Appendix
Table 1. Metric Conversion Coefficients and Factors

Table 2. Estonia: Total Population and Population by Nationality, Selected Years, 1922-89 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from Toivo V. Raun, Estonia and the Estonians, Stanford, California, 1991, 130; and Marje Jõeste, Ülo Kaevats, and Harry Õiglane, eds., Eesti A & Ö, Tallinn, 1993, 96.

Table 3. Estonia: Population of Largest Cities and Percentage Share of Estonians, 1934 and 1989

Source: Based on information from Kulno Kala, "Eesti rahvuslikust koosseeisust pärast Teist Maailmasõda," Akadeemia [Tartu], 4, No. 3, 1992, 534.

Table 4. Estonia: Net In-Migration, 1956-90

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet, Statistika Aastaraamat, 1991, Tallinn, 1991, 26.

Table 5. Estonia: Natural Population Growth by Nationality, 1982-92

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet, Statistika Aastaraamat, 1991, Tallinn, 1991, 39.

Table 6. Estonia: Gross Domestic Product, 1989-93 (at constant prices and in percentage of real growth)

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Baltic Republics: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania [London], No. 1, 1994, 4.

Table 7. Estonia: Employment Distribution by Sector, 1990

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Estonia: The Transition to a Market Economy, Washington, 1993, 265-66.

Table 8. Estonia: Major Trading Partners, 1992 and 1993 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Estonian State Statistics Board, 1993 Statistical Yearbook, Tallinn, 1993, as reported by Baltic News Service, March 27, 1993; and Saulius Girnius, "The Economies of the Baltic States in 1993," RFE/RL Research Report [Munich], 3, No. 20, May 20, 1994, 8-9.

Table 9. Estonia: Foreign Trade by Commodity Share, 1992

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Estonian State Statistics Board, 1993 Statistical Yearbook, Tallinn, 1993, as reported by Baltic News Service, March 27, 1993.

Table 10. Estonia: Foreign Investment Capital in Estonia by Country of Origin, April 1993

Source: Based on information from R. Ehrlich and L. Luup, eds., Invest in the Future: The Future Is Estonia, Tallinn, 1993, 36.

Table 11. Estonia: Foreign Loans and Credits to Estonia, 1992 (in thousands of United States dollars)

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Ministry of Finance, as reported by Baltic News Service, November 24, 1993.

Table 12. Estonia: Structure of Industrial Production, 1990 and 1992 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from World Bank, Estonia: The Transition to a Market Economy, Washington, 1993, 314; and R. Ehrlich and L. Luup, eds., Invest in the Future: The Future Is Estonia, Tallinn, 1993, 18.

Table 13. Estonia: Livestock Products, 1990 and 1992

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Estonian State Statistics Board, 1993 Statistical Yearbook, Tallinn, 1993, 163-64.

Table 14. Estonia: Field Crop Production, 1990 and 1992

Source: Based on information from Estonia, Estonian State Statistics Board, 1993 Statistical Yearbook, Tallinn, 1993, 159-61.

Table 15. Latvia: Population by Ethnic Origin, Selected Years, 1935-89 (in thousands)

Source: Based on information from Latvia, Valsts Statistikas Komiteja, Latvija Sodien, Riga, 1990, 13; Cina [Riga], June 23, 1971; and Latvia, 1989. Gada Vissavienibas Tautas Skaitisanas Rezultati Latvijas PSR, Riga, 1990, 10.

Table 16. Latvia: Ethnic Composition of Largest Cities and Riga City Districts under Latvia's Jurisdiction, 1989 Census (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from Latvia, Valsts Statistikas Komiteja, Latvijas Skaitlos, 1989 (Latvia in Figures, 1989), Riga, 1990; and Latvia, 1989. Gada Vissavienibas Tautas Skaitisanas Rezultati Latvijas PSR, Riga, 1990, 46.

Table 17. Latvia: Population Distribution by Ethnic Origin and Age-Group, 1989 Census

Source: Based on information from unpublished 1989 Latvian census printouts. The totals by age category differ slightly from the final figures published in Latvia, 1989. Gada Vissavienibas Tautas Skaitisanas Rezultati Latvijas PSR, Riga, 1990, 10. Thus, one has to assume the printout reflects preliminary data. The figures for the total population differ by only 31.

Table 18. Latvia: Births, Deaths, and Natural Increase by Ethnic Origin, Selected Years, 1980-91

Source: Based on information from Latvia, Statistikas Komiteja and Latvijas Zinatnu Akademijas Filozofijas un Sociologijas Instituts, Etnosituacija Latvija, Riga, 1992, 8.

Table 19. Latvia: Transborder Migration, 1961-89 (in thousands)

Source: Based on information from Latvia, Valsts Statistikas Komiteja, Latvija Skaitlos, 1989 (Latvia in Figures, 1989), Riga, 1990, 35; and Latvia, Valsts Statistikas Komiteja, Latvijas PSR Tautas Saimnieciba 1970, Riga, 1971, 17-18.

Table 20. Latvia: Ethnic Minorities by Place of Birth, 1989 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from Latvia, Valsts Statistikas Komiteja, Riga, May 24, 1991, unpublished document.

Table 21. Latvia: Religious Baptisms, Weddings, and Funerals by Religious Denomination, 1991

Source: Based on information from Kristus Dzive [Riga], No. 5, 1992, 37.

Table 22. Latvia: Knowledge of Latvian Language among Persons of Russian Ethnic Origin by Age-Group, 1979 Census

Source: Based on information from ethnic Latvian data in Latvia, Itogi vsesoyuznoy perepisi naseleniya 1979 goda po Latviyskoy SSR, Riga, 1982, 90. Ethnic Russian data presented by Peteris Zvidrins at Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Conference in Seattle, June 1990.

Table 23. Latvia: Knowledge of Russian Language among Persons of Latvian Ethnic Origin by Age-Group, 1979 Census

Source: Based on information from ethnic Latvian data in Latvia, Itogi vsesoyuznoy perepisi naseleniya 1979 goda po Latviyskoy SSR, Riga, 1982, 90. Ethnic Russian data presented by Peteris Zvidrins at Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies Conference in Seattle, June 1990.

Table 24. Latvia: Distribution of Labor Force by Sector, 1990 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from United States, National Technical Information Service, Latvia: An Economic Profile, Washington, August 1992, 5.

Table 25. Latvia: Agricultural Production on Private Farms, Selected Years, 1989-93

Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Economic Review: Latvia, Washington, 1994, 73.

Table 26. Latvia: Growth of Private Farms, Selected Years, 1989-93

Source: Based on information from International Monetary Fund, Economic Review: Latvia, Washington, 1994, 73.

Table 27. Lithuania: Production of Selected Industrial Products, 1989

Source: Based on information from The Baltic States: A Reference Book, Tallinn, 1991.

Table 28. Lithuania: Foreign Trade by Country, January-June 1994 (in percentages)

Source: Based on information from Lithuania, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Economic Relations, 1995.

Table 29. Lithuania: Exports by Selected Product and by Major Trading Partner, 1992 and 1993 (in thousands of United States dollars)

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Baltic Republics: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania [London], No. 1, 1995, 47.

Table 30. Lithuania: Imports by Selected Product and by Major Trading Partner, 1992 and 1993 (in thousands of United States dollars)

Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit, Country Report: Baltic Republics: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania [London], No. 1, 1995, 47.

Table 31. Lithuania: Foreign Investment by Country, September 1994

Source: Based on information from Lithuania, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Economic Relations, 1995.

1. --means negligible.

2. Kohtla-Järve became a city after World War II.

3. --not applicable.

4. Natural population growth means number of births minus number of deaths.

5. In millions of 1990 Russian rubles.

6. In thousands.

7. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

8. n.a.--not available.

9. In millions of kroons (for value of the kroon--see Glossary).

10. Yugoslavia disintegrated in 1991. Two successor republics, Serbia and Montenegro, have asserted the formation of a joint independent state, which they call Yugoslavia, but the United States has not formally recognized this entity as a state.

11. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

12. EBRD--European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

13. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

14. In thousands of hectares.

15. In thousands of tons.

16. In quintals per hectare.

17. --means negligible.

18. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

19. n.a.--not available.

20. Between 1951 and 1955, the total net flow of migrants was only 16,900 (an average of 3,400 per year). Between 1956 and 1960, it increased to 58,000 (an average of 11,600 per year). The latter period, however, included thousands of returning deportees.

21. n.a.--not available.

22. --means negligible.

23. n.a.--not applicable.

24. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

25. n.a.--not available.

26. n.a.--not available.

27. Includes mainly housing and personal services, government, health and social security, education, and recreational and cultural services.

28. In thousands.

29. In thousands of tons.

30. Live weight.

31. In thousands of hectares.

32. Estimated.

33. Figures from partner countries' trade accounts.

34. Figures from Lithuania's trade accounts.

35. Figures from partner countries' trade accounts.

36. Figures from Lithuania's trade accounts.

37. n.a.--not available.

38. Estimated.

Latvia - TABLE OF CONTENTS

• Table A. Chronology of Important Events
• Introduction
• Latvia
  • Country Profile
    • Country
    • Geography
    • Society
    • Economy
    • Transportation and Telecommunications
    • Government and Politics
    • National Security
  • Country Study Text
    • Historical Setting
      • Early History
      • Independence, 1918-40
      • The Soviet Period
      • The Pursuit of Independence, 1987-91
    • Physical Environment
      • Geographic Features
      • Climate
      • Natural Resources
    • Society
      • Population
      • Population Changes since Independence
      • Marriage and Divorce
      • Urbanization, Employment, and Education
      • Health and Welfare
      • Religion
      • Language and Culture
    • Economy
      • Historical Legacy
      • The Soviet Period
      • Economic Sectors
      • Postindependence Economic Difficulties
    • Government and Politics
      • Transition to Independence
      • Political System
      • Current Politics
      • Mass Media
    • Foreign Relations
      • Establishing Foreign Relations
      • Foreign Policy Directions
    • National Security
      • Defense
      • Crime and Law Enforcement
    • Outlook
• Appendix. Tables
• Glossary