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Location:
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Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil
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Geographic coordinates:
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33 00 S, 56 00 W
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Map references:
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South America
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Area:
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total: 176,220 sq km
land: 173,620 sq km
water: 2,600 sq km
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than the state of Washington
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Land boundaries:
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total: 1,564 km
border countries: Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km
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Coastline:
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660 km
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Maritime claims:
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contiguous zone: 24 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
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Climate:
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warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
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Terrain:
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mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m
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Natural resources:
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arable land, hydropower, minor minerals, fisheries
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Land use:
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arable land: 7.21%
permanent crops: 0.27%
other: 92.52% (1998 est.)
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Irrigated land:
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1,800 sq km (1998 est.)
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Natural hazards:
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seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts
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Environment - current issues:
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water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban
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Geography - note:
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second-smallest South American country (after Suriname); most of the low-lying landscape (three-quarters of the country) is grassland, ideal for cattle and sheep raising
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