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Appendix A. Tables
Table 1. Metric Conversion Coofficients and
Factors
| When you kow |
Multiply by |
To find |
| Millimeters |
0.04 |
inches |
| Centimeters |
0.39 |
inches |
| Meters |
3.3 |
feet |
| Kilometers |
0.62 |
miles |
| Hectares |
2.47 |
acres |
| Square kilometers |
0.39 |
square miles |
| Cubic meters |
35.3 |
cubic feet |
| Liters |
0.26 |
gallons |
| Kilograms |
2.2 |
pounds |
| Metric tons |
0.98 |
long tons |
|
1.1 |
short tons |
|
2,204 |
pounds |
| Degrees Celsius (Centigrade) |
1.8 and add 32 |
degrees Fahrenheit |
Table 2. Major Cities, Census Years 1976
and 1986
| City |
1976 |
1986* |
| Tehran |
4,496,000 |
6,022,000 |
| Mashhad |
670,000 |
1,419,000 |
| Isfahan |
671,000 |
928,000 |
| Tabriz |
598,000 |
808,000 |
| Shiraz |
416,000 |
800,000 |
| Ahvaz |
329,000 |
396,000 |
| Kermanshah (Bakhtaran after 1979) |
290,000 |
389,000 |
| Qom |
246,000 |
338,000 |
| Rasht |
187,000 |
259 000 |
| Karaj |
138,000 |
252,000 |
| Abadan |
296,000 |
250,000 |
| Qazvin |
139,000 |
244,000 |
| Urumiyeh |
163,000 |
219,000 |
| Hamadan |
155,000 |
207,000 |
| Kerman |
140,000 |
202,000 |
*Preliminary.
Table 3. Ethnic and Linguistic Groups, 1986
(exclusive of refugees)
| Ethnic Group |
Language |
Population1 |
Percentage |
| Persians |
Persian |
23,100,000 |
51.0 |
| Azarbaijanis |
Turkic |
11,500,000 |
25.2 |
| Kurds |
Kurdish |
4,000,000 |
8.8 |
| Gilakis and Mazandaranis |
Persian dialects |
3,450,000 |
7.5 |
| Baluchis |
Baluchi |
600,000 |
1.3 |
| Lurs |
Luri |
550,000 |
1.2 |
| Arabs |
Arabic |
530,000 |
1.2 |
| Fars Turks2 |
Turkic dialects |
250,000 |
0.5 |
| Qashqais |
Turkish |
250,000 |
0.5 |
| Turkomans |
-do- |
250,000 |
0.5 |
| Bakhtiaris |
Luri |
250,000 |
0.5 |
| Armenians |
Armenian |
250,000 |
0.5 |
| Assyrians |
Assyrian |
32,000 |
-- 3 |
| Other |
Persian and Turkic dialects, English, French,
German, Georgian, Russian |
600,000 |
1.3 |
| TOTAL |
|
45,612,000 |
100.0 |
1 Estimated; rounded off to nearest 10,000.
2 Includes Abivardis, Afshars, Baharlus, Inanlus, detribalized
Qashqais, and other Turkic-speaking groups.
3 0.007 percent.
Source: Based on information from Patricia Higgins, "Minority-State
Relations in Contemporary Iran," in Ali Banuazizi and Myron Weiner,
eds., The State, Religion, and Ethnic Politics, Syracuse,
1986, 178.
Table 4. Non-Muslim Religious Minorities,
1986
| Religious Minority |
Language |
Population* |
| Bahais |
Persian, Turkish |
350,000 |
| Armenian Christians |
Armenian |
250,000 |
| Jews |
Persian, Kurdish |
50,000 |
| Assyrian Christians |
Assyrian |
32,000 |
| Zoroastrians |
Persian |
32,000 |
*Estimated.
Table 5. Oil Production and Exports, 1980-85
(in millions of barrels per day)
|
1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
| Production |
1.47 |
1.32 |
2.39 |
2.44 |
2.03 |
2.19 |
| Exports |
0.80 |
0.71 |
1.62 |
1.72 |
1.52 |
1.57 |
Source: Based on information from George Jaffe and Keith McLachlan,
Iran and Iraq: The Next Five Years, Special Report No.
1083, Economist Intelligence Unit, London, 1987, 12.
Table 6. Estimated Production of Major Crops
1981, 1982, and 1983,
(in thousands of tons)
|
1981-82 |
1982-83 |
1983-84 |
| Barley |
1,700 |
1,903 |
2,034 |
| Cotton (lint) |
275 |
358 |
300 |
| Legumes |
290 |
296 |
290 |
| Oil Seeds* |
105 |
138 |
188 |
| Onions |
675 |
965 |
736 |
| Pistachios |
122 |
95 |
84 |
| Potatoes |
1,540 |
1,814 |
1,740 |
| Rice |
1,624 |
1,605 |
1,215 |
| Sugar beets |
3,231 |
4,321 |
3,648 |
| Sugar cane |
1,677 |
1,810 |
2,053 |
| Wheat |
6,610 |
6,660 |
5,956 |
*Sunflower seeds and soybeans.
Source:Based on information from The Middle East and North
Africa, 1987, London: Europa Publications, 1986, 416.
Table 7. Major Trading Partners, 1985
(in percentages)
| Destination of exports from Iran |
|
Sources of imports to Iran |
| Japan |
15.9 |
West Germany |
16.3 |
| Italy |
9.4 |
Japan |
13.4 |
| Turkey |
8.8 |
Britain |
6.7 |
| Singapore |
7.1 |
Italy |
6.0 |
| Syria |
6.5 |
Turkey |
5.9 |
| Spain |
5.6 |
Soviet Union |
4.5 |
| Netherlands |
5.5 |
Singapore |
3.9 |
| France |
5.0 |
Spain |
2.8 |
| United States |
4.8 |
Argentina |
2.8 |
| Romania |
4.4 |
Netherlands |
2.7 |
| West Germany |
4.0 |
Kuwait |
2.0 |
| Other |
23.0 |
Other |
33.0 |
| TOTAL |
100.0 |
TOTAL |
100.0 |
Source: Based on information from Economist Intelligence Unit,
Iran: Country Report, 1987, No. 1, London, 1987, 2.
Table 8. Armed Forces Manpower Selected Years,
1977-86
| Type and Description |
1977 |
1979 |
1982 |
1984 |
1986 |
| Armed forces |
| Reserves |
300,000 |
300,000 |
400,000 |
350,000 |
350,000 |
| Army |
220,000 |
285,0001 |
150,0002 |
250,0002 |
305,0002 |
| Navy |
22,000 |
30,000 |
10,000 |
20,000 |
14,500 |
| Air force |
100,000 |
100,000 |
35,000 |
35,000 |
35,500 |
| Total armed forces |
642,000 |
715,000 |
595,000 |
655,000 |
704,500 |
| Paramilitary forces |
| Gendarmerie |
70,000 |
74,000 |
5,000 |
5,000 |
70,000 |
| Pasdaran |
- |
30,000 |
40,000 |
250,000 |
350,000 |
| Basij |
- |
n.a. |
n.a. |
2,500,000 |
3,000,000 |
| Mojahedin |
- |
n.a. |
30,000 |
n.a. |
n.a. |
| Total paramilitary forces |
700,000 |
104,000 |
75,000 |
2,755,000 |
3,420,000 |
| Forces abroad |
| Oman |
1,000 |
5,0003 |
- |
- |
- |
| Syria (UNDOF) |
3834 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Lebanon |
- |
- |
n.a. |
650 |
1,000 |
| Total forces abroad |
1,383 |
5,000 |
- |
650 |
1,000 |
n.a.--not available.
1 Sixty percent of the army is reported to have deserted in 1979
after the Revolution began. Figures given are for prerevolutionary
period.
2 Conscripts made up 100,000 personnel for 1982 and 1984. The
number was estimated at 200,000 for 1986.
3 The Oman contingent had grown to 5,000 by 1979, when it was
brought home.
4 Some of the United Nations Disengagement Observation Force (UNDOF)
soldiers also served in United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon,
from which they were also withdrawn in 1979.
Table 9. Major Army Weapons, 1986
| Type and Description |
Number in Inventory |
| Tanks (medium) |
| T-54,T-55, T-59, T-62, T-72, Chieftain Mk3/5, M-47/-48,
M-60A1 |
1,000 |
| Tanks (light) |
| Scorpion |
50 |
| Armored vehicles |
| EE-9 Cascavel |
130 |
| BMP-1 |
180 |
| BTR-50/60 |
500 |
| M-113 |
250 |
| EE-11 Urutu |
300 |
| Guns, howitzers (including self-propelled) and surface-to-surface
missiles (SSM) |
| 105mm, 130mm, 155mm, 175mm, 203mm |
600 |
| 81mm, 120mm |
3,000 |
| SSM: Scud |
n.a. |
| Recoilless rifles |
| 57mm, 75mm, M-40 A/C 106mm |
n.a. |
| Antiaircraft guns (including self-propelled) and surface-to-air
missiles (SAM) |
| 25mm, 57mm |
1,500 |
| SAM: Hawk/Improved Hawk, SA-7, RBS-70 |
n.a. |
| Antitank weapons |
| ENTAC, SS-11/-12, M-47 Dragon, BGM-71A TOW |
n.a. |
| Fixed-wing aircraft |
| Cessna (185, 310, O-2A) |
56 |
| Fokker F-27 |
2 |
| Rockwell Shrike Commander |
5 |
| Dassault Mystere-Falcon |
2 |
| Helicopters |
| AH-1J Cobra (attack) |
n.a. |
| Bell 214A |
270 |
| AB-205A |
35 |
| CH-47C Chinook |
n.a. |
n.a.--not available.
Source: Based on information from International Institute for
Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London,
1986, 96.
Table 10. Major Naval Weapons, 1986
| Type and Description |
Number in Inventory |
| Destroyers |
| With surface-to-air missiles (SAM) |
1 |
| US Sumner-class |
2 |
| Submarines, Type-1200 |
6* |
| Frigates, with surface-to-surface missiles (SSM) and SAM |
4 |
| Corvettes, US PF-103 |
2 |
| Fast patrol boats |
| Kaman (La Combattante 11) with 7 harpoon SSM |
8 |
| Patrol boats |
7 |
| Minesweepers (US MSC 292/268 coastal) |
2 |
| Landing ships and craft |
8 |
| Logistical support ships |
4 |
| Hovercraft, Wellington BH-7 |
2 |
| Fixed-wing aircraft |
| Orion P-3F |
2 |
| Shrike Commander |
4 |
| Fokker F-27 |
4 |
| Dassault Mystere-Falcon |
1 |
| Helicopters |
| Sikorsky SH-3D |
10 |
| Sikorsky RH-53D |
2 |
| AB-212 |
7 |
*On order; delivery pending end of Iran-Iraq War.
Source: Based on information from International Institute for
Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London,
1986, 96-97.
Table 11. Air Force Weapons, 1986
| Type and Description |
Number in Inventory |
| Fighter-bombers, with air-to-air missiles (AAM) and air-to-surface
missiles (ASM) |
| F-4 D/E Phantom |
35 |
| Fighters |
| F-5 E/F Tiger |
45 |
| Fighters-interceptors |
| F-14A Tomcat |
10 |
| Reconnaissance |
| RF-4E |
3 |
| F-14A |
5 |
| Tankers-transports |
| Boeing 707 |
10 |
| Boeing 747 |
7 |
| Transports |
| C-130 E/H Hercules |
26 |
| Fokker F-27 |
9 |
| Aero Commander 690 |
2 |
| Falcon 20 |
4 |
| Trainers |
| Bonanza F-33 A/C |
26 |
| Shooting Star T-33A |
7 |
| Pilatus PC-7 |
46 |
| Shenyang J-6 |
2 |
| Helicopters |
| AB-206A Jet Ranger |
10 |
| AB-212 |
5 |
| Bell 214C |
39 |
| CH-47 Chinook |
10 |
| Sikorsky S-55 (HH-34F) |
10 |
| Sikorsky S-61A4 |
2 |
| Surface-to-air missiles |
| Rapier |
n.a. |
| Tigercat |
25 |
| Hawk (improved?) |
1,000 |
| Air-to-air missiles |
| Phoenix |
n.a. |
| AIM-9 Sidewinder |
n.a. |
| AIM-7 Sparrow |
n.a. |
| Air-to-surface missiles |
| AS-12 Maverick |
n.a. |
Source: Based on information from International Institute for
Strategic Studies, The Military Balance, 1986-1987, London,
1986, 97.
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