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Wildlife, Animals, and Plants |
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FIRE EFFECTS
IMMEDIATE FIRE EFFECT ON PLANT:Shrubby cinquefoil is susceptible to fire top-kill [7,14,15,98,128,189], but may survive low- to moderate-severity fires [14,15,189] and resprout vigorously [148]. Fischer and Clayton [54] found shrubby cinquefoil susceptible to fire in eastern Montana, and Kessell and Potter [96] found that even a low-intensity fire removed shrubby cinquefoil from Douglas-fir/common snowberry habitat types in Montana. Research suggests that spring burns are less damaging to shrubby cinquefoil and cause less mortality than do summer or fall burns [189].
DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT:Though spring burns are reported to be less damaging, research results are conflicting. A spring burn in central Montana resulted in little mortality of shrubby cinquefoil because most plants readily resprouted [92]. Wet or saturated soil moisture levels on these sites were high enough to prevent damage to the root crown. Nimir and Payne [128] found higher rates of mortality and little resprouting on another spring burn in Montana; shrubby cinquefoil was clearly damaged by fire on these sites.
PLANT RESPONSE TO FIRE:Following fire, shrubby cinquefoil readily resprouts from the surviving root crown [13,14,15,64,65,92,126,128,131,181,189]. When the root crown is damaged by fire, re-establishment occurs from off-site seed [46]. If resprouting occurs, recovery of shrubby cinquefoil is relatively rapid, but seedling growth is slower and full stand development may take up to 5 years [189].
DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE:No entry
FIRE MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS:Due to the ability of shrubby cinquefoil to readily resprout, burning to reduce shrubby cinquefoil density is normally ineffective [13,61,64,66,148]. Percent cover of shrubby cinquefoil remained at preburn levels in response to a relatively "cool" prescribed burn in Maine [156,157]. However, burning in sagebrush vegetation in southwestern Montana significantly reduced (p<0.01) basal cover of shrubby cinquefoil [128], and percent cover has also been reduced by fire in Illinois fens [175]. The fibrous, highly flammable bark of shrubby cinquefoil may result in high intensity prescribed burns in stands of shrubby cinquefoil. In one study in central Montana, defoliation of overstory conifers was common due to high intensity burning of shrubby cinquefoil in the understory, resulting in 90% mortality of trees [92]. On one southwestern Montana site, browsing of shrubby cinquefoil after prescribed burning was substantially greater than browsing prior to burning [93]. For more information about fire effects and management considerations of shrubby cinquefoil, see the "Fire Case Studies" section of this FEIS summary.
Related categories for SPECIES: Dasiphora floribunda | Shrubby Cinquefoil |
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