You are here -allRefer - Reference - Country Study & Country Guide - Vietnam >

allRefer Reference and Encyclopedia Resource

allRefer    
allRefer
   


-- Country Study & Guide --     

 

Vietnam

 
Country Guide
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belize
Bhutan
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Caribbean Islands
Comoros
Cyprus
Czechoslovakia
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
Georgia
Germany
Germany (East)
Ghana
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Cote d'Ivoire
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Laos
Lebanon
Libya
Lithuania
Macau
Madagascar
Maldives
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Nepal
Nicaragua
Nigeria
North Korea
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Singapore
Somalia
South Africa
South Korea
Soviet Union [USSR]
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkmenistan
Turkey
Uganda
United Arab Emirates
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yugoslavia
Zaire

Appendix A. Tables

Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and Factors

When you kowMultiply byTo find
Millimeters0.04inches
Centimeters0.39inches
Meters3.3feet
Kilometers0.62miles
Hectares2.47acres
Square kilometers0.39square miles
Cubic meters35.3cubic feet
Liters0.26gallons
Kilograms2.2pounds
Metric tons0.98long tons
1.1short tons
2,204pounds
Degrees Celsius (Centigrade)1.8 and add 32degrees Fahrenheit

Table 2. Population, 1979, 1984 and 1988

(in thousands)
Place1979 Census PopulationEstimated 1984 PopulationEstimated 1988 Population
Municipalities
Hanoi2,5712,8783,170
Haiphong1,2791,3971,500
Ho Chi Minh City3,4203,5643,685
Provinces
An Giang1,5321,7651,980
Bac Thai815903980
Ben Tre1,0421,1641,275
Binh Tri Thien1,9022,0202,120
Cao Bang480540595
Cuu Long1,5041,6861,850
Dac Lac490611735
Dong Nai1,3051,5021,690
Dong Thap1,1831,3141,430
Gia Lai-Kon Tum596692785
Ha Bac1,6631,8922,110
Ha Nam Ninh2,7813,0613,315
Ha Son Binh1,5371,7051,850
Ha Tuyen782881975
Hai Hung2,1452,3962,625
Hau Giang2,2332,4952,735
Hoang Lien Son778866950
Kien Giang9951,1231,245
Lai Chau322378432
Lam Dong397487580
Lang Son485534580
Long An9571,0811,195
Minh Hai1,2201,5501,900
Nghe Tinh3,1123,3983,655
Nghia Binh2,0952,3552,600
Phu Khanh1,1891,3321,465
Quang Nam-Da Nang1,5301,6781,810
Quang Ninh750812870
Son La488562635
Song Be659734805
Tay Ninh684758830
Thai Binh1,5061,6531,790
Thanh Hoa2,5322,7803,010
Thuan Hai9381,0851,220
Tien Giang1,2651,3881,505
Vinh Phu1,4881,6561,805
Special Zone
Vung Tau-Con Dao929498
TOTAL52,74258,77064,385

Table 3. Ethnic Composition, 1979

Ethnic groupAlternate namesPrincipal areas of residence (provinces)Population 1
VietKinhThroughout the nation46,065,400
Hoa (Han, Chinese)Trieu Chau, Phuc Kien, Quang Dong, Hai Nam, Ha, Xa Phang Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Hau Ginag, Dong Nai, Minh Hai, Kien Giang, Haiphong Cuu Long 935,100
TayTho, Ngan, Phen, Thu, Lao, Pa, Zi Cao Bang, Lang Son, Ha, Tuyen, Bac Thai, Hoang Lien Son, Quang Ninh, Ha Bac, Lam Dong 901,800
ThaiTai, Tai Khao (White Thai), Tay Dam (Black Thai), Tai Moui, Tai Thanh (Man Thanh, Hang Tong (Tai Muong), Pu Thay, Tho Da Bac Son La, Nghe Tinh, Thanh Hoa, Lai Chau, Hoang Lien, Ha Son Binh, Lam Dong766,700
KhmerCur, Cul, Cu, Tho, Khmer-Vietnamese, Khmer KromHau Giang, Cuu Long, Kien Giang, Minh Hai, Ho Chi Minh City, Song Be Tay Ninh717,300
MuongMol, Mual, Moi, Moi Bi, Ao Ta (Au Ta)Ha Son Binh, Thanh Hoa, Vin Phu, Hoang Lien Son, Son La, Ha Nam Ninh686,100
Nung Xuong, Giang, Nung An, Phan Sinh, Nung Chao, Loi, Quy Rin, Khen Lai Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Thai, Ha Tuyen, Ha Bac, Hoang Lien Son, Quang Ninh, Ho Chi Minh City, Lam Dong 559,700
Hmong (Meo) Meo Hoa, Meo Xanh, Meo Do, Meo Den, Na Mieo, Man TrangHa Tuyen, Hoang Lien Son, Lai Chau, Son La, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Nghe Tinh411,100
Zao Man, Dong, Trai, Xa, Ziu, Mien, Kiem Mien, Quan Chet, Lo Gang, Zao Tien, Thanh Thah Y, Lan Ten, Dai Ban, Tieu Ban Coc Ngang, Coc Mun Son Dau Ha Tuyen, Hoang Lien Son, Cao Bang, Lang Son, Bac Thai, Lai Chau, Son La, Ha Son Binh, Vinh Phu, Ha Bac, Thanh Hoa, Quang Ninh346,800
Jarai Giorai, Chorai, Tobuan, Hobau, Hdrung, ChorGia Lai-Kon Tum 184,500
Ede Rhade, De, Kpa, Adham, Krung Ktul, Dlie Rue, Blo, Epan, Mdhur, BihDac Lac, Phu Khanh140,900
Bahnar Golar, Tolo, Gho long, (Y-lang), Rengao, Ro Ngao, Kren, Roh, Kon Kde, A-la Kong, Kpang Kong, Bo Man Gia Lai-Kon Tum, Nghia Binh, Phu Khanh109,100
San Chay (Cao Lan-San Chi) Cao Lan, Man Cao Lan, Hon Ban, San Chi (also called Son Tu but excludes the San Chi of Bao Lac and Cho Ra)Bac Thai, Quang Ninh, Ha Bac, Cao Bang Lang Son, Ha Tuyen 77,100
Cham Chiem Thanh, HroiThuan Hai, An Giang, Ho Chi Minh City, Nghia Binh, Phu Khan 77,000
Sadang Xo Teng, Hdang, To Trah, Mo Nam, Ha Lang, Ka Dong, Km Rang, Con Lan, Bri La, TangGia Lai-Kon Tum, Quang Nam-Da-Nang73,100
Kohor Xre, Nop (Tu-lop), Codon Chil, Lat (Lach), TrinhLam Dong, Thuan Hai70,500
Hre Cham Re, Chom, Kre, Luy Nghia Binh 66,900
San Ziu San Zeo, Trai, Trai Dat, Man Quan CocBac Thai, Vinh Phu, Ha Bac, Quang Ninh, Ha Tuyen 65,800
Raglai Ra Clay, Rai, Noang, La OangThuan Hai, Phu Khanh 58,000
Mnong Phong, Nong, Pre, Bu Zang, Di Pri, Biat, Gar, Ro-lam, ChilDac Lac, Lam Dong, Song Be46,000
Stieng Xa dieng Song Be, Tay Ninh 40,800
Bo Ru Van Kieu Bru, Van Kieu, Mang Cong, Tri, Khua Binh Tri Thien 33,100
Kho Mu Khmu, Xe Cau, Mun Xen, Pu Thenh, Tenh, Tay HayNghe Tinh, Son La, Lai Chau, Hoang Lien Son32,100
Giay Nhang, Dang, Pau Thin Pu, Na, Cui Chu, XaHoang Lien Son, Ha Tuyen, Lai Chau27,900
Ko Tu Ka tu, Cao, Ha, Phuong, Ka TangQuang Nam-Da Nang, Binh Tri Thien27,000
Tho Keo, Mon, Cuoi, Ho, Dan Lai, Ly Ha, Tay Pong, Con Kha, Xa La VangNghe Tinh, Thanh Hoa24,900
Ta Oi Toi Oi, Pa Co, Pa Hi (Ba Hi)Binh Tri Thien 20,500
Ma Chau Ma, Ma Ngan, Maxop Ma To, Ma Krung Lam Dong, Dong Nai 20,300
Jehtrieng Jeh, Gie, Dgieh, Tareh, Giang Ray, Pin, Trieng, Treng, Ta Rieng, Ve (Veh), La Ve, Ka TangQuang Nam-Da Nang, Gia Lai-Kon Tum 16,800
Co Cor, Col, Cau, TrauNghia Binh, Quang Nam-Da Nang 16,800
Ha Nhi U Ni, Xa U NiLai Chau, Hoang Lien Son 9,400
Cho Ru Chru, Che-ru, ChuLam Dong, Thuan Hai 7,700
Cho Ro Zo Ro, Chau RoDong Nai 7,100
Xing Mun Puoc, PuaSon La, Lai Chau 7000
Phu La Bo Kho Pa, Mu Zi Pa, Xa Pho, Pho, Va Xo Lao, Pu ZangHoang Lien Son, Lai Chau6,900
Lao Lao Boc, Lao NoiLai Chau, Son La, Thanh Hoa, Hoang Lien Son 6,800
La Chi Cui Te, La QuaHa Tuyen 5,900
La Hu Khu Xung, Co Xung, Kha QayLai Chau 4,300
La Ha Xa Khao, Khla PhlaoLai Chau, Son La 3,200
Lu Nhuon (Zuon) Lai Chau 3,000
Chut Sach, May, Ruc, Ma Lieng, A Rem, Tu Yang, Pa Leng, Xo Lang, To Hung, Cha Cu, Tac Cui, U Mo, Xa La VangBinh Tri Thien 3,000
Lo Lo Mun Zi Cao Bang, Lang Son, Ha Tuyen 2,700
Mang Mang U, Xa La VangLai Chau 2,400
Khang Xa Khao, Xa Sua, Xa Don Xa Dang, Xa Hoc, Xa Ai, Xa Bung, Quang Lam Lai Chau, Son La 2,300
Pathen Pa Hung, TongHa Tuyen 2,200
Ngai Xin, Le, Dan, Khanh GiaQuang Ninh, Cao Bang, Lang Son1,300
Boy Chung Cha, Trong Gia, Tu Zi, Tu Zin Hoang Lien Son, Ha Tuyen 1,300
Co Lao none Ha Tuyen 1,200
Cong Xan Khong, Mong Nhe, Xa XengLai Chau 800
Si La Cu De Xu, Kha PeLai Chau 400
Pu Peo Ka Beo, Pen Ti, Lo LoHa Tuyen 300
Brau Brao Gia Lai-Kon Tum 100
O Du Tay Hat Nghe Tinh 100
Romam n.a. Gia Lai-Kon Tum 100
Other (including foreign residents) 43,400
Total 52,742,000

1 1979 census figures rounded to the nearest 100.

Source: Based on information from Vietnam Courier, [Hanoi], June 1987, 28-31; and Committee for Social Sciences, Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Vietnam Social Sciences, [Hanoi], March and April 1986, 172-76.

Table 4. Economic Growth Rate, 1976-90

(in percentages)
National IncomeAgricultural ProductionIndustrial Production
Five-Year PlansProjectedActualProjected ActualProjectedActual
Second Five-Year Plan (1976-80)13-140.48-101.916-180.6
Third Five-Year Plan (1981-85)4.5-56.46.0-74.94.0-59.5
Fourth Five-Year Plan (1986-90)*8.04.36.21.49.05.6

*Projected figures through 1987; actual figures for 1986.

Source: Based on information from Tetsusaburo Kimura, Vietnam: International Relations and Economic Development, Tokyo, 1987, 164-65.

Table 5. National Income by Sector, Selected Years, 1975-85

(in percentages)
Sector197519801982198 41985
Agriculture46.850.157.242.444.6
Industry24.019.925.332.832.4
Commerce13.518.210.512.817.9
Construction6.23.42.44.52.4
Transport and services4.04.12.22.80.9
Other5.54.32.44.71.8
TOTAL100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0

Source: Based on information from Statisticheskii ezhegodnik stranchlenov Soveta Ekonomicheskoi Vzaimopomoshchi (Statistical Yearbook of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance), Moscow, 1986, 42-43.

Table 6. Agricultural and Industrial Production, 1975-84

(in millions of dong)*
AgricultureIndustry
19756,429.57,288.4
19767,087.88,208.9
19776,740.29,028.9
19786,743.69,520.1
19797,204.19,089.9
19807,622.58,218.4
19817,867.19,463.0
198281,135.672,095.0
198384,116.382,999.8
198489,331.888,995.2

*1975-81 based on fixed 1970 prices; 1982-84 based on fixed 1982 prices.

Source: Based on information from Tong Cuc Thong Ke, So Lieu Thong Ke, 1930-1984 (Statistical Data, 1930-1984), Hanoi, March 1985, 40-82; Thong Ke (Statistics), Hanoi, March 1985, 31-33; and Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Southeast Asia Report, JPRS-SEA-85-100, June 1985, 96-97.

Table 7. Rice Production, 1975-85

YearProduction (million tons)Area Cultivated (1,000 hectares)Yield (100 kilograms/hectare)
197510.544,94021.3
197611.875,31422.3
197710.895,40920.1
197810.045,44218.5
197910.765,48319.8
198011.685,54421.1
198112.555,64522.2
198214.175,70924.8
198314.735,60326.3
198415.615,67127.5
1985*16.505,75028.7

*Estimated.

Source: Based on information from Tong Cuc Thong Ke So Lieu Thong Ke, 1930-84 (Statistical Data, 1930-84), Hanoi, March 1985, 93.

Table 8. Electricity and Coal Production, Selected Years, 1975- 85

1975197819801983 19841985
Electricity1242838463680418448535400
Coal25.206.005.306.204.906.00

1Millions of kilowatt hours.
2Millions of tons.

Source: Based on information from Statisticheskii ezhegodnik stranchlenov Soveta Ekonomicheskoi Vzaimopomoshchi (Statistical Yearbook of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance), Moscow, 1986, 73, 74. Translation of Hanoi, Statistical General Department, Statistics Publishing House, So Lieu Thong Ke, 1930-84, 1985, in Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Southeast Asia Report, Reference Aid, Vietnam, Statistical Data 1930-84, JPRS-SEA-86-108, June 25, 1986, 44.

Table 9. Soviet Economic and Military Assistance to Vietnam, 1978-86

(in millions of United States dollars)
YearEconomic AssistanceMilitary AssistanceTotalMilitary Assistance as Percentage of Total
1978700-1,000600-8001,300-1,80046.1-44.4
1979800-1,100900-1,4001,700-2,50052.9-56.0
19802,900-3,200800-9003,700-4,10021.6-22.0
1981900900-1,0001,800-1,90050.0-52.6
19821,2001,0002,20045.4
19831,3001,2002,50048.0
19841,4001,3002,70048.1
19851,6001,7003,30051.5
1986*1,8001,5003,30045.4

*Estimated.

Source: Based on information from Douglas Pike, Vietnam and the Soviet Union, Boulder, Colorado, 1987, 139.

Table 10. Foreign Trade, 1976-86

(in millions of United States dollars)
YearImportsExportsTrade Balance
1976825.9215.0-610.9
19771,044.1309.0-735.1
19781,465.8406.7-1,059.1
19791,653.0383.1-1,269.9
19801,576.7398.6-1,178.1
19811,697.3388.3-1,309.0
19821,599.6479.7-1,119.9
19831,689.2534.5-1,154.7
19841,802.5570.5-1,232.0
19852,046.3660.3-1,386.0
19862,506.9739.5-1,767.4

Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook, Washington, 1987, 412-13.

Table 11. Trade with the Soviet Union, 1976-86

(in millions of United States dollars)
YearImportsExportsTrade BalanceTotalTrade with Soviet Union as Percentage of Total Foreign Trade
1976308.484.4-224.0392.837.7
1977372.0176.1-195.9548.140.5
1978446.4222.5-223.9668.935.7
1979680.3225.0-455.3905.344.5
1980700.1242.4-457.7942.547.7
19811,006.4232.2-774.21,238.659.4
19821,107.4284.4-823.01,391.866.9
19831,213.9315.3-898.61,529.268.8
19841,230.1316.0-914.11,546.165.2
19851,410.9339.3-1,071.61,750.264.7
19861,878.1419.2-1,458.92,297.370.8

Table 12. Ministries, State Commissions, and Special Agencies of the Council of Ministers, 1987

Ministries
Agriculture and Food IndustryHome Trade
BuildingInformation
Communications and TransportationInterior
CultureJustice
EducationLabor, War Invalids, and Social Welfare
EnergyLight Industry
Engineering and MetalsMarine Products
FinanceNational Defense
Foreign AffairsPublic Health
Foreign TradeSupply
ForestryWater Conservancy
Higher and Vocational Education
State Commissions
Capital Construction CommissionState Planning Commission
Commission for Economic Relations with Foreign CountriesState Price Commission
State Prize Commission
State Inspection CommissionState Science and Technology Commission
State Law CommissionState Bank of Vietnam
State Nationalities Commission
Special Agencies
Commissions
Vietnam News AgencySocial Science Commission
Government Organization Commission
Departments
Chemicals General DepartmentMeteorology and Hydrology General Department
Civil Aviation DepartmentOil and Natural Gas General Department
Food Administration DepartmentPhysical Education and Sports General Department
Forestry Administration Department
General Information DepartmentPolitical Tasks Department
General Rubber DepartmentPosts and Telecommunications Department
Geography DepartmentRailway General Department
Geology DepartmentStatistics General Department
Land Management General DepartmentVocational Training General Department

Source: Based on information from United States Central Intelligence Agency Directorate of Intelligence, Directory of Officials of Vietnam, Washington, July 1985, 27-52.

Vietnam - TABLE OF CONTENTS


Go Up - Top of Page

Make allRefer Reference your HomepageAdd allRefer Reference to your FavoritesGo to Top of PagePrint this PageSend this Page to a Friend


Information Courtesy: The Library of Congress - Country Studies


Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities.

 

 

 
 


About Us | Contact Us | Terms of Use | Privacy | Links Directory
Link to allRefer | Add allRefer Search to your site

©allRefer
All Rights reserved. Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution.