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You are here >1Up Info > Wildlife, Animals, and Plants > Plant Species > Shrub > Species: Rubus idaeus | Red Raspberry
 

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FIRE CASE STUDIES

SPECIES: Rubus idaeus | Red Raspberry
CASE NAME : Elk Island Burn, Alberta REFERENCE : Johnston, M.; Woodard, P. 1985 [52] SEASON/SEVERITY CLASSIFICATION : May 5, 1980/variable STUDY LOCATION : The study site is located in Elk Island National Park, approximately 23 miles (37 km) east of Edmonton, Alberta. PREFIRE VEGETATIVE COMMUNITY : Preburn overstory vegetation was made up of quaking aspen (Populus tremuoides) and balsam poplar (P. balsamifera), which ranged from 50 to 70 years of age. Understory vegetation was dominated by red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), beaked hazelnut (Corylus cornuta), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), fleabane (Erigeron spp.), and reedgrass (Calamagrostis spp.). TARGET SPECIES PHENOLOGICAL STATE : not reported. SITE DESCRIPTION : Soil - orthic gray luvisol Elevation - not reported Topography - not reported Size of treated area - 9.9 acres (4 ha) Weather conditions - dry FIRE DESCRIPTION : Seven artificial fuel beds (24 x 24 inches [60 x 60 cm]) were constructed of varying amounts of excelsior, or excelsior mixed with white spruce slats. The prescribed head fire did not spread to the beds because of discontinuous fuels. The beds were ignited with matches after the passage of the flame front. Specific weather and fire behavior characteristics were as follows: Fire weather: Dry bulb temperature (C) - 14.5 Relative humidity (%) - 33 Wind speed at 10 m (kh/h) - 6 Fine fuel moisture code - 88 Duff moisture code - 57 Drought code - 106 Initial spread index - 4 Buildup index - 58 Fire weather index - 12 Estimated fire behavior characteristics recorded for the seven fuel beds ignited with matches - fuel loading flame length frontal fire residence time (kg/m sq.) (m) intensity (minutes) (kW/m) 0.17 0.5 57 1.5 0.87 1 258 2 0.87 1 258 2 3.94 1.5 622 4 3.94 1.5 622 4 9.65 1.5 1,162 10 9.65 2.5 1,905 10 FIRE EFFECTS ON TARGET SPECIES : All aboveground red raspberry stems were killed where fuels were added. On fuel-free plots, only portions of the aboveground stems were killed. Plants sprouted from underground regenerative structures where aboveground mortality was complete, but from both aboveground and belowground tissues where portions of the aerial stems were killed. Depth of underground regenerative structures ranged from 0 to 2 inches (0-5 cm), with mortality of tissues occasionally extending to 0.4 to 1.2 inches (1-3 cm) below the duff surface. Portions of most deeper "rhizomes" apparently survived. Red raspberry also reproduces through lateral buds located on small, shallow, succulent, poorly protected roots which can be damaged by fires of high intensity. The number of sprouts produced per plant did not vary according to burn treatment. Height growth and the number of leaves did vary by treatment, indicating that red raspberry recovery may be affected by fire intensity and severity. Specific recovery rate data for red raspberry were as follows: date response fuel loading (kg/m sq.) parameter 0.00 0.17 0.87 3.94 9.65 July 4 #sprouts/plot 5 4 4 4 5 ht. growth/sprout(cm) 52.0 32.7 17.4 12.2 8.8 avg. # leaves/sprout -- 8 6 5 3 July 22 #sprouts/plot 6 4 5 4 7 ht. growth/sprout(cm) 58.7 36.5 19.5 16.1 12.8 avg. # leaves/sprout -- 8 6 5 5 Aug. 1 #sprouts/plot 3 4 4 4 7 ht. growth/sprout(cm) 58.4 36.8 19.1 16.2 13.5 avg. # leaves/sprout -- 8 6 5 5 Aug. 16 #sprouts/plot 3 4 5 4 7 ht. growth/sprout(cm) 60.0 37.2 21.0 16.7 13.5 avg. # leaves/sprout -- 7 7 6 6 Aug. 30 #sprouts/plot 3 2 4 3 7 ht. growth/sprout(cm) 60.2 37.0 20.8 16.8 13.8 avg. # leaves/sprout -- 7 6 5 6 Mean abovegrd. ovendry biomass (grams/plot) 2.5 4.1 5.0 4.6 4.4 FIRE MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS : Red raspberry may be somewhat susceptible to high intensity fires because of shallow, fairly poorly protected root buds. This study suggests that hot prescribed fires may be useful in reducing red raspberry in some carefully selected instances.

Related categories for Species: Rubus idaeus | Red Raspberry

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Information Courtesy: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Fire Effects Information System

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