Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Selected Health and Health Care Statistics, 1989, 1990, and 1991


	Armenia	Azerbaijan	Georgia
Disease diagnosis¹
Tuberculosis	17.6	36.2	28.9
Viral hepatitis	279.0	310.5	226.3
Cancer	223.1	224.9	140.9
Hospital beds²	89.4	99.4	110.7
Doctors²	42.8	38.9	59.2
Pharmacists³	7.0	6.7	14.3
Infant mortality⁴	17.1	25.0	15.9

¹ For tuberculosis and cancer, first diagnoses per 100,000 population in 1990; for viral hepatitis, registered cases per 100,000 population in 1989.
² Per 10,000 population: in 1990 for Georgia, in 1991 for Armenia and Azerbaijan.
³ Per 10,000 population in 1989.
⁴ Per 1,000 live births: in 1990 for Georgia, in 1991 for Armenia and Azerbaijan.

Source: Based on information from Christopher M. Davis, "Health Care Crisis: The Former Soviet Union," RFE/RL Research Report [Munich], 2, No. 40, October 8, 1993, 36.

Table 9. Azerbaijan: Annual Per Capita Food Consumption, Selected Years, 1970-90

**(in kilograms unless otherwise specified)**
Food	1970	1980	1985	1990
Bread	155	160	158	151
Eggs (in units)	90	134	155	143
Fish	3	3	5	5
Meat	26	32	35	34
Milk and dairy products	227	281	293	292
Potatoes	25	25	28	27
Sugar	33	40	37	36
Vegetable oil	2	2	3	3
Vegetables	47	72	62	67

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former USSR, Washington, 1992, 183-84.

Table 10. Azerbaijan: Durable Consumer Goods, 1989, 1990, and 1991

**(items per 100 families)**
Product	1989	1990	1991
Automobiles	16	17	16
Refrigerators	83	83	82
Sewing machines	62	60	58
Tape recorders	36	39	40
Televisions	101	102	101
Washing machines	48	51	52

Source: Based on information from United States, Central Intelligence Agency, Handbook of International Economic Statistics, 1993, Washington, 1993, 75.

Table 11. Azerbaijan: Employment by Economic Activity, 1989, 1990, and 1991

**(in thousands of people)**
Activity	1989	1990	1991
Agriculture	905	914	934
Forestry	6	5	5
Industry	483	469	463
Construction	243	251	248
Transportation and communications	133	143	143
Trade and commercial services	232	230	233
Housing and municipal services	108	99	101
Science and research and development	60	58	60
Education and culture	329	338	341
Health and social welfare	168	170	173
Government	61	62	62
Other	67	71	73
TOTAL*	2,794	2,808	2,839

*Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

Source: Based on information from The Europa World Year Book, 1993, 1, London, 1993, 442.

Table 12. Azerbaijan: Population and Employment, 1988-91

**(in thousands of people)**
	1988	1989	1990	1991
Total population	6,963	7,064	7,117	7,175
Urban	3,768	3,829	3,843	3 ,858
Rural	3,195	3,235	3,274	3 ,317
Total labor force	3,932	3,959	3,977	3,986
Total employed	2,753	2,795	2,808	2,839
In state sector	2,209	2,200	2,173	2,171
In collective farms	304	308	312	325
Self-employed	236	241	260	265
Other	4	46	63	78
Students of working age	325	308	306	307
Employed in households	815	721	729	707

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Azerbaijan: From Crisis to Sustained Growth, Washington, 1993, 159.

Table 13. Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Share of Total Production of Major Agricultural Commodities in Former Soviet Union By Republic, 1986-90 Average

**(in percentages)**
Commodity	Armenia	Azerbaijan	Georgia
Citrus fruits	0.0	0.0	96.3
Cotton	0.0	7.7	0.0
Eggs	0.7	1.2	1.0
Fruits and berries	2.0	4.3	6.8
Grains	0.2	0.6	0.3
Grapes	3.1	22.6	11.0
Meat	0.5	0.9	0.9
Milk	0.5	1.0	0.7
Potatoes	0.3	0.3	0.5
Sugar beets	0.1	0.0	0.1
Sunflowers	0.0	0.0	0.1
Vegetables	1.8	3.1	2.0
Wool	0.8	2.3	1.4

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Food and Agricultural Policy Reforms in the Former USSR, Washington, 1992, 194.

Table 14. Azerbaijan: Output of Selected Industrial Products, 1989, 1990, and 1991

**(in thousands of tons unless otherwise specified)**
Product	1989	1990	1991
Aviation fuel	114	89	58
Bitumen	167	146	113
Caustic soda	219	160	171
Diesel oil	4,236	3,899	3,635
Electric energy (in millions of kilowatt-hours)	23,300	23,200	23,300
Fuel oil	7,555	6,686	7,207
Jet kerosene	1,519	1,290	1,205
Lubricants	934	818	763
Motor fuel	1,522	1,479	1,174
Naphtha	550	341	427
Petroleum coke	230	179	161
Steel	696	501	462
Sulfuric acid	768	603	552

Source: Based on information from The Europa World Year Book, 1993, 1, London, 1993, 443.

Table 15. Azerbaijan: Government Budget, 1988-92¹

**(in percentages of GNP)²**
	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992
Revenues
Indirect taxes³	10.3	10.7	12.5	13.0	20.4
Direct taxes⁴	8.4	7.9	8.6	8.1	8.0
Total taxes	18.7	18.6	21.1	21.1	28.4
Nontax revenues	3.5	3.8	5.3	4.4	3.6
Total revenues	22.3	22.3	26.4	25.5	32.0
Expenditures
National economy⁵	9.5	10.6	15.1	9.9	2.4
Science	0.0	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.5
Education	6.9	6.7	7.7	7.0	10.3
Health	2.3	2.5	2.9	2.9	4.0
Culture and sports	0.1	0.1	0.1	1.0	1.0
Social security	3.0	3.2	4.0	6.6	2.6
Internal security and defense	0.3	0.3	0.5	1.3	7.6
Consumer subsidies	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.7
Other	1.1	0.7	1.3	1.7	5.6
Total expenditures	23.1	24.4	31.9	30.5	37.6
Balance	-0.9	- 2.0	-5.5	-5.0	-5.6

¹ Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.
² GNP--gross national product.
³ Turnover, sales, excise, and export-import taxes; value-added tax; and duties.
⁴ Profit, income, and property taxes.
⁵ Investment by budgetary institutions and transfers to the enterprise sector.

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Azerbaijan: From Crisis to Sustained Growth, Washington, 1993, 193.

Table 16. Azerbaijan: Major Trading Partners, 1990


Country	Value*		Percentage of Total
	Exports	Imports	Exports	Imports
Europe	286	836	62.7	65.3
Bulgaria	41	92	9.0	7.2
Britain	14	12	3.1	0.9
Hungary	27	60	5.9	4.7
Italy	11	54	2.4	4.2
Poland	26	140	5.7	10.9
Romania	16	30	3.5	2.3
Germany	49	172	10.7	13.4
Finland	10	39	2.2	3.0
France	12	22	2.6	1.7
Czechoslovakia	33	109	7.2	8.5
Yugoslavia	11	53	2.4	4.1
Asia	72	262	15.9	20.5
India	9	57	2.0	4.5
China	8	28	1.9	2.7
Japan	11	53	2.4	4.1
North America	31	131	6.9	10.2
Cuba	26	67	5.7	5.2
United States	4	39	0.9	3.0

* In millions of rubles.

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Statistical Handbook: States of the Former USSR, Washington, 1992, 68.

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