5154]
 
 Related categories for Species: Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubens
 | Red Elderberry  
 | 
  |