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Yugoslavia Exports and Imports
Yugoslavia's exports in the late 1980s consisted mainly of
manufactured goods, ores, and simple processed goods. One-third
of goods sold abroad were electrical goods, machinery, and
transportation equipment (see
table 16, Appendix). This was a
relatively high proportion of sophisticated exports, considering
that among European nations Yugoslavia ranked low in per capita
income. Main export customers were Italy, the Soviet Union,
France, Austria, Czechoslovakia, the United States, and the
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). Live horses and meat
products were Yugoslavia's most important agricultural exports.
The largest single meat export, veal, was shipped primarily to
Greece. Meat export declined in the late 1970s because of EEC
trade barriers, a rise in domestic meat consumption, and feed
shortages; but between 1985 and 1987, total meat product exports
more than doubled, rising well beyond the 1980 level. Yugoslavia
ran trade deficits in merchandise of US$1.5 billion in 1985,
US$2.2 billion in 1986, US$1.4 billion in 1987, and US$619
million in 1988.
Throughout the postwar period, Yugoslavia was a net importer
of raw materials, fuels, iron and steel products, and capital
equipment (see
table 17, Appendix). Chief suppliers of petroleum
products were the Soviet Union, Iraq, Libya, and Algeria.
Machinery and transport equipment, also imported in large
amounts, came principally from West Germany, Italy, the United
States, the Soviet Union, Britain, and Czechoslovak. In the
category of non-petroleum raw materials, Yugoslavia bought oil
seeds and coal from the United States, wool from Australia,
cotton, coal, and iron ore from the Soviet Union, and cotton from
Egypt.
Data as of December 1990
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