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REFERENCES

SPECIES: Vaccinium myrtillus | Dwarf Bilberry
REFERENCES : 1. Ahokas, Hannu. 1971. Notes on polyploidy and hybridity in Vaccinium species. Annales Botanici Fennici. 8: 254-256. [9699] 2. Alexander, Martin E. 1978. Estimating fuel weights of two common shrubs in Colorado lodgepole pine stands. Res. Note RM-354. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 4 p. [302] 3. Alexander, Robert R. 1986. Classification of the forest vegetation of Wyoming. Res. Note RM-466. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 10 p. [304] 4. Alexander, Robert R. 1987. Classification of the forest vegetation of Colorado by habitat type and community type. Res. Note RM-478. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 14 p. [9092] 5. Alexander, Robert R.; Ronco, Frank, Jr. 1987. Classification of the forest vegetation on the National Forests of Arizona and New Mexico. Res. Note RM-469. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 10 p. [3515] 6. Aller, Alvin R. 1960. The composition of the Lake McDonald forest, Glacier National Park. Ecology. 41(1): 29-33. [6329] 7. Anderson, Derek J. 1961. The structure of some upland plant communities in Caernarvonshire. Journal of Ecology. 49: 731-738. [9120] 8. Baker, William L. 1984. A preliminary classification of the natural vegetation of Colorado. Great Basin Naturalist. 44(4): 647-676. [380] 9. Barker, W. G.; Hall, I. V.; Aalders, L. E.; Wood, G. W. 1964. The lowbush blueberry industry in eastern Canada. Economic Botany. 18(4): 357-365. [9019] 10. Bennett, Arthur. 1921. Vaccinium myrtillus, Linn., var. pygmaeus, Ostenfield, F. microphylla, Lange, in Litt. to Beeby. Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. 28: 75-76. [9129] 11. Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434] 12. Bovey, Rodney W. 1977. Response of selected woody plants in the United States to herbicides. Agric. Handb. 493. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 101 p. [8899] 13. Camp, W. H. 1942. A survey of the American species of Vaccinium, subgenus Euvaccinium. Brittonia. 4: 205-247. [6950] 14. Camp, W. H. 1942. On the structure of populations in the genus Vaccinium. Brittonia. 4(2): 189-204. [9512] 15. Camp, W. H. 1945. The North American blueberries with notes on other groups of Vacciniaceae. Brittonia. 5(3): 203-275. [9515] 16. Clagg, Harry B. 1975. Fire ecology in high-elevation forests in Colorado. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University. 137 p. Thesis. [113] 17. Crossley, John A. 1974. Vaccinium L. Blueberry. In: Schopmeyer, C. S., ed. Seeds of woody plants in the United States. Agric. Handb. 450. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service: 840-843. [7774] 18. Crouch, Glenn L. 1985. Effects of clearcutting a subalpine forest in central Colorado on wildlife habitat. Res. Pap. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 12 p. [8225] 19. Crouch, Glenn L. 1986. Effects of thinning pole-sized lodgepole pine on understory vegetation and large herbivore activity in central Colorado. Res. Pap. RM-268. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 10 p. [8353] 20. Dahlgreen, Matthew Craig. 1984. Observations on the ecology of Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. on the southeast slope of the Washington Cascades. Seattle, WA: University of Washington. 120 p. Thesis. [2131] 21. Darrow, George M. 1960. Blueberry breeding, past, present, future. American Horticultural Magazine. 39(1): 14-33. [9126] 22. Dayton, William A. 1931. Important western browse plants. Misc. Publ. 101. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 214 p. [768] 23. DeVelice, Robert L.; Ludwig, John A. 1983. Climax forest series of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. In: Moir, W. H.; Hendzel, Leonard, tech. coords. Proceedings of the workshop on Southwestern habitat types; 1983 April 6-8; Albuquerque, NM. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southwestern Region: 45-53. [779] 24. DeVelice, Robert L.; Ludwig, John A. 1983. Forest habitat types south of the Mogollon Rim, Arizona and New Mexico. Final Report. Cooperative Agreement No. 28-K2-240 between U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station and New Mexico State University. Las Cruces, NM: New Mexico State University. 47 p. [780] 25. DeVelice, Robert L.; Ludwig, John A.; Moir, William H.; Ronco, Frank, Jr. 1986. A classification of forest habitat types of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-131. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 59 p. [781] 26. Dittberner, Phillip L.; Olson, Michael R. 1983. The plant information network (PIN) data base: Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. FWS/OBS-83/86. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 786 p. [806] 27. Dye, A. J.; Moir, W. H. 1977. Spruce-fir forest at its southern distribution in the Rocky Mountains, New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist. 97(1): 133-146. [7476] 28. Engelmark, Ola. 1987. Fire history correlations to forest type and topography in northern Sweden. Annales Botanici Fennici. 24(4): 317-324. [6688] 29. Eriksson, O. 1989. Seedling dynamics and life histories in clonal plants. Oikos. 55: 231-238. [10322] 30. Eyre, F. H., ed. 1980. Forest cover types of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters. 148 p. [905] 31. Fernqvist, I. 1977. Results of experiments with cowberries and blueberries in Sweden. Acta Horticulturae. 61: 295-300. [9609] 32. Fitzhugh, E. Lee; Moir, William H.; Ludwig, John A.; Ronco, Frank, Jr. 1987. Forest habitat types in the Apache, Gila, and part of the Cibola National Forests, Arizona and New Mexico. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-145. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 116 p. [4206] 33. Flinn, Marguerite Adele. 1980. Heat penetration and early postfire regeneration of some understory species in the Acadian forest. Halifax, NB: University of New Brunswick. 87 p. Thesis. [9876] 34. Garrison, George A.; Bjugstad, Ardell J.; Duncan, Don A.; [and others]. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest and range ecosystems. Agric. Handb. 475. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 68 p. [998] 35. Granstrom, Anders. 1982. Seed banks in five boreal forest stands originating between 1810 and 1963. Canadian Journal of Botany. 60: 1815-1821. [5940] 36. Hall, I. V. 1983. Genetic improvement of the lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 63: 1091-1092. [9105] 37. Hall, Ivan V.; Aalders, Lewis E. 1962. A natural hybrid between Vaccinium myrtilloides and Vaccinium boreale on Cape Breton Island. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 76(4): 203-205. [9504] 38. Hall, Ivan V.; Shay, Jennifer, M. 1981. The biological flora of Canada. 3. Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. var. minus Lodd. Supplementary Account. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 95(4): 434-464. [9125] 39. Hanley, Thomas A.; McKendrick, Jay D. 1983. Seasonal changes in chemical composition and nutritive values of native forages in a spruce-hemlock forests, southeastern Alaska. Res. Pap. PNW-312. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 41 p. [8770] 40. Haselwandter, K.; Read, D. J. 1980. Fungal associations of roots of dominant and sub-dominant plants in high-alpine vegetation systems with special reference to mycorrhiza. Oecologia. 45(1): 57-62. [9861] 41. Heath, G. H.; Luckwell, L. C.; Pullen, O. J. 1938. The rooting systems of heath plants. Journal of Ecology. 26: 331-352. [9016] 42. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 730 p. [1168] 43. Hitchcock, C. Leo; Cronquist, Arthur; Ownbey, Marion. 1959. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 4: Ericaceae through Campanulaceae. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press. 510 p. [1170] 44. Holloway, Patricia Sue. 1981. Studies on vegetative and reproductive growth of lingonberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. Saint Paul, MN: University of Minnesota. 148 p. Thesis. [9610] 45. Hunn, Eugene S.; Norton, Helen H. 1984. Impact of Mt. St. Helens ashfall on fruit yields of mountain huckleberry Vaccinium membranaceum, important Native American food. Economic Botany. 38(1): 121-127. [9501] 46. Ingestad, Torsten. 1973. Mineral nutrient requirements of Vaccinium vitis idaea and V. myrtillus. Physiological Plant. 29(2): 239-246. [9116] 47. Johnston, Barry C. 1987. Plant associations of Region Two: Potential plant communities of Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, and Kansas. 4th ed. R2-ECOL-87-2. Lakewood, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. 429 p. [3519] 48. Kartesz, John T.; Kartesz, Rosemarie. 1980. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Volume II: The biota of North America. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press; in confederation with Anne H. Lindsey and C. Richie Bell, North Carolina Botanical Garden. 500 p. [6954] 49. Kearney, Thomas H.; Peebles, Robert H.; Howell, John Thomas; McClintock, Elizabeth. 1960. Arizona flora. 2d ed. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1085 p. [6563] 50. Kelly, George W. 1970. A guide to the woody plants of Colorado. Boulder, CO: Pruett Publishing Co. 180 p. [6379] 51. Komarkova, Vera. 1986. Habitat types on selected parts of the Gunnison and Uncompahgre National Forests. Final Report Contract No. 28-K2-234. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 270 p. [1369] 52. Komarkova, Vera; Alexander, Robert R.; Johnston, Barry C. 1988. Forest vegetation of the Gunnison and parts of the Uncompahgre National Forests: a preliminary habitat type classification. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-163. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 65 p. [5798] 53. Korcak, Ronald F. 1988. Nutrition of blueberry and other calcifuges. Horticultural Reviews. 10: 183-227. [9612] 54. Krefting, Laurits W.; Roe, Eugene I. 1949. The role of some birds and mammals in seed germination. Ecological Monographs. 19(3): 269-286. [8847] 55. Kuchler, A. W. 1964. Manual to accompany the map of potential vegetation of the conterminous United States. Special Publication No. 36. New York: American Geographical Society. 77 p. [1384] 56. Kuchko, A.A. 1988. Bilberry and cowberry yields and the factors controlling them in the forests of Karelia, U.S.S.R. Acta Bot. Fennica. 136: 23-25. [8903] 57. Laine, Kari M.; Henttonen, Heikki. 1987. Phenolics/nitrogen ratios in the blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus in relation to temperature and microtine density in Finnish Lapland. Oikos. 50: 389-395. [3960] 59. Larson, Milo; Moir, W. H. 1987. Forest and woodland habitat types (plant associations) of northern New Mexico and northern Arizona. 2d ed. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southwestern Region. 90 p. [8947] 60. Liebster, G. 1977. Experimental and research work on fruit species of the genus Vaccinium in Germany. Acta Horticulturae. 61: 19-24. [9693] 61. Lyon, L. Jack; Stickney, Peter F. 1976. Early vegetal succession following large northern Rocky Mountain wildfires. In: Proceedings, Tall Timbers fire ecology conference and Intermountain Fire Research Council fire and land management symposium; 1974 October 8-10; Missoula, MT. No. 14. Tallahassee, FL: Tall Timbers Research Station: 355-373. [1496] 62. Mallik, A. U.; Gimingham, C. H. 1985. Ecological effects of heather burning. II. Effects on seed germination and vegetative regeneration. Journal of Ecology. 73: 633-644. [6338] 63. Martin, Alexander C.; Zim, Herbert S.; Nelson, Arnold L. 1951. American wildlife and plants. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. 500 p. [4021] 64. Martin, Patricia A. E. 1979. Productivity and taxonomy of the Vaccinium globulare, V. membranaceum complex in western Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana. 136 p. Thesis. [9130] 65. Minore, Don. 1972. The wild huckleberries of Oregon and Washington -- a dwindling resource. PNW-143. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 20 p. [8952] 66. Moir, William H. 1969. The lodgepole pine zone in Colorado. American Midland Naturalist. 81: 87-98. [10798] 67. Moir, W. H.; Francis, R. 1972. Foliage biomass and surface area in three Pinus contorta plots in Colorado. Forest Science. 18(1): 41-45. [8174] 68. Muldavin, Esteban H.; DeVelice, Robert L. 1987. A forest habitat type classification of southern Arizona and its relationship to forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico. In: Aldon, Earl F.; Gonzales Vicente, Carlos E.; Moir, William H., technical coordinators. Strategies for classification and management of native vegetation for food production in arid zones: Proceedings; 1987 October 12-16; Tucson, AZ. Gen, Tech. Rep. RM-150. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 24-31. [2728] 69. Odell, A. E.; Vander Kloet, S. P.; Newell, R. E. 1989. Stem anatomy of Vaccinium section Cyanococcus and related taxa. Canadian Journal of Botany. 67(8): 2328-2334. [8944] 70. Ogden, J. Gordon, III. 1962. Forest history of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. I. Modern and pre-colonial forests. American Midland Naturalist. 66(2): 417-430. [10118] 71. Pakonen, T.; Laine, K.; Havas, P.; Saari, E. 1988. Effects of berry production and deblossoming on growth, carbohydrates and nitrogen compounds in Vaccinium myrtillus in north Finland. Acta Botanica Fennica. 136: 37-42. [9604] 72. Palser, Barbara F. 1961. Studies of floral morphology in the Ericales. V. Organography and vascular anatomy in several United States species of the Vacciniaceae. Botanical Gazette. 123(2): 79-111. [9032] 73. Patterson, Patricia A.; Neiman, Kenneth E.; Tonn, Jonalea. 1985. Field guide to forest plants of northern Idaho. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-180. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 246 p. [1839] 74. Pulliainen, Erkki. 1986. Habitat selection in the brown bear in eastern Finland. In: Contreras, Glen P.; Evans, Keith E, compilers. Proceedings - grizzly bear habitat symposium; 1985 April 30 - May 2; Missoula, MT. General Technical Report INT-207. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station: 113-115. [11415] 75. Raatikainen, Mikko; Vanninen, Irene. 1988. The effects of the 1984-1985 cold winter on the bilberry and ligonberry yield in Finland. Acta Bot. Fennica. 136: 43-47. [8902] 76. Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 632 p. [2843] 77. Reich, Lee. 1988. Backyard blues. Organic Gardening. 35(6): 28-34. [9179] 78. Richardson, Nancy. 1980. Species-specific aboveground shrub biomass in seral communities in three habitat types in west central Montana. Final Report. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT. 57 p. [7309] 79. Ritchie, J. C. 1955. A natural hybrid in Vaccinium I. The structure, performance, and chorology of the cross Vaccinium intermedium Ruthe. New Phytology. 54: 49-67. [9014] 80. Ritchie, J. C. 1955. Biological flora of the British Isles: Vaccinium vitus-idaea L. Journal of Ecology. 43: 701-708. [9025] 81. Ritchie, J. C. 1956. Biological flora of the British Isles: Vaccinium myrtillus L. Journal of Ecology. 44(1): 290-298. [8943] 82. Roach, A. W. 1952. Phytosociology of the Nash Crater lava flows, Linn County, Oregon. Ecological Monographs. 22: 169-193. [8759] 83. Rogers, Lynn. 1976. Effects of mast and berry crop failures on survival, growth, and reproductive success of black bears. Transactions, North American Wildlife Conference. 41: 431-438. [8951] 84. Ross, Robert L.; Hunter, Harold E. 1976. Climax vegetation of Montana based on soils and climate. Bozeman, MT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 64 p. [2028] 85. Schultz, Joseph Herbert. 1944. Some cytotaxonomic and germination studies in the genus Vaccinium. Pullman, WA: Washington State University. 115 p. Thesis. [10285] 86. Stark, Nellie M. [n.d.]. Nutrient losses from timber harvesting in a larch/Douglas-fir forest. Res. Pap. INT-231. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 41 p. [8530] 87. Stickney, Peter F. 1989. Abbreviated key to western Montana Vacciniums. Unpublished paper on file at: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,Intermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT. [10487] 88. Stiles, Edmund W. 1980. Patterns of fruit presentation and seed dispersal in bird-disseminated woody plants in the Eastern deciduous forest. American Naturalist. 116(5): 670-688. [6508] 89. Thompson, K.; Grime, J. P. 1979. Seasonal variation in the seed banks of herbaceous species in ten contrasting habitats. Journal of Ecology. 67: 893-921. [90] 90. Uggla, Evald. 1959. Ecological effects of fire on north Swedish forests. [Place of publication unknown]: Almqvist and Wiksells. 18 p. [9911] 91. Vander Kloet, S. P. 1983. The taxonomy of Vaccinium and cyanococcus: a summation. Canadian Journal of Botany. 61 1: 256-266. [9009] 92. Vander Kloet, S. P. 1988. The genus Vaccinium in North America. Publication 1828. Ottawa: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada. 201 p. [11436] 93. Vander Kloet, S. P.; Hall, I. V. 1981. The biological flora of Canada. 2. Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx., velvet-leaf blueberry. Canadian Field Naturalist. 95: 329-345. [9107] 94. Van Dersal, William R. 1938. Native woody plants of the United States, their erosion-control and wildlife values. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 362 p. [4240] 95. Vanninen, Irene; Laakso, Seppo; Raatikainen, Mikko. 1988. Geographical variation in the phenology and morphology of bilberry in Finland. ActaBot. Fennica. 136: 49-59. [6411] 96. Vasander, Harri. 1988. Yield of the red raspberry, Rubus idaeus, after prescribed burning at Evo, southern Finland. Acta Bot. Fennica. 136: 61-63. [8906] 97. Vines, Robert A. 1960. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of the Southwest. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. 1104 p. [7707] 98. Welsh, Stanley L.; Atwood, N. Duane; Goodrich, Sherel; Higgins, Larry C., eds. 1987. A Utah flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University. 894 p. [2944] 99. Williams, Clinton K.; Lillybridge, Terry R. 1983. Forested plant associations of the Okanogan National Forest. R6-Ecol-132b. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 116 p. [2566] 100. Woodward, F. I. 1986. Ecophysiological studies on the shrub Vaccinium myrtillus L. taken from a wide altitudinal range. Oecologia. 70: 580-586. [6278] 101. Youngblood, Andrew P.; Mauk, Ronald L. 1985. Coniferous forest habitat types of central and southern Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-187. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 89 p. [2684] 102. Zager, Peter Edward. 1980. The influence of logging and wildfire on grizzly bear habitat in northwestern Montana. Missoula, MT: University of Montana. 131 p. Dissertation. [5032] 103. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1994. Plants of the U.S.--alphabetical listing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 954 p. [23104] 104. Cadbury, C. J. 1976. Botanical implications of bracken control. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 73: 285-294. [9621] 105. Harrington, H. D. 1964. Manual of the plants of Colorado. 2d ed. Chicago: The Swallow Press Inc. 666 p. [6851] 106. Veblen, Thomas T. 1986. Age and size structure of subalpine forests in the Colorado Front Range. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 113(3): 225-240. [8271] 107. Cain, Stanley A. 1931. Ecological studies of the vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee. Botanical Gazette. 91: 22-41. [10340] 108. Kittredge, Joseph, Jr. 1938. The interrelations of habitat, growth rate, and associated vegetation in the aspen community of Minnesota and Wisconsin. Ecological Monographs. 8(2): 152-246. [10356] 109. Langenheim, Jean H. 1962. Vegetation and environmental patterns in the Crested Butte area, Gunnison County, Colorado. Ecological Monographs. 32(2): 249-285. [1399] 110. Unsworth, James W.; Beecham, John J.; Irby, Lynn R. 1989. Female black bear habitat use in west-central Idaho. 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