Appendix
Table 1. Metric Conversion Coefficients and Factors
When you know |
Multiply by |
To find |
|
|
|
Millimeters |
0.04 |
inches |
Centimeters |
0.39 |
inches |
Meters |
3.3 |
feet |
Kilometers |
0.62 |
miles |
Hectares |
2.47 |
acres |
Square kilometers |
0.39 |
square miles |
Cubic meters |
35.3 |
cubic feet |
Liters |
0.26 |
gallons |
Kilograms |
2.2 |
pounds |
Metric tons |
0.98 |
long tons |
|
1.1 |
short tons |
|
2,204 |
pounds |
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade) |
1.8
and add 32 |
degrees Fahrenheit |
Table 2. Total Population and Population Density by State, 1990
State |
Total Population (in thousands) |
Inhabitants per Square Kilometer |
|
|
|
Aguascalientes |
720 |
131.6 |
Baja California Norte |
1,658 |
23.7 |
Baja California Sur |
317 |
4.3 |
Campeche |
529 |
10.4 |
Chiapas |
3,204 |
43.2 |
Chihuahua |
2,440 |
10.0 |
Coahuila |
1,971 |
13.1 |
Colima |
425 |
81.9 |
Durango |
1,352 |
11.0 |
Guanajuato |
3,980 |
130.5 |
Guerrero |
2,622 |
40.8 |
Hidalgo |
1,881 |
90.4 |
Jalisco |
5,279 |
65.3 |
México |
9,816 |
459.7 |
Michoacán |
3,534 |
59.0 |
Morelos |
1,195 |
241.4 |
Nayarit |
816 |
30.2 |
Nuevo León |
3,086 |
47.5 |
Oaxaca |
3,922 |
32.2 |
Puebla |
4,118 |
121.5 |
Querétaro |
1,044 |
91.2 |
Quintana Roo |
494 |
9.8 |
San Luis Potosí |
2,002 |
31.7 |
Sinaloa |
2,211 |
37.9 |
Sonora |
1, 822 |
10.0 |
Tabasco |
1,501 |
59.4 |
Tamaulipas |
2,244 |
28.3 |
Tlaxcala |
764 |
190.2 |
Veracruz |
6,215 |
86.7 |
Yucatán |
1,364 |
42.5 |
Zacatecas |
1,278 |
17.4 |
Federal District |
8,237 |
5,569.3 |
MEXICO |
82,041 |
41.6 |
Source: Based on information from Germany, Statistisches Bundesamt, Länderbericht Mexiko, 1992, Wiesbaden, 1992, 31.
Table 3. Crude Death Rate, Selected Years, 1900-90
Year |
Crude Death Rate |
|
|
1900-04 |
34.5 |
1905-10 |
33.2 |
1911-23 |
n.a. |
1930-34 |
25.6 |
1940 |
23.4 |
1950 |
16.1 |
1960 |
11.5 |
1970 |
10.1 |
1980 |
7.5 |
1990 |
5.2 |
Source: Based on information from Vicente Sánchez, Margarita Castillejos, and Lenora Rojas Bracho, Población, recursos y medio ambiente en México, Mexico City, 1989, 36; and Mexico, National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Informatics, Mexico Today, Aguascalientes, 1992, 23.
Table 4. School Enrollment by Education Level, 1970-71, 1980-81, and 1990-91 (in thousands)
Education Level |
1970-71 |
1980-81 |
1990-91 |
|
|
|
|
Primary schools |
9,248 |
14,666 |
14,622 |
Middle schools and high schools |
1,108 |
4,042 |
6,034 |
Vocational high schools |
182 |
492 |
1,018 |
Teachers' high schools |
53 |
208 |
121 |
Universities and colleges |
248 |
930 |
1,314 |
Source: Based on information from Germany, Statistisches Bundesamt, Länderbericht Mexiko, 1992, Wiesbaden, 1992, 44.
Table 5. Vital Demographic Statistics, Selected Years, 1980-92
|
1980 |
1984 |
1988 |
1992 |
|
|
|
|
|
Life expectancy |
66 |
68 |
69 |
70 |
Males1 |
63 |
65 |
66 |
67 |
Females1 |
69 |
71 |
73 |
74 |
Births |
2,428 |
2,512 |
2,622 |
2,726 |
Deaths2 |
434 |
411 |
413 |
421 |
Source: Based on information from Germany, Statistisches Bundesamt, Länderbericht Mexiko, 1992, Wiesbaden, 1992, 38.
Table 6. Infant Mortality Rate, Selected Years, 1930-90
Year |
Infant Mortality Rate |
|
|
1930 |
145.6 |
1940 |
125.7 |
1950 |
96.2 |
1960 |
74.2 |
1970 |
68.5 |
1980 |
38.8 |
1990 |
40.0 |
Source: Based on information from Octavio Mojarro, Juan García, and José García, "Mortality," in Jorge Martínez Manautou, ed., The Demographic Revolution in Mexico, 1970-1980, Mexico City, 1982, 378; and XI Censo General de Población y Vivienda, 1990, "Mortalidad Infantil en México, 1990. Estimaciones Por Entidad Federativa y Municipio" (http://www.inegi.gob.mx/homepara/estadistica/documentos/censos/censos.htm1#OCHO).
Table 7. Selected Economic Indicators, 1988-95
Economic Indicator |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GDP |
390.5 |
507.6 |
868.4 |
865.2 |
1,019 |
1,123 |
1,248 |
1,565 |
GDP growth |
1.3 |
3.3 |
4.5 |
3.6 |
2.8 |
0.4 |
3.5 |
-7.0 |
GNP per capita |
1,990 |
2,210 |
2,580 |
2,970 |
3,390 |
3,610 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
Inflation2 |
114.1 |
20.0 |
26.7 |
22.7 |
15.5 |
10.0 |
7.0 |
34.8 |
External debt |
99.2 |
95.3 |
104.3 |
115.4 |
113.4 |
118.0 |
135.5 |
157.0 |
Exchange rate |
2.27 |
2.46 |
2.81 |
3.02 |
3.09 |
3.11 |
3.37 |
6.47 |
Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mexico [London], No. 3, 1994, 3; and Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mexico [London], No. 1, 1996, 3.
Table 8. Production of Selected Crops, 1988-90
Crop |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
|
|
|
|
Beverages |
|
|
|
Cocoa |
57 |
50 |
36 |
Coffee |
300 |
343 |
296 |
Fruit |
|
|
|
Apples |
507 |
499 |
310 |
Avocados |
335 |
320 |
320 |
Bananas |
1,566 |
1,185 |
1,165 |
Coconuts |
1,159 |
1,057 |
1,002 |
Grapefruit |
105 |
100 |
118 |
Grapes |
563 |
489 |
506 |
Lemons |
660 |
727 |
463 |
Mangoes |
780 |
790 |
800 |
Melons |
826 |
875 |
880 |
Oranges |
2,099 |
1,166 |
1,558 |
Papayas |
630 |
640 |
650 |
Peaches |
265 |
265 |
265 |
Pineapples |
248 |
324 |
328 |
Tangerines |
151 |
169 |
198 |
Grains |
|
|
|
Barley |
350 |
433 |
521 |
Corn |
10,600 |
10,945 |
14,639 |
Oats |
100 |
105 |
105 |
Rice |
456 |
637 |
357 |
Wheat |
3,665 |
4,374 |
3,880 |
Legumes |
|
|
|
Beans |
857 |
586 |
1,247 |
Chickpeas |
150 |
120 |
170 |
Soybeans |
226 |
992 |
512 |
Vegetables |
|
|
|
Peppers |
654 |
570 |
590 |
Tomatoes |
1,980 |
1,889 |
1,646 |
Source: Based on information from Germany, Statistisches Bundesamt, Länderbericht Mexiko, 1992, Wiesbaden, 1992, 81.
Table 9. Selected Statistics for Hydrocarbon Production, 1996
|
Petroleum |
Natural Gas |
|
|
|
Proven reserves |
49,775,000 |
68,413 |
Production (per day) |
2,686 |
1,358 |
Refining (per day) |
1,520 |
3.7 |
Source: Based on information from Jim West, ed., International Petroleum Encyclopedia, 1996, Tulsa, 1996, 241, 280, 281, 312.
Table 10. Production of Selected Minerals, 1989-91
Mineral |
Unit |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
|
|
|
|
|
Metallic minerals |
|
|
|
|
Aluminum |
thousands of tons |
123 |
122 |
96 |
Antimony |
tons |
1,906 |
2,627 |
2,757 |
Bismuth |
tons |
883 |
733 |
651 |
Cadmium |
tons |
1,439 |
1,346 |
1,253 |
Copper |
thousands of tons |
249 |
291 |
267 |
Gold |
tons |
6.6 |
8.2 |
7.3 |
Iron ore |
thousands of tons |
5,373 |
6,194 |
6,391 |
Lead |
thousands of tons |
163 |
1,174 |
153 |
Manganese |
thousands of tons |
151 |
136 |
79 |
Silver |
tons |
2,306 |
2,324 |
2,217 |
Steel |
thousands of tons |
7,392 |
8,220 |
5,867 |
Zinc |
thousands of tons |
110 |
108 |
66 |
Nonmetallic minerals |
|
|
|
|
Barite |
thousands of tons |
326 |
310 |
192 |
Cement |
millions of tons |
24 |
25 |
18 |
Fluorite |
thousands of tons |
780 |
672 |
366 |
Graphite |
thousands of tons |
40 |
25 |
28 |
Phosphate |
thousands of tons |
624 |
605 |
416 |
Sulfur |
thousands of tons |
2,084 |
2,137 |
1,791 |
Source: Based on information from Germany, Statistisches Bundesamt, Länderbericht Mexiko, 1992, Wiesbaden, 1992, 84.
Table 11. Selected Trade Indicators, 1991-95 (in billions of United States dollars)
Trade Indicator |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exports |
42.7 |
46.2 |
51.9 |
60.9 |
79.9 |
Imports1 |
50.0 |
62.1 |
65.4 |
79.4 |
72.5 |
Current account balance |
-15.0 |
-24.8 |
-23.4 |
-28.8 |
-0.1 |
Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mexico [London], No. 1, 1996, 3.
Table 12. Major Trading Partners, 1993 and 1994 (in millions of United States dollars)
Country |
1993 |
1994 |
|
|
|
Exports |
|
|
Brazil |
291 |
380 |
Canada |
1,558 |
1,534 |
France |
446 |
519 |
Germany |
426 |
406 |
Japan |
704 |
997 |
Spain |
877 |
858 |
United States |
42,838 |
52,787 |
Imports |
|
|
Brazil |
1,201 |
1,207 |
Canada |
1,175 |
1,627 |
France |
1,106 |
1,530 |
Germany |
2,852 |
3,210 |
Japan |
3,929 |
4,805 |
Spain |
1,115 |
1,389 |
United States |
45,317 |
55,468 |
Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Mexico [London], No. 1, 1996, Appendix 3.
Table 13. Major Army Equipment, 1996
Type and Description |
Country of Origin |
Number in Inventory |
|
|
|
Armored reconnaissance vehicles |
|
|
M-8 |
United States |
50 |
ERC-90 Lynx |
France |
120 |
VBL M-11 |
France |
40 |
DN-3/-5 Caballo |
Mexico |
70 |
MOWAG |
Germany |
30 |
Mex-1 |
Mexico |
20 |
Mac-1 |
n.a. |
15 |
Armored personnel carriers |
|
|
HWK-11 |
Germany |
40 |
M-3 halftrack |
United States |
30 |
VCR-TT |
France |
40 |
DN-4 Caballo |
Mexico |
40 |
AMX-VCI |
United States |
40 |
BDX |
n.a. |
18 |
LAV-150 ST |
Belgium |
26 |
Towed artillery |
|
|
M-116 pack, 75mm |
United States |
18 |
M-2A1/M-3, 105mm |
United States |
16 |
M-101, 105mm |
United States |
60 |
M-56, 105mm |
United States |
24 |
Self-propelled artillery
M-8, 75mm |
United States |
5 |
Mortars |
|
|
81mm |
United States |
1,500 |
Brandt 120mm |
France |
20 |
Antitank guided weapons |
|
|
Milan (eight mounted on VBL M-11) |
France |
n.a. |
Antitank guns |
|
|
M-30, 37mm |
United States |
30 |
Air defense guns |
|
|
M-55, 12.7mm |
United States |
40 |
Surface-to-air missiles |
|
|
RBS-70 |
Sweden |
n.a. |
Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1996-1997, London, 1996, 226.
Table 14. Major Air Force Equipment, 1996
Type and Description |
Country of Origin |
Number in Inventory |
|
|
|
Fighter aircraft |
|
|
F-5 (8 F-5E, 2 F-5F) |
United States |
10 |
Counterinsurgency |
|
|
PC-7 Pilatus |
Switzerland |
40 |
AT-33 Lockheed Shooting Star |
United States |
12 |
Reconnaissance |
|
|
Rockwell Commander 500C |
United States |
10 |
SA2-37A |
France |
1 |
Search-and-air rescue |
|
|
1A1-201 Arava |
Israel |
12 |
Armed helicopters |
|
|
Bell 205 (5); 206 (5); 212 (15) |
United States |
25 |
Utility helicopters |
|
|
Bell 205 (4); 206 (12); 212 (15); UH-60 (2);
5-70A (4) |
United States |
37 |
SA-330 Puma |
France |
3 |
Transport |
|
|
Various, including C-47 (12); C-118 (10);
C-130A (9); DC-6 (5); BN-2 (2); C-54
(1); F-27 (2) |
various |
47 |
|
|
|
Note: Presidential transport fleet and training aircraft not included. |
Source: Based on information from International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1996-1997, London, 1996, 227.
Table 15. Major Naval Equipment, 1996
Type and Description |
Country of Origin |
Commissioned or Transferred |
Number in Inventory |
|
|
|
|
Destroyers |
|
|
|
Gearing-class, ASROC launcher, 4 127mm (5in) guns |
United States |
1982 |
2 |
Fletcher-class, 5 127mm guns, Bofors 400mm air defense guns |
United States |
1970 |
1 |
Frigates |
|
|
|
Bronstein-class, ASROC launcher, ASRR, 76mm guns |
n.a. |
n.a. |
2 |
Offshore patrol vessels |
|
|
|
Holzinger-class with Bo-105 helicopters |
Mexico |
1991-93 |
4 |
Uribe-class (Spanish Halcón) with Bo-105 helicopters |
Spain |
1982-83 |
6 |
Guanajuato, 2 102mm guns |
Spain |
1926 |
1 |
Auk-class 3in gun, 4 Bofors 40mm air defense guns |
United States |
1973 |
16 |
Admirable-class, 3in gun, 2 Bofors 40mm air defense guns |
United States |
1943-44 |
12 |
Inshore patrol boats |
|
|
|
Azteca-class, 1 Bofors 40mm air defense gun |
Britain/Mexico |
1974-77;
modernized 1987 |
31 |
Cape-class |
United States |
1990-91 |
3 |
Point-class |
United States |
1991 |
2 |
Polimar-class |
Mexico |
1962-68 |
8 |
Amphibious |
|
|
|
511-class |
United States |
n.a. |
2 |
Naval aircraft |
|
|
|
Bo-105 helicopter |
Germany |
n.a. |
12 |
Casa C-212 Aviocar (maritime reconnaissance) |
Spain |
n.a. |
9 |
HU-16 helicopter (search-and-air rescue) |
United States |
n.a. |
6 |
Source: Based on information from Richard Sharpe, ed., Jane's Fighting Ships, 1993-94, Alexandria, Virginia, 1993, 415-23, and International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1996-97, London, 1996, 226.
1.
These figures differ somewhat from those in the Mexican government's 1990 census.
2.
Number per thousand residents.
3.
Statistics not available for 1911-23 because of Mexican Revolution.
4.
n.a.--not available.
5.
Figure for 1989-90 school year.
6.
In years.
7.
Registered, in thousands.
8.
Number per thousand registered live births.
9.
GDP--gross domestic product; in billions of current Mexican new pesos (for value of the Mexican new peso--see Glossary).
10.
In percentages.
11.
GNP--gross national product; in current United States dollars.
12.
n.a.--not available.
13.
In billions of current United States dollars
14.
In Mexican new pesos per United States dollar.
15.
In thousands of barrels.
16.
In billions of cubic feet.
17.
1995 (estimated).
18.
Free on board.
19.
Includes transfers of émigré worker remittances and nonmerchandise transfers (services).
20.
n.a.--not available.
21.
n.a.--not available.
|