Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors


When you kow	Multiply by	To find
Millimeters	0.04	inches
Centimeters	0.39	inches
Meters	3.3	feet
Kilometers	0.62	miles
Hectares	2.47	acres
Square kilometers	0.39	square miles
Cubic meters	35.3	cubic feet
Liters	0.26	gallons
Kilograms	2.2	pounds
Metric tons	0.98	long tons
	1.1	short tons
	2,204	pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)	1.8 and add 32	degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Madagascar: Balance of Payments, Selected Years, 1984-92¹

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1984	1986	1988	1990	1992
Merchandise exports, f.o.b.²	337	323	284	319	328
Merchandise imports, f.o.b.	- 360	-331	-319	-566	-466
Trade balance	-23	-8	-34	- 248	-138
Export of services	58	80	131	209	178
Import of services	-306	-365	-443	- 450	-411
Net private transfers	-1	21	38	49	88
Net public transfers	78	132	158	188	148
Current account balance	-193	-141	-149	- 251	-136
Direct and portfolio investment	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	22	21
Other capital	-23	22	-22	-40	-109
Capital account balance	-23	22	-22	- 18	-88
Errors and omissions	n.a.	n.a.	53	- 9	-52
Changes in reserves (- means increase)	-25	-62	-39	3	1

n.a.--not available.
¹ Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.
² f.o.b.--free on board.

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Madagascar, 1994-95, London, 1994, 28.

Table 3. Madagascar: Production of Major Crops, Selected Years, 1986-92

**(in thousands of tons)**
Crop	1986	1988	1990	1992
Bananas	225	260	220	220
Cassava	2,421	2,200	2,292	2,320
Cloves	7	12	10	11
Cocoa	2	3	4	3
Coffee	59	66	85	80
Corn	153	156	155	165
Cotton (seed)	50	46	32	26
Peanuts	33	30	30	32
Rice (paddy)	2,230	2,235	2,420	2,200
Sisal	20	20	20	18
Sugar (raw)	102	122	2,000	1,724
Sweet potatoes	467	485	486	487
Tobacco	5	4	4	4
Vanilla (prepared)	1	1.5	9	7

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Profile: Madagascar, 1994-95, London, 1994, 13.

Table 4. Madagascar: Fish Production, 1992, 1993, and 1994

**(in tons)**
	1992	1993	1994*
Crabs	960	1,200	1,500
Lobsters	460	570	650
Shrimp	7,890	8,600	10,100
Tuna	9,000	11,000	11,500
Other	57,900	66,000	68,000
Freshwater fishing	25,000	27,000	28,000
Total production	101,210	114,370	119,750

* Forecast.

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mauritius, Madagascar, Seychelles [London], No. 2, 1994, 26.

Table 5. Madagascar: Industries Within the Export Processing Zones, 1989, 1991, and 1993

	1989		1991		1993
	Persons Employed	Capital Invested*	Persons Employed	Capital Invested*	Persons Employed	Capital Invested*
Agro-processing	0	0	588	10,248	1,062	17,789
Textiles and clothing	5,464	12,487	6,456	21,041	18,965	66,985
Hides and skins	148	958	200	915	423	4,420
Wood manufacturers	0	0	750	20,726	829	21,315
Electronics	0	0	51	119	237	1,513
Chemicals	0	0	28	427	44	777
Watchmaking	0	0	226	2,739	226	2,739
Other	0	0	332	5,901	1,362	11,550
Promotion of export processing zones (EPZs)	66	111,660	66	111,660	66	111,660
TOTAL	5,612	13,445	8,631	72,116	23,148	126,488

* In millions of Malagasy francs (for value of the Malagasy franc-- see Glossary).

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mauritius, Madagascar, Seychelles [London], No. 2, 1994, 27.

Table 6. Madagascar: Direction of Trade, Selected Years, 1984-92¹

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1984	1986	1988	1990	1992
Exports
Industrialized countries
France²	107.4	104.2	95.1	111.3	116.8
Germany	38.8	24.3	20.8	25.6	38.6
Japan	36.7	35.0	31.4	20.0	28.7
Russia³	2.7	6.6	7.0	2.3	2.7
United States	67.4	48.2	33.7	107.7	50.9
Other	47.9	59.7	39.2	76.1	73.3
Total industrialized countries	300.9	278.1	227.1	342.8	311.0
Developing countries
Africa	7.2	11.5	23.0	36.7	42.2
Asia	15.2	22.3	12.1	22.3	27.1
Europe	9.8	1.1	8.2	2.7	1.0
Latin America	0.1	0.1	---	0.6	0.3
Middle East	0.1	---	3.9	0.1	1.7
Other	---	---	0.1	0.2	0.2
Total developing countries	32.4	34.9	47.2	62.4	72.3
Total exports	333.3	313.0	274.4	404.7	383.5
Imports
Industrialized countries
France	126.9	113.2	124.9	184.4	183.5
Germany	17.5	24.9	30.5	34.8	23.9
Japan	10.2	22.3	23.3	36.5	26.5
Russia	8.3	37.2	32.9	3.1	3.8
United States	42.9	37.9	13.2	13.1	6.7
Other	44.8	34.2	40.6	72.1	68.8
Total industrialized countries	250.6	269.8	265.4	344.1	313.2
Developing countries
Africa	1.8	7.6	7.7	31.2	37.4
Asia	92.3	42.1	44.9	86.2	95.3
Europe	1.6	16.7	19.6	11.4	12.9
Latin America	1.8	2.7	2.7	13.4	13.0
Middle East	132.6	0.3	20.1	30.3	52.0
Other	48.2	0.5	3.7	74.7	90.4
Total developing countries	278.3	69.3	98.7	247.2	301.0
Total imports	528.9	339.6	363.9	590.3	614.1

--- means negligible.
¹ Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.
² West Germany before 1991.
³ Soviet Union before 1992.

Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook, 1986, Washington, 1986, 262-63; and Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook, 1993, Washington, 1993, 262-63.

Table 7. Madagascar: Foreign Assistance, Selected Years, 1979-91

**(in millions of United States dollars)**
	1979	1982	1985	1988	1991
Bilateral assistance
France	38.4	96.4	47.4	108.5	157.0
Germany*	2.1	12.6	16.3	14.3	30.3
Italy	0.2	1.6	2.6	3.7	21.6
Japan	21.0	28.3	11.6	42.8	56.8
Switzerland	5.8	6.8	4.8	25.8	15.3
United States	3.0	15.0	17.0	13.0	71.0
Other	7.8	7.4	5.7	9.5	13.5
Total bilateral assistance	78.3	168.1	105.4	217.6	365.5
Multilateral assistance
African Development Fund	---	2.0	7.2	8.7	17.7
European Economic Community	15.8	21.6	17.8	30.6	17.3
International Development Association	12.6	33.1	58.4	51.0	106.0
Other	12.5	23.9	11.7	18.6	50.4
Total multilateral assistance	40.9	80.6	95.1	108.9	191.4
Other	13.8	15.0	0.0	2.7	0.0
TOTAL	133.0	263.7	200.5	329.2	556.9

--- means negligible.
* West Germany before 1991.

Source: Based on information from Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Paris, 1991.

Table 8. Security Forces of Indian Ocean Island Countries, 1994

Country	Personnel
Madagascar
People's Armed Forces (Forces Armees Populaires (FAP)
Army	20,000
Aeronaval force	1,000
National Gendarmerie	7,500
Civil Police	3,000
Mobile Police Group	1,000
Presidential Guard	1,200
Mauritius
Special Mobile Force (SMF)	1,300
Police	4,000
Special Support Unit	240
National Coast Guard	500
Very Important Persons Security Unit	100
Seychelles
Seychelles People's Defence Forces
Seychelles People's Liberation Army	800
Coast Guard (includes 100-member air wing and 80 marines)	300
People's Militia	1,000
Police	560
Presidential Guard	300
Comoros
Comoran Armed Forces	700- 800
National Police Force	500
Presidential Guard	600*
Maldives
National Security Service	1,800

* Undergoing reorganization.

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1994- 1995, London, 230-32.

Table 9. Major Equipment of Madagascar Armed Forces, 1994

Type and Description		Country of Origin	In Inventory
Light tanks
	PT-76	Soviet Union	12
Reconnaissance
	BRDM-2 armored cars	-do-	35
	M-8 armored scout cars	United States	8
	M-3A1 armored scout cars	-do-	20
	FV-701 Ferret scout cars	Britain	10
Armored personnel carriers
	M-3A1	United States	30
Towed artillery
	ZIS-3 76mm	Soviet Union	12
	M-101 105mm	United States	n.a.
	D-30 122mm	Soviet Union	12
Recoilless guns
	M-40A1 106mm	United States	n.a.
Mortars
	M-37 82mm	Soviet Union	n.a.
	M-43 120mm	-do-	8
Air defense guns
	ZPU-4 14.5mm	-do-	50
	37mm Type 55	-do-	20
Fighter	ground attack aircraft
	MiG-21FL Fishbed	- do-	8
	MiG-17F Fresco	- do-	4
Transport
	An-26 Curl	-do-	4
	Yak-40 Codling	- do-	2
	BN-2 Defender	Britain	3
	C-212 Aviocar	Spain	2
Helicopters
	Mi-8 Hip	Soviet Union	6
Liaison
	Cessna 310R	United States	1
	Cessna 337	-do-	3
	PA-23 Aztec	-do-	1
Training
	Cessna 172	-do-	4
Patrol craft, inshore
	Malaika PR-48	France	1
Amphibious
	Toky (Batram design)/landing ship, medium	-do-	1
	Landing ship, assault	unknown	1
	EDIC-type landing craft, tank	France	1

n.a.--not available

Source: Based on information from The Military Balance, 1994- 1995, London, 1994, 230-31.

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